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Karakterisasi Ras Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense dengan Metode Vegetative Compatibility Group Test dan Identifikasi Kultivar Pisang yang Terserang Nasir, N; -, Jumjumidang
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 13, No 4 (2003): DESEMBER 2003
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticultural Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Beberapa isolat Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc) di Sumatera Barat telah dikoleksi untuk mengkaji karakterisasi, distribusi, serta kultivar-kultivar pisang yang terserang. Penelitian dilakukan dari bulan Mei 1999 sampai dengan bulan Maret 2000 di enam dari 14 Daerah Tingkat II, yaitu Solok, Tanah Datar, Agam, Bukit Tinggi, Padang, dan Sawahlunto Sijunjung. Isolat Foc dikumpulkan dari tanaman pisang yang memperlihatkan gejala luar terserang Foc. Isolat-isolat ini selanjutnya dimurnikan dengan teknik spora tunggal dan ras Foc diidentifikasi secara vegetative compatibility group (VCG). Gejala layu fusarium ditemukan di semua lokasi penelitian pada 15 kultivar pisang, baik pisang buah meja seperti pisang buai (AAA), pisang raja serai/sereh (AAB), dan pisang ambon (AAA), maupun pisang olahan seperti pisang kepok (ABB/BBB). Tiga puluh tujuh isolat Foc dikoleksi dari jaringan vaskular pisang yang memperlihatkan gejala luar serangan Foc. Isolat-isolat tersebut terkelompok ke dalam vegetative com- patibility group 0120, 0124, 0125, 01213, 01215, 01216, 0128, dan 01219. Tiga puluh dua dari 37 isolat Foc yang dikoleksi ini diidentifikasi sebagai Foc ras 4, yaitu VGC 0120, 01213, 01215, 01216, dan 01219. Sedangkan lima isolat lainnya termasuk ke dalam  VCG 0124 dan 01218 Foc ras 1. Isolat VCG 01216 ditemukan di semua lokasi pengamatan pada 14 dari 15 kultivar terserang Foc. Sedangkan VCG 0120 hanya di temukan di Padang. Distribusi dari VCG lainnya lebih bervariasi di setiap daerah pengamatan. Kultivar cavendish (buai, AAA) yang dinyatakan resisten terhadap ras 1, ternyata ditemukan diserang oleh Foc ras 1 VCG 01218. Kultivar kepok yang diakui tahan terhadap Foc ras 4 dan merupakan salah satu kultivar andalan di Sumatera Barat, ditemukan diserang oleh Foc ras 4 VCG 0120, 01215, 01216, dan 01219, kultivar ini bahkan juga diserang oleh Foc ras 1 VCG 0124. Kata kunci: Pisang; Vegetative compatibilty group; Ras; Fusarium oxysporum cubense; Distribusi. ABSTRACT. Several isolates of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc) in West Sumatera have been collected to investigate their characterizations, distributions, and cultivars affected. The research was conducted from May 1999 to March 2000 in six out of 14 dis- tricts of this province: Solok, Tanah Datar, Agam, Bukit Tinggi, Padang, and Sawahlunto Sijunjung. Isolates derived from diseased plant showing external Foc symptoms. Pure isolate was resulted by using single spore techniques (sst) then race of Foc were identified based on vegetative compatibility group (VCG) test. Wilt Fusarium symptoms were found in 15 banana cultivars at six (out of 14) districts in West Sumatera. The attacked cultivars included popular des- sert bananas in West Sumatera are pisang buai (AAA), pisang raja serai/sereh (AAB) and pisang ambon (AAA). The most popular cooking banana, pisang kepok (ABB/BBB) was also succumbed to Foc. Thirty seven isolates of the pathogen Foc have been collected from cultivars with symptoms of Foc. The isolates were grouped into vegetative compatibility groups (VCGs) 0120, 0124, 01213, 01215, 01216, 01218, and 01219. Thirty two out of the 37 isolates were identified as Foc race 4 in VCG 0120, 01213, 01215, 01216, and 01219. While five isolates were grouped into VCG 0124 and 01218 Foc race 1. Isolat VCG 01216 distributed widely in all of the observed areas in the 14 out of 15 cultivars infected with Foc. In contrast, VCG 0120 was only found in the district of Padang among the six of observed areas. Cavendish cultivar buai AAA which is stated resistant to Foc ras 1, surprisingly, was infected by Foc race 1 VCG 01218 in this study. Kepok which is formerly considered resistant to Foc race 4, was attacked by VCG 0120, 01215, 01216, and 01219, those all are race 4 of Foc. Ironically, kepok was also succumbed to Foc race 1 VCG 0124.
