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Pusat Biomedis dan Teknologi Dasar Kesehatan, Badan Litbangkes

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Kajian Penyakit Kecacingan Hymenolepis Nana -, Anorital
Jurnal Biotek Medisiana Indonesia Vol 3, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Central Basic Biomedical and Health Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (361.619 KB)

Abstract

Hymenolepiasis is the most common cestode parasite in the human body. Infections are seen more often among children. Hymenolepiasis found at children in the tropical and subtropical area. Cause of hymenolepiasis is Hymenolepis nana that is dwarf tapeworm live in the intestines of rats and human. Prevalence of the disease range from less than 1%--25 %. In Indonesia from various result of survey and epidemiology study, prevalence hymenolepiasis range from 0,3%--5,4%. Generally the patient are children of age 2-15 year. Diagnosis for hymenolepiasis is done by examining stool for eggs. Drug given is niklosamide or praziquantel.Control effort helminth infection enforceable if supported by existing policy and addressed for protection and prevention of school age children. Medication given pursuant to examining stool for eggs H. nana will be effective and efficient. Personal hygiene and environmental sanitation (safe drinking water, good sewage and refuse disposal, and rodent control) are important factor in preventing disease. Others behavior of clean life and make healthy especially for children represent important factor in the effort disease prevention.Keywords: Hymenolepiasis, Hymenolepis nana, Helminth diseases. AbstrakHymenolepiasis adalah parasit cacing cestoda yang umumnya ada di tubuh manusia. Infeksi lebih sering terjadi pada anak-anak. Hymenolepiasis ditemukan pada anak-anak di daerah tropis dan sub tropis. Penyebab hymenolepiasis adalah Hymenolepis nana yang disebut juga cacing pita kerdil berada dalam saluran pencernaan tikus dan manusia. Prevalens hymenolepiasis antara kurang dari 1% sampai dengan 25%. Di Indonesia dari berbagai hasil survei dan studi epidemiologi, prevalens hymenolepiasis antara 0,3%--5,4%. Umumnya penderita adalah anak-anak usia 2-15 tahun. Diagnosis hymenolepiasis ditegakkan dengan pemeriksaan tinja guna mendapatkan telur cacing. Obat yang diberikan adalah niklosamide atau praziquantel.Upaya pengendalian penyakit kecacingan dapat dilaksanakan jika didukung oleh kebijakan dan pencegahan serta perlindungan pada anak-anak usia sekolah. Pengobatan yang efektif dan efisien dapat diberikan jika dalam pemeriksaan ditemukan telur cacing Hymenolepis nana. Personal higiene dan upaya sanitasi lingkungan (penyediaan air minum yang aman, pengelolaan limbah dan pembuangan sampah yang baik, dan pengendalian tikus) adalah faktor penting dalam pencegahan penyakit. Perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat terutama bagi anak-anak merupakan faktor penting dalam upaya pencegahan penyakit.Kata Kunci : Hymenolepiasis, Hymenolepis nana, Helminth diseases
KAJIAN EPIDEMIOLOGI PENYAKIT INFEKSI SALURAN PENCERNAAN YANG DISEBABKAN OLEH AMUBA DI INDONESIA -, Anorital; Andayasari, Lelly
Media Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan Vol 21, No 1 Mar (2011)
Publisher : Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/mpk.v21i1 Mar.110.

Abstract

The intestinal infection caused by amoeba is one of the three diarrhea causes appears to be a public health problem with high incidence in the community. Amebiasis is caused by Entamoeba histolytica, can be differentiated from non pathogen Entamoeba hartmanni and Entamoeba coli. Morphologically of Entamoeba histolytica and Entamoeba dispar are very similar. However, based on the diagnosis utilizing molecular examination technique, in fact, the main cause of amebiasis is Entamoeba dispar. Amoeba dysentry can be found arround the world, having cosmopolite characteristic with incidences varying between 3-10%. In the developed countries with relatively better hygiene and sanitation, amoebiasis incidence is between 2-11%. In Indonesia, the amoebiasis incidence is`quite high, in the range of 10-18%. Whereas the mortality caused by amoebiasis is high enough between 1.9?9.1%, second rank after malaria. Several kinds of amoeba dysentri medicines were used, but Metronidazole is proven as the effective drug of choice for Entamoeba histolytica, both the cyste and trophozoite forms with minor side effect to the patients. Good personal hygiene and environmental sanitation practices are the major factors of this disease prevention. The main principle to prevent the spreading of amoebiasis infection is to cut the link of infection sources to human beings. Personal hygiene is focused on the management of individual behaviour, meanwhile environmental sanitation prevention focus lies on the better environmental management to cut the link of disease cycle.