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Nematodiasis in sheep and goats kept under traditional farming practice in Batujajar Beriajaya .
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 10, No 3 (2005): SEPTEMBER 2005
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (206.087 KB) | DOI: 10.14334/jitv.v10i3.443

Abstract

This study was conducted to determine the relation of age, sex, season and reproduction on gastrointestinal nematode parasitism of the two most commonly kept breeds of sheep and goat in Bogor district. A total of 119 Indonesian Thin Tail (ITT) sheep and 130 Peranakan Etawah (PE) goats with different age and sex were monitored for 16 months. Age of sheep and goat was divided into 3 groups respectively, i.e. before weaning (<4 months) 35 and 32, after weaning (4-8 months) 53 and 63; and adults (>8 months) 31 and 35. Each 4 weeks, individual faeces were collected and individual animals were weighed. Information on the mortality, morbidity, pregnancy, slaughtered and sold was recorded. The results showed that Haemonchus contortus and Trichostrongylus spp. were dominant species of nematodes found in the faecal cultured. In the period of monitoring, egg counts of nematodes in sheep were higher (P<0.05) than in goats, however both animals have similar pattern of egg counts. In the first three months, the egg counts remained steady relatively in 3 groups of age, but soon after that the egg counts increased and reached its peak (in March) of 6186 eggs in sheep and 3434 in goats, there after they decreased along with the onset of dry season. A part from this, the egg counts increased (P<0.05) three months before lambing and remained steady until 2 months after partus in sheep, but not in goats. During the monitoring period, weight gain in wet season was lower (P<0.05) as compared to dry season. There was no effect of sex on faecal egg count in either sheep or goats although male sheep had higher egg counts than female sheep had in November and January. Evidence of diarrhoeic faeces was higher in wet season than in dry season.     Key Words: Haemonchus contortus, Trichostronglysus spp., Sheep, Goats
The use of Wonnolas in controlling gastrointestinal nematode infections in sheep under traditional grazing management in Indonesia Beriajaya .; S.E. Estuningsih; Darmono .; M.R. Knox; D.R. Stoltz; A.J. Wilson
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 1, No 1 (1995)
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (653.332 KB) | DOI: 10.14334/jitv.v1i1.9

Abstract

Blocks containing 3% phenothiazine in solidified molasses (Wonnolas, Animeal Australia Ltd .) were tested to control gastrointestinal nematode infections and the effect on mineral status in sheep in villages in Cirebon, Indonesia. Two hundred and thirteen Javanese Thin Tail sheep which were grazed during the day and housed at night were divided into two groups on the basis of location . One group was allowed in an access to Wonnolas blocks when penned for 24 weeks while the other group remained untreated. The bodyweight was recorded and faecal samples were collected for egg counts and larval culture every four weeks. Sera and saliva samples were collected from 20 adult sheep in each group at weeks 0, 12 and 24 for mineral analysis by AAS and colorimetry. The results indicated that the mean egg counts of the treated group decreased from 576 epg to 123 epg and the percentage of sheep producing viable larvae decreased from 50% to 24%. In contrast egg counts of the control group increased from 768 epg to 4,840 epg and the percentage of sheep producing viable larvae increased from 65% to 84% over the same period . In the treated group the number of Haenronchus larvae declined significantly (36% to <6 %) and at the end of the trial Tiichostrongylus larvae predominanted in larval cultures (>80%) . Mineral analysis revealed deficiencies in sodium and copper, low levels of zinc and normal levels of potassium, calcium, magnesium and phosphorus . Wormolas had a significant effect on sodium and zinc status but not on copper although sufficient levels of this element were available. Comparison of bodyweight gains showed a significantly (P<0.05) higher rate of increase in the treated animals.
An estimate of seasonality and intensity of infection with gastrointestinal nematodes in sheep and goats . in West Java Beriajaya .; D.B Copeman
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 2, No 4 (1998)
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (800.856 KB) | DOI: 10.14334/jitv.v2i4.84