Penyakit Layu Panama pada Pisang: Observasi Ras 4 Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense di Jawa Barat Nasir, N; -, Jumjumidang; Meldia, Y
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 13, No 4 (2003): DESEMBER 2003
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticultural Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui keberadaan ras 4 F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc) di daerah pertanaman pisang rakyat di Jawa Barat, serta kultivar pisang yang diserangnya. Ras 4 adalah ras Foc yang paling ganas dari patogen tular tanah ini. Pengumpulan data di lapang dilakukan selama 10 hari pada bulan Oktober 1999. Uji ras 4 dengan volatile odour test (VOT) dilakukan di laboratorium Penyakit Balai Penelitian Tanaman Buah Solok, dari bulan Nopember 1999 sampai dengan Februari 2000. Penentuan lokasi pengambilan sampel didasarkan pada daerah yang terserang layu panama yang disebabkan oleh Foc yang diinformasikan oleh Dinas Pertanian Tk. I Jawa Barat. Uji VOT untuk setiap isolat diulang sebanyak lima kali. Selama di lapang, berhasil dikoleksi 18 isolat Foc yang berasal dari 12 kultivar pisang di tujuh lokasi. Enam belas (88,8%) dari 18 isolat menghasilkan aroma aldehid saat VOT dilakukan. Satu isolat tidak menghasilkan aroma aldehid, sedangkan satu isolat lagi tidak dapat dimurnikan. Hasil penelitian ini menggambarkan bahwa penyakit layu panama yang menyerang pertanaman pisang di Jawa Barat, didominasi oleh Foc ras 4. Penelitian ini juga mengindikasikan pentingnya pemetaan sebaran Foc, untuk mendukung pengembangan agribisnis pisang Indonesia di masa depan. Kata kunci: Pisang; Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense; Ras 4; Penyakit layu panama; VOT ABSTRACT. The study was  purposed to  investigate F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc) race 4 in bananas in West Jawa, and cultivars affected. Race 4 is the most virulence race of this soilborne pathogen. Data were collected within 10 days during October 1999. Volatile odour test (VOT) was conducted at the laboratory of Plant Pathology of the Indonesian Fruit Research Institute in Solok, from Novem- ber 1999 to February 2000. Sampling area was chosen on the basis of affected area by panama wilt disease those in- formed by Dinas Pertanian Tk. I, of West Jawa. The test of each isolate was replicated fives times. During this study, 18 Foc isolates have been collected derived from 12 cultivars in seven areas. Sixteen (88,8%) of the 18 isolates pro- duced aldehyde when they were tested with the VOT. One isolate did produce aldehyde odour, while another was con- taminated. Results of this study indicated that panama wilt disease in West Jawa, was dominated by Foc race 4. It also indicated how important of the Foc map was in supporting the future of commercial banana plantations development in Indonesia.
Penyakit Layu Panama pada Pisang: Observasi Ras 4 Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense di Jawa Barat N Nasir; Jumjumidang -; Y Meldia
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 13, No 4 (2003): DESEMBER 2003
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticulture Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jhort.v13n4.2003.p269-275

Abstract

Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui keberadaan ras 4 F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc) di daerah pertanaman pisang rakyat di Jawa Barat, serta kultivar pisang yang diserangnya. Ras 4 adalah ras Foc yang paling ganas dari patogen tular tanah ini. Pengumpulan data di lapang dilakukan selama 10 hari pada bulan Oktober 1999. Uji ras 4 dengan volatile odour test (VOT) dilakukan di laboratorium Penyakit Balai Penelitian Tanaman Buah Solok, dari bulan Nopember 1999 sampai dengan Februari 2000. Penentuan lokasi pengambilan sampel didasarkan pada daerah yang terserang layu panama yang disebabkan oleh Foc yang diinformasikan oleh Dinas Pertanian Tk. I Jawa Barat. Uji VOT untuk setiap isolat diulang sebanyak lima kali. Selama di lapang, berhasil dikoleksi 18 isolat Foc yang berasal dari 12 kultivar pisang di tujuh lokasi. Enam belas (88,8%) dari 18 isolat menghasilkan aroma aldehid saat VOT dilakukan. Satu isolat tidak menghasilkan aroma aldehid, sedangkan satu isolat lagi tidak dapat dimurnikan. Hasil penelitian ini menggambarkan bahwa penyakit layu panama yang menyerang pertanaman pisang di Jawa Barat, didominasi oleh Foc ras 4. Penelitian ini juga mengindikasikan pentingnya pemetaan sebaran Foc, untuk mendukung pengembangan agribisnis pisang Indonesia di masa depan. Kata kunci: Pisang; Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense; Ras 4; Penyakit layu panama; VOT ABSTRACT. The study was  purposed to  investigate F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc) race 4 in bananas in West Jawa, and cultivars affected. Race 4 is the most virulence race of this soilborne pathogen. Data were collected within 10 days during October 1999. Volatile odour test (VOT) was conducted at the laboratory of Plant Pathology of the Indonesian Fruit Research Institute in Solok, from Novem- ber 1999 to February 2000. Sampling area was chosen on the basis of affected area by panama wilt disease those in- formed by Dinas Pertanian Tk. I, of West Jawa. The test of each isolate was replicated fives times. During this study, 18 Foc isolates have been collected derived from 12 cultivars in seven areas. Sixteen (88,8%) of the 18 isolates pro- duced aldehyde when they were tested with the VOT. One isolate did produce aldehyde odour, while another was con- taminated. Results of this study indicated that panama wilt disease in West Jawa, was dominated by Foc race 4. It also indicated how important of the Foc map was in supporting the future of commercial banana plantations development in Indonesia.
