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THE READING OF NEW TESTAMENT BIBLE MANUSCRIPTS IN THE BYZANTINE TEXT Simanjuntak, Ferry; Suwandi, Markus; A. Usmanij, Petrus
Jurnal Lektur Keagamaan Vol 20 No 2 (2022): Bahasa Inggris
Publisher : Center for Research and Development of Religious Literature and Heritage, Agency for Research and Development and Training, Ministry of Religious Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1492.158 KB) | DOI: 10.31291/jlka.v20i2.1082

Abstract

ABSTRACT This article aims to apply intertextual reading in the science of herme­neutical exegesis, especially in the New Testament (NT) which are narrative in nature. The messages of the Bible are often misunderstood becau­se readers only rely on translations that are inadequate and lack the depth of meaning of the original text. Hebrew is one of three languages along with Aramaic, and Koine Greek in which God chose to communicate His Word. Reading the New Testament in its original text will reveal a deeper meaning than the translated version. This paper uses a descriptive qualitative method approach with literature study as the main method. The original text analyzed is the canonical text of the Byzantine NT. Through a hermeneutic approach, this text is read to understand and comprehend theological mes­sages in a comprehend­sive perspective. The results of this study conclude that reading the original text of the New Testament provides a more contextual and applicable theolo­gical understanding and understand­ding related to Christian doctrine. Keywords: Bizantine Text, Canon, Koine Greek, Manuscript, New Testament. ABSTRAK Tujuan artikel ini menerapkan pembacaan intertektualitas dalam ilmu eksegese hermeneutika, khususnya pada genre teks di Perjanjian Baru (PB) yang bersifat naratif. Pesan-pesan Alkitab seringkali disalahpahami karena pembaca hanya mengandalkan terjemahan yang kurang mencukupi dan memiliki kedalaman makna dari teks aslinya. Bahasa Ibrani adalah salah satu dari tiga bahasa bersama Aram, dan Yunani Koine di mana Allah memilih untuk mengkomunikasikan Firman-Nya. Pembacaan Kitab PB dalam teks originalnya akan mengungkapkan makna mendalam yang Allah ungkapkan pada pembaca dalam konteks saat ini. Tulisan ini menggunakan pendekatan metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan studi literatur sebagai basis datanya. Teks original yang dianalisa adalah teks Byzantine PB yang kanon. Melalui pendekatan hermeneutic, teks ini dibaca untuk mengerti dan memahami pesan-pesan teologis dalam perspektif yang benar. Hasil peneli­tian ini menyim­pulkan bahwa pembacaan teks original PB menghasilkan pengertian, dan pemahaman teologis yang lebih kontekstual serta aplikatif terkait dengan doktrin Kristen.  Kata Kunci: Kanon, Manuskrip, Perjanjian Baru, Teks Byzantium, Yunani Koine,
Makna Kebebasan Dalam Filsafat Klasik Dan Relevansinya Bagi Kebebasan Manusia Modern Deak, Victor; Suwandi, Markus; Bin Nidin, Solihin
Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Humaniora Vol. 2 No. 1 (2026): JANUARI-MARET
Publisher : Indo Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63822/1twvz394

Abstract

  This study explores the concept of freedom in classical philosophy by examining its relevance for constructing individual freedom in the modern context. Within contemporary culture where freedom is often reduced to absolute autonomy devoid of ethical grounding there emerges a crisis of meaning expressed through nihilism, hedonism, and radical individualism. Through a hermeneutical-philosophical approach, this study reinterprets the views of classical philosophers such as Socrates, Plato, Aristotle, and the Stoics, who understand freedom not as the absence of limits but as a moral and rational disposition that directs human beings toward self-mastery (enkrateia), practical wisdom (phronēsis), and a life in harmony with the cosmic moral order. The analysis shows that the classical philosophical tradition conceives freedom as a dual existential structure: external freedom, which demands liberation from external domination, and internal freedom, which is realized through moral discipline, the ordering of the soul, and the alignment of the will with logos. This perspective offers a corrective framework to modern conceptions of freedom that tend to be fragmented between the assertion of individual rights and a crisis of moral orientation. The theoretical gap addressed in this research lies in the absence of a comprehensive integration between classical virtue ethics and modern theories of freedom centered on subjective autonomy. The novelty of this study is its presentation of a conceptual synthesis that situates freedom as a dynamic relationship between rights, rationality, and moral responsibility. Thus, the study underscores the urgency of restoring a paradigm of freedom grounded in moral excellence not merely as a theoretical discourse but as a foundation for cultivating mature and responsible individual freedom.
The Role of the Church in Building Family Spirituality of Church Members Ginting, Jamsen; Simanjuntak, Ferry; Suwandi, Markus
International Journal of Social and Management Studies Vol. 3 No. 2 (2022): International Journal of Social and Management Studies (IJOSMAS)
Publisher : IJOSMAS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (428.737 KB) | DOI: 10.5555/ijosmas.v3i2.186

Abstract

The Covid-19 outbreak has changed human life, especially family spirituality. Church role to serve congregation and families experienced obstacles and changed the interaction between the church and the congregation from face-to-face interactions to infrequently distant interactions. The shocks in church services impacted church strategy in build spirituality of families and congregations that were not maximized and not consistent. The church needs time, money and energy in adapting to government regulations, following health protocols, maintaining the health of the congregation and continuing to serve the congregation within limitations. Paul's pastoral letter in Colossians 3:18-21, reminds all household members to carry out their respective roles according to God's word. Colossians letter became a guidance for families to continue to experience spiritual growth by making God as the Leader in the family. Colossians letter also as a guidance for church leaders to mobilize family worship of the congregation in building family spirituality. The church made a quick response to build families spirituality of church members by increasing church servant competence, providing technology facilities and infrastructure in serving the congregation. Through this study, the authors found the patterns of church worship and cell groups that developed through online worship. Family services have also begun to be carried out online with the active participation of family members. Colossians letter also as a guidance for church leaders to mobilize family worship of the congregation in building family spirituality. The church made a quick response to build families spirituality of church members by increasing church servant competence, providing technology facilities and infrastructure in serving the congregation. Through this study, the authors found the patterns of church worship and cell groups that developed through online worship. Family services have also begun to be carried out online with the active participation of family members. Colossians letter also as a guidance for church leaders to mobilize family worship of the congregation in building family spirituality. The church made a quick response to build families spirituality of church members by increasing church servant competence, providing technology facilities and infrastructure in serving the congregation. Through this study, the authors found the patterns of church worship and cell groups that developed through online worship. Family services have also begun to be carried out online with the active participation of family members. the authors found the patterns of church worship and cell groups that developed through online worship. Family services have also begun to be carried out online with the active participation of family members. the authors found the patterns of church worship and cell groups that developed through online worship. Family services have also begun to be carried out online with the active participation of family members.