Abstract

Tracer Inoodle tbin-tail sheep and Kacang goats were used to measure the seasonal changes in gastrointestinal nematodes parasitism i ~'und[, .xillapek .Fodd~ 'ofis in West Java . Each 3 months for 12 months worm-free male sheep (5) and goats (5) about 5 months of age were ~ $Jri~tgldI o% ef- farmer, and managed as part of their flock for 2 months . Animals were then returned to the laboratory and maintained on "`~^taaan-ftwAiet in elevated slatted pens for 3 weeks prior to slaughter. In all  trials sheep had higher faecal egg counts than goats . Egg counts were significantly lower during the late dry-early wet season due mainly to lower burdens of Oesophagostomum spp. than at other times of the year. The predominant genera recovered from faecal larval cultures were Haemonchus and Trichostrongylus . At post mortem more than 94 percent of animals were infected with Trichostrongylus colubriformis, T. axei, Haemonchus contortus, Oesophagostomum columbianwn and Strongyloides papillosus . Other species found, in descending order of occurrence, were Cooperia curticei, Trichuris ovis, Bunostornum trigonocephalum, Oesophagostomumn asperum, Capillaria bovis and Gaigena pachycelis. It was concluded that intensity of exposure of both sheep and goats to H contortus, T. axei and C. curticei was similar throughout the year, but that availability of infectioe larvae of T. colubriformis was higher during the dry than the wet season and vise versa for O. columbianum . Sheep had higher burdens of T. Colubrzformis than goats but similar numbers of other species.   Keywords: Thin-tail sheep, kacang goats, tracer, gastrointestinal nematode
Control of Gastrointestinal Nematodes Infection in Small Ruminants by Nematophagous Fungi Riza Zainuddin Ahmad; Beriajaya .; S Hastiono
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 12, No 3 (2002)
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (221.129 KB) | DOI: 10.14334/wartazoa.v12i3.765

Abstract

The disease caused by gastrointestinal nematodes infection in small ruminants in Indonesia is quite unprofitable. Control with anthelmintic developed a negative effect of anthelmintic resistance and residue in tissue if anthelmintic are given routinely. Biological control is one of the control methods using microorganisms especially molds. The moulds can form traps and destroy the body of larvae and eggs by hife and produce toxins. Few isolates of nematophagous fungi such as Arthrobotrys spp. and Monacrosporium spp. were found from surveys done in West Java. Applications of these fungi as biological control against nematodiasis is promising as indicated from in vitro and in vivo studies.   Key words: Biological control, nematophagous fungi, small ruminants
Methods of Detection Anthelmintic Resistance in Sheep and Goats Dyah Haryuningtyas; Beriajaya .
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 12, No 2 (2002)
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (358.555 KB) | DOI: 10.14334/wartazoa.v12i2.769

Abstract

Anthelmintic resistance to gastrointestinal nematode of sheep and goats has been reported world wide to all of broad spectrum anthelmintic types currently available, such as benzimidazoles, levamizole and ivermectin. In South-East Asia anthelmintic resistance to small ruminants was reported in Malaysia, Thailand and Philippines. In Indonesia resistances to albendazole have been reported from sheep farm in Bogor. With regard to resistance cases, early detection for anthelmintic resistance on sheeps and goats to spesific types of anthelmintic that commonlly used are required to plan rationale strategic control program. Detection methods for anthelmintic resistance are Fecal Egg Count Reduction Test (FECRT), Egg Hatch Assay (EHA) and Larval Development Assay (LDA). LDA is an in vitro assay to detect anthelmintic resistant in the major of gastrointestinal nematodes on sheep and goats that have just been introduced in Indonesia. This paper explains the comparison of three detection methods and goodness of LDA compared with other two methods.   Key words: Anthelmintic resistance, sheep, goat, Fecal Egg Count Reduction Test (FECRT), Egg Hatch Assay (EHA), LarvalDevelopment Assay (LDA)