Karakterisasi Ras Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense dengan Metode Vegetative Compatibility Group Test dan Identifikasi Kultivar Pisang yang Terserang N Nasir; Jumjumidang -
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 13, No 4 (2003): DESEMBER 2003
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticulture Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jhort.v13n4.2003.p276-284

Abstract

Beberapa isolat Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc) di Sumatera Barat telah dikoleksi untuk mengkaji karakterisasi, distribusi, serta kultivar-kultivar pisang yang terserang. Penelitian dilakukan dari bulan Mei 1999 sampai dengan bulan Maret 2000 di enam dari 14 Daerah Tingkat II, yaitu Solok, Tanah Datar, Agam, Bukit Tinggi, Padang, dan Sawahlunto Sijunjung. Isolat Foc dikumpulkan dari tanaman pisang yang memperlihatkan gejala luar terserang Foc. Isolat-isolat ini selanjutnya dimurnikan dengan teknik spora tunggal dan ras Foc diidentifikasi secara vegetative compatibility group (VCG). Gejala layu fusarium ditemukan di semua lokasi penelitian pada 15 kultivar pisang, baik pisang buah meja seperti pisang buai (AAA), pisang raja serai/sereh (AAB), dan pisang ambon (AAA), maupun pisang olahan seperti pisang kepok (ABB/BBB). Tiga puluh tujuh isolat Foc dikoleksi dari jaringan vaskular pisang yang memperlihatkan gejala luar serangan Foc. Isolat-isolat tersebut terkelompok ke dalam vegetative com- patibility group 0120, 0124, 0125, 01213, 01215, 01216, 0128, dan 01219. Tiga puluh dua dari 37 isolat Foc yang dikoleksi ini diidentifikasi sebagai Foc ras 4, yaitu VGC 0120, 01213, 01215, 01216, dan 01219. Sedangkan lima isolat lainnya termasuk ke dalam  VCG 0124 dan 01218 Foc ras 1. Isolat VCG 01216 ditemukan di semua lokasi pengamatan pada 14 dari 15 kultivar terserang Foc. Sedangkan VCG 0120 hanya di temukan di Padang. Distribusi dari VCG lainnya lebih bervariasi di setiap daerah pengamatan. Kultivar cavendish (buai, AAA) yang dinyatakan resisten terhadap ras 1, ternyata ditemukan diserang oleh Foc ras 1 VCG 01218. Kultivar kepok yang diakui tahan terhadap Foc ras 4 dan merupakan salah satu kultivar andalan di Sumatera Barat, ditemukan diserang oleh Foc ras 4 VCG 0120, 01215, 01216, dan 01219, kultivar ini bahkan juga diserang oleh Foc ras 1 VCG 0124. Kata kunci: Pisang; Vegetative compatibilty group; Ras; Fusarium oxysporum cubense; Distribusi. ABSTRACT. Several isolates of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc) in West Sumatera have been collected to investigate their characterizations, distributions, and cultivars affected. The research was conducted from May 1999 to March 2000 in six out of 14 dis- tricts of this province: Solok, Tanah Datar, Agam, Bukit Tinggi, Padang, and Sawahlunto Sijunjung. Isolates derived from diseased plant showing external Foc symptoms. Pure isolate was resulted by using single spore techniques (sst) then race of Foc were identified based on vegetative compatibility group (VCG) test. Wilt Fusarium symptoms were found in 15 banana cultivars at six (out of 14) districts in West Sumatera. The attacked cultivars included popular des- sert bananas in West Sumatera are pisang buai (AAA), pisang raja serai/sereh (AAB) and pisang ambon (AAA). The most popular cooking banana, pisang kepok (ABB/BBB) was also succumbed to Foc. Thirty seven isolates of the pathogen Foc have been collected from cultivars with symptoms of Foc. The isolates were grouped into vegetative compatibility groups (VCGs) 0120, 0124, 01213, 01215, 01216, 01218, and 01219. Thirty two out of the 37 isolates were identified as Foc race 4 in VCG 0120, 01213, 01215, 01216, and 01219. While five isolates were grouped into VCG 0124 and 01218 Foc race 1. Isolat VCG 01216 distributed widely in all of the observed areas in the 14 out of 15 cultivars infected with Foc. In contrast, VCG 0120 was only found in the district of Padang among the six of observed areas. Cavendish cultivar buai AAA which is stated resistant to Foc ras 1, surprisingly, was infected by Foc race 1 VCG 01218 in this study. Kepok which is formerly considered resistant to Foc race 4, was attacked by VCG 0120, 01215, 01216, and 01219, those all are race 4 of Foc. Ironically, kepok was also succumbed to Foc race 1 VCG 0124.
Co-Authors N Nasir Y Meldia