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All Journal Techno: Jurnal Penelitian Kinetika
Arizal Aswan
Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Energy Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology

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PERVAPORATION TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT FOR ABSOLUTE ETHANOL PRODUCTION (ETHANOL FUEL GRADE) Aswan, Arizal; Yuliati, Selastia; Junaidi, Robert
KINETIKA Vol 3, No 3 (2012): KINETIKA 01112012
Publisher : Teknik Kimia Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Abstract

Membrane pervaporation of ethanol vapor is a purification process based on grade with a purity level is high enough, so that the resulting product is called fuel grade ethanol. Fuel grade the process of increasing ethanol used as a fuel alternative. In this study the ethanol content is done by pervaporation technology method that utilizes a cellulose nitrate membrane separation media. Studies have been conducted on the effect of pressure on the value of the permeate flux and membrane selectivity in pervaporation process. Results showed that operating conditions at a temperature of 100 - 140oC, linear flow rate of 2.5 m3/ h, the variation of permeate side pressure of 500 mbar, 550 mbar, 600 mbar, 650 mbar and 700 mbar produces flux and selectivity values are declining. Optimum conditions reached at permeate side pressure is 700 mbar with the flux values 3.4673 x 10-5 Kg/m2.h and selectivity 0.1257. In these conditions the produce fuel grade ethanol yield reached 99.48%. Ethanol is converted into fuel feed grade reaches ± 99%, with a total volume of 193 ml of the feed volume 200 ml.
PROTOTYPE STEAM POWER PLANT (ANALISIS HEAT LOSS PADA UNIT BOILER FURNACE DAN SUPERHEATER) Difa Putri Utami, Ayu; ., Zurohaina; Aswan, Arizal
KINETIKA Vol. 7 No. 1 (2016): KINETIKA 01032016
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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The purpose of this experiment is to find a formula prototype steam power plant to find a solution to the crisis of electricity in rural areas. Has conducted a study to determine heat loss at for incineration in furnaces and boiler super heater unit. The fuel used is diesel and LPG fuel with a mass of different - different. The results obtained from the calculation of the importance of the loss of heat radiation in the boiler furnace of 5.6%, 2.66% convection heat loss and heat conduction loss amounted to 5.73%, on the theory that it should heat loss should not be more than 1%. Heat loss occurring in the steam power plant prototype unit is still quite large when viewed from PLTGU PLN Keramasan sector with a heat loss in radiasi, conduction and convection. Heat loss can be mitigated in several ways one of them is a good insulator technique using cement or asbestos in accordance with the value of conductivity that need and can be determined from the results of the design calculations.
ANALISIS ENERGI BOILER PIPA AIR MENGGUNAKAN BAHAN BAKAR SOLAR Aswan, Arizal
KINETIKA Vol. 8 No. 2 (2017): KINETIKA 01072017
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Tujuan dilakukan penelitian ini yaitu untuk menenetukan efisiensi termal boiler furnace dan menentukan spesific fuel consumed bahan bakar. Telah dilakukan penelitian untuk mengetahui heat loss pada ukan proses pembakaran ada unit boiler furnace. Bahan bakar yang digunakan yaitu solar dengan massa bahan akar yang berbeda – beda. Hasil yang diperoleh dari perhitungan maka didapat heat loss radiasi pada boiler furnace sebesar 13%, heat loss konveksi 7,18%, dari teori yang Seharusnya heat loss ini harusnya tidak lebih dari 1 % . Heat loss yang terjadi di unit prototype steam power plant ini masih terbilang besar jika ditinjau dari PLTGU PLN Sektor Keramasan dengan heat loss secara radias, dan konveksi. Heat loss ini dapat ditanggulangi dengan beberapa cara salah satunya yaitu dengan teknik isolator baik menggunakan semen atau pun asbes sesuai dengan nilai konduktifitas yang dibutuhakan dan dapat ditentukan dari hasil perhitungan desain.
EFFECT OF CRYSTALIZATION TEMPERATURE AND COOLING TIME IN SEPARATION PROCESS OF STEARIN FROM CASTOR OIL USING DRY FRACTINATION METHODE Meidinariasty, Anerasari; Aswan, Arizal; Meilan, Tri Shella
KINETIKA Vol 3, No 3 (2012): KINETIKA 01112012
Publisher : Teknik Kimia Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Abstract

Stearin is a fat which is solid in room temperature and commonly used  in making candles and soap.  Stearin is usually separated using one of these three methodes ; wet method (lipofractination), dry method and fractionating with solvent.  Among these methods, the dry method is commonly used to separate stearin from crude palm oil, because this process is simple and no chemical is used and produced.  The dry fractionation method was been applied to castor oil, to separate the stearin from its olein. First,  the oil was heated at 700C and then cooled down to 450C in stirring, the cooling process hence separated stearin from the oil.  After that, The crystallization was carried in temperature that was varied from 100C to 200C in range 50C. The processes were varied from 2 hours, 5 hours and 8 hours. The best result obtained at temperature 100C for 8 hours which yielded 34.8% rendemen with 0.255 % water content, having density of 0.8925g/ml and free fatty acid content of 11.177 %.  The Iodine value was 55.518.  These data were closed to the stearin data of stearin from crude palm oil.
