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Nationality, Ethnicity, and Solidarity: Respon Turki atas Perundingan Etnis Uighur Moh. Fathoni Hakim; Denimah Denimah; M. Zulfikar Ramadhan; Devy Febian Arisandy Bahtiar; Feryan Airlangga; Stefano Jalu Sambowo Putra
Jurnal Hubungan Internasional Vol. 14 No. 1 (2021): JURNAL HUBUNGAN INTERNASIONAL
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jhi.v14i1.19614

Uighur is an ethnic group which originally come from the Turkestan clan, which is predominantly found in Central and Western Asia Regions. As a minority within the People's Republic of China northwestern region, Its existence often sparks negative stigma from the China government. They are labelled as separatist groups. Large-scale demonstrations in 2009, which eventually led to riots between Uighur and Han Chinese population in Xinjiang, managed to worsen the situation. As a country that has primordial ties with the Uighur, Turkey has responded to the issue of discrimination that befell the Uighur. Therefore, this problem could bring tension to both Turkey and China. Utilizing the concept of bilateral diplomacy, this paper aims to examine the extent of the Turkish government's response to the issue of ethnic violence in Xinjiang. The findings show that the Uighur issue has always overshadowed Turkey-China bilateral relations ever since Its rise. Despite the disagreement, both have maintained a relatively good relation.

Paradigma Integrated Twin Towers dalam Studi Hubungan Internasional Kontemporer Moh. Fathoni Hakim
Journal of Integrative International Relations Vol. 3 No. 2 (2017): November
Publisher : Department of International Relations, State Islamic University (UIN) of Sunan Ampel Surabaya, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15642/jiir.2017.3.2.1 - 17

Integrated Twin Towers paradigm that is embraced by UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya stresses on the relation between science and social knowledge with Islamic knowledge which are not being overlapped, but are complementing. Paradigmatic discussion of contemporary international relations study offers an opportunity for Integrated Twin Towers paradigm to fulfill a paradigmatic limitedness within such study, especially for alternatives on Islamic knowledge. The International Relations Department in UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya gives some offerings in translating Integrated Twin Towers paradigm at the smallest level of university. First, creating some courses that consist of Islamic study. Second, preparing for (regulations of) student research. Third, integration between student competency program with Islamic values, such as character building.

Paradigma Integrated Twin Towers dalam Studi Hubungan Internasional Kontemporer Moh. Fathoni Hakim
Journal of Integrative International Relations Vol. 3 No. 2 (2017): November
Publisher : Department of International Relations, State Islamic University (UIN) of Sunan Ampel Surabaya, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15642/jiir.2017.3.2.1 - 17

Integrated Twin Towers paradigm that is embraced by UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya stresses on the relation between science and social knowledge with Islamic knowledge which are not being overlapped, but are complementing. Paradigmatic discussion of contemporary international relations study offers an opportunity for Integrated Twin Towers paradigm to fulfill a paradigmatic limitedness within such study, especially for alternatives on Islamic knowledge. The International Relations Department in UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya gives some offerings in translating Integrated Twin Towers paradigm at the smallest level of university. First, creating some courses that consist of Islamic study. Second, preparing for (regulations of) student research. Third, integration between student competency program with Islamic values, such as character building.

GLOBALISASI & IDENTITAS NASIONAL: KONFIGURASI STANDAR HALAL INTERNASIONAL & NASIONAL DI DUNIA ISLAM DALAM TINJAUAN RELASIONAL-INTERSUBJEKTIF: CONFIGURATION OF INTERNATIONAL & NATIONAL HALAL STANDARDS IN THE ISLAMIC WORLD IN RELATIONAL-INTERSUBJECTIVE APPROACH Moh. Fathoni Hakim
Jisiera: The Journal of Islamic Studies and International Relations Vol. 6 No. 2 (2023): Jisiera Volume 6, Oktober, 2023
Publisher : The Indonesian Islamic Studies and International Relations Association (Insiera)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10029307

Discussions about international halal standards, to this day there is no global halal concept that is universally used. In the Islamic world itself, member countries of the OIC (Organization of Islamic Cooperation) initiated the international halal standard SMIIC (The Standards and Metrology Institute for Islamic Countries) since 2010. But to this day, when OIC member countries conduct international halal trade with other countries members, still use the national halal standards. There is competition between international halal standardization and national halal standards. Or it can also be said that globalization and national identity are fighting, competing for influence in the interpretation of the halal concept. By using a relational-intersubjective approach, this study maps the relationship between the subject “I” and the reality of “phenomen” in viewing international halal standards. Humans will definitely look for meaning in their reality. This framework of thinking is then developed into an intersubjective relation model which requires the relationship between subjects in understanding reality. Reality should not be understood monotonically by one particular subject, but there must be communicative action between subjects in building reality together. International halal standards cannot be monopolized by the interests of certain subjects. There must be communication between subjects to provide a compromise space in formulating international halal standards. This is where globalization and national identity dialogue make compromises in a balanced way.

