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All Journal Journal of Islamic Medicine Jurnal Widya Medika
Hertanto, Yoseph Jeffry
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Medicine & Pharmacology

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Patofisiologi dan Manajemen Defisiensi Zat Besi pada Gagal Jantung: Sebuah Tinjauan Literatur Laksono, Sidhi; Hertanto, Yoseph Jeffry
Journal of Islamic Medicine Vol 7, No 2 (2023): JOURNAL OF ISLAMIC MEDICINE EDISI SEPTEMBER 2023
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18860/jim.v7i2.21513

Abstract

The human body needs iron to function. Deficiency of iron causes inefficient use of oxygen and decreased oxygen availability. Iron deficiency is diagnosed when serum ferritin concentration is less than 100 ng/ml or concentration of ferritin is 100-299 ng/mL with transferrin saturation less than 20% in patients with heart failure. Several possible mechanisms are proposed as a cause for iron deficiency, such as; decreased food intake, increase hepcidin secretion that causes poor iron absorption, inflammation of reticuloendothelial system that causes iron leakage and loss of blood from gastrointestinal tract. Management of iron deficiency in heart failure is focused on iron supplementation, either orally or intravenously. Oral iron supplementation is generally considered less effective and may cause severe gastrointestinal side effects. Current guidelines also support use of IV therapy. Currently, several novel therapies in development focus on iron metabolism.
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT OF IRON DEFICIENCY IN HEART FAILURE : A LITERATURE REVIEW Hertanto, Yoseph Jeffry; Kusuma, A.A.Ngr. Anindya
JURNAL WIDYA MEDIKA Vol. 10 No. 1 (2024): April
Publisher : FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN UNIVERSITAS KATOLIK WIDYA MANDALA SURABAYA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33508/jwm.v10i1.5530

Abstract

When the availability of iron is insufficient to meet the needs of the body with or without anemia, it is classified as iron deficiency characterized by a serum ferritin concentration of less than 100 ng/ml or a 100-299 ng/mL with a transferrin saturation (TSAT) less than 20% in patients with heart failure. Reduced intake, low iron absorption due to increased hepcidin secretion, iron secretion in the reticuloendothelial system as a result of inflammation, and blood loss from the gastrointestinal system are mechanisms believed to cause iron deficiency (ID). With 25–42% of Heart Failure (HF) patients having ID when anaemia is absent, ID is frequent regardless of the presence of anaemia in HF. ID management in HF requires a shift in the therapeutic focus from dealing with anemia to iron supplementation, both oral and intravenous (IV). Current guidelines also support the use of IV iron. New drugs also focus on iron metabolism, which these drugs are still in development.
Co-Authors Kusuma, A.A.Ngr. Anindya Laksono, Sidhi