PENGARUH WAKTU DAN KECEPATAN ALIRAN UDARA TERHADAP KADAR AIR PADA PROSES PENGASAPAN IKAN DENGAN SISTEM SIRKULASI ASAP BEBAS TAR Aswan, Arizal
KINETIKA Vol. 9 No. 1 (2018): KINETIKA 01032018
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Coconut shell is one of the biomass that is often thrown away in traditional markets. Though coconut shell can be used as raw material to be processed into charcoal. The content of phenol in the coconut shell plays a role to preserve food naturally. One of the foods that can be preserved with the smoke produced from the coconut shell is smoked fish. But the processing is still traditionally. So therefore, the purpose of this research is to obtain a set of smokers with an environmentally friendly smoke circulation system and reduce the tar content generated from smoke to improve the quality and quantity of the product. This research uses lais fish as raw material and coconut shell as fumigation fuel. The curing temperature is maintained between 80–100 oC for 7-9 hours. Measured data include temperature, time, humidity of the fuming chamber, airflow velocity, fish weight, initial and final fuel weight, and moisture content of the starting and ending fumes. The results of the analysis of this research indicate that temperature, curing time, and airflow rate are the main factors that greatly affect the final mass of fish and the percentage of moisture content during fumigation. Where the average water content lost is 40.1% at 7 hours, 40.7% at 8 hours, and 41.3% at 9 hours.
REKAYASA PERALATAN UPGRADING BATUBARA PERINGKAT RENDAH DALAM UPAYA PENINGKATAN NILAI KALOR MENGGUNAKAN OLI SEBAGAI STABILISATOR Aswan, Arizal
KINETIKA Vol. 10 No. 2 (2019): KINETIKA 01072019
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Indonesia has 34.320 million tons of low rank coal in 2015. Low rank coal has total moisture content (surface moisture and inherent moisture) which is about 40%. Upgraded Brown Coal (UBC) is a method of removing moisture content in heated light oil. In this study, the proportion of coal and kerosene being 1:1 with a proportioon of lubricant is 0.5% by weight of the coal. This study aims to determine the most optimal coal particle size and operating condition in the UBC process. The coal before upgrading process is known contain 32.56% of inherent moisture and has calorific value as much as 5,240 cal/gr. After upgrading process there is a significant increase of calorific value on coal 200 mesh which is 8,073.11 cal/gr, and reduction of inherent moisture become 2.16%. The most optimal increasing of calorific value occurs in coal 200 mesh, but this product has a sticky (wet) physical properties because it takes a long time in the drying process.
PROTOTYPE PENGERING BAHAN BAKU DAN PRODUK BIOPELET DITINJAU DARI ENERGI H2O YANG TERUAPKAN KE UDARA Lestari, Sutini Pujiastuti; Aswan, Arizal; Sumarna, Herlin
KINETIKA Vol. 10 No. 1 (2019): KINETIKA 01032019
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Energy consumption in Indonesia is still dominated by the use of fossil-based energy, especially petroleum and coal. Therefore, biomass as a renewable energy source is an effort to reduce the use of fossil energy in Indonesia. Biopellet is one of the processing of biomass into solid fuel. In the process stage of making biopellet used dryer. In the prototype of drying machine, the independent variables are variation of raw material mix and fixed variable such as air velocity, drying time, and drying temperature. Based on the results of the research, the H2O concentration was evaporated and the H2O heat in the air was highest in the 60% mixture of wood powder: 40% rice husk. From mass of H2O evaporated equal to 14.84 gr and H2O heat in air equal to 136.506 grcal analyzed moisture content and calorific value of biopelet product. Water content obtained at 6.716% and the calorific value of 5,188.8506 grcal/gr has met the SNI 8021-2014 standard.
