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All Journal Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
T. Gopalakrishnan
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Public Health

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Evaluation of Oral Manifestations of Patients with Parkinson’s Disease–An Observational Study T. Gopalakrishnan; K.M.K. Mastan; P.E. Chandra Mouli; Naga Leela Guntuku; Priyadharshini A; G. Florence Sangeetha
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 4 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i4.16908

Abstract

Background: Parkinson’s disease is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder which affectsaround four million people globally.Many of the signs of Parkinson’s disease are found in the head andneck. The typical “masklike” facial appearance with infrequent blinking and lack of expression is causedby bradykinesis.. Abnormalities in oral behaviour, such as purposeless chewing, grinding, and suckingmovements, are also well recognized in patients with Parkinson’s disease.Aim and Objectives: The aim of this study is to assess the overall oral health status of the patients withParkinson’s disease and to analyze the impact of Parkinson’s disease on the oral cavity of the individualssurviving with the disease.Materials and Methods: The study sample included 50 Parkinson’s disease patients. The patients of all agegroups and both genders were included.Results: Out of fifty patients. majority of the patient s were above 60 yrs. 6% of the patients reported withPositive family history of Parkinson’s diseases.14% of the patients had gross facial asymmetry, 68% of thepatients showed dryness of mouth.8% of the patients suffered loss of taste.14% of the patients showed hypersalivation. 54% of the patients showed gingivitis. And 76% of the patients were found having periodontitis.Conclusion: Treatment for oral and dental problems of Parkinson’s disease affected patients is mandatory.Treatment can be done by supplementing artificial saliva for dryness of mouth, dental fillings for dentalcaries, periodic scaling for periodontal problems, oral rehabilitation measures and regular dental check up
Dental Panoramic Radiographs as Early Signs of Osteoporosis in Pre and Post Menopausal Women – An Observational Study P.E. Chandra Mouli; Madhavan Prasad; T. Gopalakrishnan
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 4 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i4.17015

Abstract

Osteoporosis is defined as “a skeletal disorder characterized by low bone mass and micro architecturaldeterioration of bone tissue leading to enhanced bone fragility, with consequent increase in fracture risk”. Anosteoporotic fracture is an outcome of trauma to bone of compromised strength, commonly first occurringin the vertebral bodies and distal radius, both sites composed predominantly of medullary (trabecular) bone.Osteoporosis is an extremely common disease affecting most women during their lifetime. Osteoporosisreduces bone density, affecting the bone mass and strength without altering the basic chemical composition.Declining estrogen levels during and after menopause lead to increase bone resorption and increased urinaryexcretion of calcium. Thus, estrogen deficiency plays a primary role in osteoporosis, accounting for up toone half of the bone lost during a women’s lifetime.Oral signs of osteoporosis might be manifested by excessive alveolar ridge resorption, tooth loss, chronicdestructive periodontal disease, referred maxillary sinus pain, or fracture.Radiographic evaluation of post-menopausal women and patients with advanced renal failure demonstratedthe loss of cortical bone at the mandible.The purpose of the study is to evaluate relationship between various oral signs the probability of thisrelationship excising in certain patients and to access cortical bone thickness measurements using panoramicradiographs.
Co-Authors G. Florence Sangeetha K.M.K. Mastan Madhavan Prasad Naga Leela Guntuku P.E. Chandra Mouli Priyadharshini A