Competing Global and Local Halal Standards: Indonesia's Strategy in Increasing Halal Food Exports After Ratifying SMIIC Hakim, Moh. Fathoni; Amaliyah, Ridha
Journal of Digital Marketing and Halal Industry Vol. 6 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Islam UIN Walisongo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/jdmhi.2024.6.2.23610

This study examines the obstacles and strategies for Indonesia in harmonizing the global halal standards of SMIIC (The Standards and Metrology Institute for Islamic Countries) to enhance halal food exports to OIC (Organization of Islamic Cooperation) member countries. Using a descriptive qualitative approach, data were collected through observations, interviews with halal stakeholders, and documentation. The findings reveal several barriers to harmonization, including the voluntary nature of SMIIC standards, the fact that approximately 35% of OIC countries have not joined SMIIC, and differences in Islamic schools of thought among member countries. Additional challenges include internal constraints, such as the classification of many OIC countries as Least Developed Countries (LDCs), the dominance of halal food suppliers from non-Muslim countries, and market protection policies. To address these challenges, Indonesia has adopted a localization strategy by establishing Mutual Recognition Arrangements (MRAs) with foreign halal certification bodies. By the end of 2024, Indonesia aims to achieve 92 MRAs, which act as a "middle ground" between global and local halal standards and have proven effective in increasing halal food exports to OIC member countries. The implications of this study highlight MRAs as a viable policy model for balancing local and global interests while strengthening Indonesia's economic ties with Muslim nations. This strategy demonstrates that standard localization within a global framework offers a pragmatic solution to the challenges of halal harmonization, thereby reinforcing Indonesia's role in the international halal market.

Competing Global and Local Halal Standards: Indonesia's Strategy in Increasing Halal Food Exports After Ratifying SMIIC Hakim, Moh. Fathoni; Amaliyah, Ridha
Journal of Digital Marketing and Halal Industry Vol. 6 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Islam UIN Walisongo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/jdmhi.2024.6.2.23610

This study examines the obstacles and strategies for Indonesia in harmonizing the global halal standards of SMIIC (The Standards and Metrology Institute for Islamic Countries) to enhance halal food exports to OIC (Organization of Islamic Cooperation) member countries. Using a descriptive qualitative approach, data were collected through observations, interviews with halal stakeholders, and documentation. The findings reveal several barriers to harmonization, including the voluntary nature of SMIIC standards, the fact that approximately 35% of OIC countries have not joined SMIIC, and differences in Islamic schools of thought among member countries. Additional challenges include internal constraints, such as the classification of many OIC countries as Least Developed Countries (LDCs), the dominance of halal food suppliers from non-Muslim countries, and market protection policies. To address these challenges, Indonesia has adopted a localization strategy by establishing Mutual Recognition Arrangements (MRAs) with foreign halal certification bodies. By the end of 2024, Indonesia aims to achieve 92 MRAs, which act as a "middle ground" between global and local halal standards and have proven effective in increasing halal food exports to OIC member countries. The implications of this study highlight MRAs as a viable policy model for balancing local and global interests while strengthening Indonesia's economic ties with Muslim nations. This strategy demonstrates that standard localization within a global framework offers a pragmatic solution to the challenges of halal harmonization, thereby reinforcing Indonesia's role in the international halal market.

Sekuritisasi Keamanan dan Keselamatan Wisatawan Pada Beberapa Destinasi Wisata Pantai di Kabupaten Malang Oleh Dinas Pariwisata dan Kebudayaan Kabupaten Malang Nasywaa, Nadiilah Agatha; Hakim, Moh. Fathoni
Innovative: Journal Of Social Science Research Vol. 5 No. 4 (2025): Innovative: Journal Of Social Science Research
Publisher : Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstrak Destinasi wisata pantai di Kabupaten Malang masih menghadapi tantangan keamanan dan keselamatan wisatawan, tata kelola dan kesadaran wisatawan yang belum optimal menjadi faktor meningkatnya resiko kecelakaan pada destinasi wisata. Penelitian ini bertujuan menjelaskan bagaimana Dinas Pariwisata dan Kebudayaan Kabupaten Malang membingkai isu keamanan dan keselamatan wisatawan sebagai ancaman dan memerlukan tindakan luar biasa. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitif deskriptif dengan teknik wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aktor membangun narasi ancaman melalui pernyataan sehingga memunculkan proses sekuritisasi. Proses sekuritisasi dinilai berhasil karena adanya kesadaran akan ancaman terhadap wisatawan dan memunculkan tindakan seperti evaluasi tata kelola dan kerjasama antar pihak. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini Dinas Pariwisata dan Kebudayaan Kabupaten Malang melakukan sekuritisasi keamanan wisatawan dengan menyoroti tata kelola dan kesadaran wisatawan yang belum optimal sebagai ancaman eksistensial. Kata Kunci: Destinasi Pantai, Keamanan Wisatawan, Pemerintah Daerah, Sekuritisasi Abstract Beach tourism destinations in Malang Regency still face challenges in tourist security and safety, suboptimal governance and awareness of tourists are factors that increase the risk of accidents at tourist destinations. This study aims to explain how the Malang Regency Tourism and Culture Office frames the issue of tourist security and safety as a threat and requires extraordinary action. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach with interview and documentation techniques. The results of the study show that actors build threat narratives through statements, thus giving rise to a securitization process. The securitization process is considered successful because there is awareness of the threat to tourists and gives rise to actions such as evaluating governance and cooperation between parties. The conclusion of this study is that the Malang Regency Tourism and Culture Office securitizes tourist security by highlighting suboptimal governance and awareness of tourists as an existential threat. Keywords: Beach Destinations, Tourist Security, Local Government, Securitization

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