PRODUKSI BAHAN BAKAR CAIR DARI LEMAK SAPI MENGGUNAKAN KATALIS ZEOLIT DENGAN METODE PIROLISIS Lestari, Sutini Pujiastuti; Aswan, Arizal; Effendy, Sahrul; Febriana, Ida; Ramadhana. S, Safira Eva; Safitri, Widi; Shaskia, Bekka Alta
KINETIKA Vol. 11 No. 2 (2020): KINETIKA 01072020
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Beef tallow is structurally a monoalkyl ester of long chain fatty acids similar to vegetable oil which are widely used as raw materials for biofuel production. The processing of beef tallow into liquid fuel is from pyrolisis process of the catalytic cracking method with 1%w/w and 5% natural zeolite catalyst. The purpose of this research is to get the best operating condition that produce the largest %yield of liquid fuel with temperature range 280-320oC and time range 60-140 minutes. The result shown that the optimum temperature is 320oC using 5% catalyst with product yield of 12.4206 %. The optimum time operation is 100 Minutes using 5% catalyst with product yield 11.51%Also the best operating condition using 1% catalyst are at temperature of 320°C and 60 minutes with11.86% of yield. Physical character from this research aredensity, kinematic viscosity,and flash point shown that liquid fuel product obtain solar. Chemical compound in liquid fuel of this research are 18.26% of gasoline fraction (C7–C11) and 41.33% of kerosene/diesel (C12–C19) for 1% catalyst and 40.67% of gasoline fraction (C7–C11) and 47.11% of kerosene/diesel (C12–C19) for 5% catalyst.
ISSN: 1693-9050 E-ISSN: 2623-1417 https://jurnal.polsri.ac.id/index.php/kimia/index 20 PENGARUH DAYA MICROWAVE DALAM PROSES PENGOLAHAN MINYAK MAWAR (Rosa hybrida) DAN MINYAK YLANG-YLANG (Cananga odorata genuine) DENGAN METODE MICROWAVE HYDRODISTILLATION Effendy, Sahrul; Aswan, Arizal; Ridwan, K.A; ., Zurohaina; Ramadhania, Nadhira; Amanda, Thalia Junica
KINETIKA Vol. 11 No. 3 (2020): KINETIKA 01112020
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Rose and ylang-ylang flower oil is usually obtained by conventional hydrodistillation and takes a long time. One of the new technologies that can be used is hydro distillation using a microwave. This study aims to study the effect of time and microwave power on the yield of essential oils obtained and will be analyzed with rose oil standards ISO 9842: 2003 and CAS 8007-01-0 and ylang-ylang flower oil SNI 06-7224-2006. The variables tested in this study were the ingredients of rose and ylang-ylang flowers (fresh and wilted), weighing 200 grams and 100 grams, respectively. The microwave power used is 180, 270, 360, 450 Watt. The operating conditions in this method are at 1 atm. The highest yield of rose flower oil yield was at the power of 450 Watt minutes to 90 of 0.1266%, while the highest yield of ylang-ylang flower oil was at power of 360 watts to 90 minutes of 0.2758%. The lowest value of specific energy consumption (SEC) in roses is at a power of 450 watts of 2.0574 kWh / gr. The SEC value of ylang-ylang flower oil is at a power of 360 watts of 2.1318 kWh / gr.
PROSES PENGAMBILAN MINYAK ATSIRI DARI TANAMAN NILAM (Pogestemon cablin Benth) MENGGUNAKAN METODE MICROWAVE HYDRODISTILLATION Yuliana, Dwi Astri; urhidayati, Siti; ., Zurohaina; Aswan, Arizal; Febriana, Ida
KINETIKA Vol. 11 No. 3 (2020): KINETIKA 01112020
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

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Patchouli essential oil that is produced using conventional refining technology often does not meet the requirements for export. Refining using conventional technology requires a relatively long time, the energy required is large and the product quality is low. To improve the quality of patchouli oil and energy savings in this study, the process of making patchouli oil using the Microwave hydro distillation method is used. This process is a combination of the use of microwaves with a distillation system. The material in the flash column section which is made of glass will be penetrated by microwave radiation and will be absorbed by the material. This event will cause heat so that the cell walls in the oil will break and the content in the oil will be free to escape. Based on the results of the study using patchouli plant raw materials, the optimal variation in operating time and microwave power to obtain high yields at 60 minutes power was 0.3301% and the lowest SEC value was at 30 minutes power which was 1.889.92 gr / ml. While the results of the study used patchouli leaf raw materials, the optimal variation in operating time and distillation temperature to obtain high yields at a temperature of 98ËšC minutes 60, namely 0.3301% and the lowest SEC value at a temperature of 98ËšC minutes 30. which is 1,889.92 gr / ml.
Co-Authors ., Fatria ., Zurohaina Amanda, Thalia Junica Anerasari Meidinariasty Difa Putri Utami, Ayu Effendy, Sahrul Febriana, Ida Hananta, Bagas Oktaihza Putra Pratama Ramadhana. S, Safira Eva Ramadhania, Nadhira Ridwan, K.A Robert Junaidi Safitri, Widi Samosir, Devina Sanchia Selastia Yuliati Shaskia, Bekka Alta Sumarna, Herlin Sutini Pujiastuti Lestari Tri Shella Meilan urhidayati, Siti Yohandri Bow Yuliana, Dwi Astri