Gunawan, Achmad
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PENGARUH APLIKASI PUPUK SILIKA DALAM PENGENDALIAN TUNGRO Khaerana, Khaerana; Gunawan, Achmad
Jurnal Pertanian Vol. 10 No. 1 (2019): APRIL
Publisher : Universitas Djuanda

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (47.247 KB) | DOI: 10.30997/jp.v10i1.1687

Abstract

Tungro adalah salah satu penyakit penting pada padi, yang disebabkan oleh dua jenis virus, yaitu Rice Tungro Bacilliform Virus (RTBV) dan Rice Tungro Spherical Virus (RTSV), melalui vektor wereng hijau (Nephotetic virescens). Tingginya intensitas pertanaman menyebabkan keseimbangan unsur hara semakin berkurang, termasuk unsur silika (Si). Pemberian pupuk silika dengan dosis yang tepat dapat meningkatkan kesuburan tanah dan menyebabkan tanaman lebih tahan terhadap serangan hama penyakit. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengkaji pengaruh pemberian pupuk silika dalam pengendalian penyakit tungro. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan faktorial dua faktor. faktor pertama yaitu dosis pemberian pupuk silika (kontrol, NPK dosis umum digunakan petani, 1/3 NPK + 1 lt si, 1/3 NPK + 3 lt si, 1/3 NPK + 5 lt si), faktor kedua adalah penggunaaan varietas (inpari 36 dan TN1). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa interaksi pemberian dosis pupuk silika dan varietas tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap semua parameter pengamatan, kecuali pada hasil gabah. Varietas berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman, panjang malai, dan hasil gabah.
Identification of bird pests on several sorghum genotypes during the rainy season, in Gunung Kidul, Indonesia Mugiasih, Ani; Suwitono, Bayu; Gunawan, Achmad; Widyayanti, Setyorini; Muazam, Arif
Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika Vol. 25 No. 2 (2025): SEPTEMBER, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA: JOURNAL OF TROPICAL PLAN
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jhptt.225208-217

Abstract

Birds are among the most significant vertebrate pests affecting sorghum crops worldwide, particularly in community farming systems. Their attacks can lead to substantial yield losses, especially during the grain ripening stage. This study aimed to identify the species, number of individuals, attack frequency, extent of crop damage, and control efforts related to bird pests in sorghum cultivation. The research was conducted from December 2022 to February 2023 in Karangmojo Village, Gunungkidul Regency, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Six sorghum genotypes were planted: bioguma (V1), plonco (V3), samurai (V4), kawali (V6), hitam wareng (V8), and ketan merah (V9). However, observations were focused on bioguma and plonco, which experienced the most bird attacks. Three seed-eating bird species were identified: Geopelia striata (kutut, 156 individuals), Lonchura leucogastroides (bondol jawa or emprit, 375 individuals), and Spilopelia chinensis (derkuku or tekukur, 329 individuals). The peak bird activity occurred in the morning, with 47 attack events recorded in bioguma and 35 in plonco. The average crop damage reached 1.26% in bioguma and 1.24% in plonco, resulting in estimated yield losses of Rp. 922,140.00 and Rp. 750,360.00 per ha, respectively. Control measures employed by farmers included the use of perforated plastic hoods and safety nets, though their effectiveness was limited.
Population of vector and tungro disease incidence at dosage of nitrogen fertilizer in rice field Gunawan, Achmad; Purwono; Lubis, Iskandar; Widiarta, I Nyoman; Suwitono, Bayu
Jurnal AGRO Vol. 12 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Jurusan Agroteknologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/j.agro.45232

Abstract

One of the biotic threats that can reduce rice yield is tungro disease. This disease is spread with green leafhopper (Nephotettix virescens) vector. The population density of leafhoppers is one of the factors contributing to the increased incidence of tungro. Excessive nitrogen used in crop cultivation, especially rice, has been known to impact the population dynamics of insect pests. This study aims to determine the population development of green leafhoppers at different nitrogen doses. The study was conducted at the Muara Experimental Field, Bogor. The experimental treatment used three rice varieties representing susceptible varieties, resistant to green leafhoppers and resistant to tungro virus (Ciherang, IR64 and Inpari 36 Lanrang) and four levels of fertilization doses (without additional urea, Urea 250 kg ha-1, 350 kg ha-1 and 500 kg ha-1). The experiment used Split Plot design with three replication. The insect population in the field was found at the beginning of the observation and the peak of insect population density occurred at 6 WAP observationsVariety has a significant effect on insect vector population density and plant growth and yield in the field. The population density of green leafhoppers was higher in the Ciherang and IR 64 varieties than in the Inpari 36 Lanrang variety. Fertilization doses had no significant effect on the population of green leafhopper insects in the field except in the nymph phase in fertilization without the addition of urea and had no effect on growth and yield except on the number of tillers. The combination of resistant varieties and fertilization without the addition of urea reduced the population density of green.   ABSTRAK Cekaman biotik yang dapat menurunkan hasil padi salah satunya penyakit tungro. Penyakit ini disebarkan oleh vektor wereng hijau (Nephotettix virescens). Kepadatan populasi wereng menjadi salah satu faktor penyebab meningkatnya keberadaan penyakit tungro. Penggunaan nitrogen yang berlebihan dalam budidaya tanaman, terutama padi, telah diketahui berdampak pada dinamika populasi serangga hama. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perkembangan populasi wereng hijau pada pemberian dosis nitrogen berbeda.Penelitian dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Muara, Bogor. Perlakuan percobaan mengunakan tiga varietas padi yang mewakili varietas rentan, tahan wereng hijau dan tahan virus tungro (Ciherang, IR64 dan Inpari 36 Lanrang) dan lima taraf dosis pemupukan (tanpa tambahan pupuk urea, Pupuk Urea 250 kg ha-1, 300 kg ha-1 dan 500 kg ha-1). Percobaan mengunakan rancanngan Split Plot dalam RAK dengan tiga kali ulangan. Populasi serangga di lapangan ditemukan diawal pengamatan dan puncak kepadatan populasi serangga terjadi pada pengamatan 6 MST. Varietas berpengaruh nyata terhadap kepadatan populasi serangga vektor, pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman di lapangan. Kepadatan populasi wereng hijau lebih tinggi pada pertanaman varietas Ciherang dan IR 64 dibandingkan pada varietas Inpari 36 Lanrang. Dosis pemupukan tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap populasi serangga wereng hijau di lapangan kecuali pada fase nimfa pada pemupukan tanpa penambahan urea dan tidak berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil kecuali pada jumlah anakan. Kombinasi varietas tahan dan pemupukan tanpa penambahan urea mengurangi kepadatan populasi wereng hijau menyebarkan virus tungro.   Kata kunci: Populasi, pupuk nitrogen, wereng hijau