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All Journal Warta Ardhia : Jurnal Perhubungan Udara Warta Penelitian Perhubungan Langit Biru: Jurnal Ilmiah Aviasi Warta Penelitian Perhubungan Indonesian Journal of Aerospace
Indriyanto, Toto
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Aerospace Engineering Astronomy Automotive Engineering Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Education Engineering Environmental Science Transportation

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Prediction of Aerodynamic Characteristics for Commercial Aircraft based on Open-Source Cruise Flight Data Indriyanto, Toto; Hafizhuddin, Hafizhuddin
WARTA ARDHIA Vol. 50 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Sekretariat Badan Kebijakan Transportasi, Kementerian Perhubungan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25104/wa.v50i2.561.85-94

Abstract

Airplane characteristics are interesting to analyze. The characteristics are shown as aerodynamic, structural and propulsion performance which further shows how economical the aircraft is compared to other aircraft. With the development of automatic dependent surveillance - broadcast (ADS-B), open source commercial aircraft flight data can be obtained easily. This study is performed to develop algorithm that can be used to predict aircraft aerodynamic coefficients. The algorithm is a collection of equations developed and simplified in previous studies. It is then used to estimate mass, lift, drag, and thrust forces, lift and drag coefficients, as well as fuel flow of an aircraft throughout the flight based on open source flight data, such as Flightradar24. The resulting lift and drag coefficients from the application of this algorithm are reasonably close within 9 – 14% compared to available references. Flightradar24 data is actually quite accurate for further flight performance analysis.
Identification of Sustainability Course Topics Relevant to the Needs of Airport Professionals Haidar, Muhammad Farras; Indriyanto, Toto
Langit Biru: Jurnal Ilmiah Aviasi Vol 18 No 3 (2025): Langit Biru: Jurnal Ilmiah Aviasi
Publisher : Politeknik Penerbangan Indonesia Curug

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54147/langitbiru.v18i3.1291

Abstract

This research is based on the condition of environmental degradation and public awareness of climate change caused by industry after the Paris Agreement held in 2015. One industry that causes environmental damage is the aviation industry. Increased awareness of the impact generated has made the aviation industry begin to improve to reduce emissions. This research focuses on identifying sustainability course topics relevant to airport professionals to improve their competency in dealing with environmental issues. This research uses Natural Language Processing (NLP) methods, where the NLP used is Unsupervised Learning, especially Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA). LDA was used to search for hidden topics in a set of airport sustainability reports accredited by Airport Carbon Accreditation (ACA). ACA is a globally recognized institutional carbon management certification program for airports. The analysis results show that the professional training topics related to green finance for sustainable airports match the current market needs and are not yet organized by course providers at leading international aviation organizations.
Development of Electronic Flight Bag Application for Small Turboprop Aircraft Weight and Balance Calculation Malik, Rahadian Maulana; Indriyanto, Toto
Warta Penelitian Perhubungan Vol. 35 No. 2 (2023): Warta Penelitian Perhubungan
Publisher : Sekretariat Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perhubungan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25104/warlit.v35i2.2307

Abstract

Nowadays, many airlines in modern aviation utilize an Electronic Flight Bag (EFB) during flight to replace traditional paper-based systems. Considering the importance of aircraft weight and balance calculation to flight operations, the flight mission of X-123 (a small turboprop aircraft) and the current EFB market, research on weight and balance application development of X-123 on EFB in Indonesia is conducted. The research aimed to develop the application according to Indonesian regulations and to examine the weight and balance characteristics of X-123 through several simulations in a programming language, Python. Furthermore, Staff Instruction 8900 - 3.3 is analyzed to identify the factors that should be considered in EFB development. The global architecture design and substantial features are, then, proposed as an initial EFB development. In the global architecture design, the utilization of a gateway becomes important as a connection between the EFB developer and the client, providing aircraft data changes flexibility to the client. Moreover, the calculation formula is completely discussed in the calculation modules as a substantial feature and implemented in the simulation. According to simulation results, the payload weight and payload distribution changes can affect significantly the CG location. It is recommended to weigh and assign the payload before flight to ensure flight operation safety. In addition, the proposal of the architecture design and substantial features can be used as a reference and further developed by the Indonesian aviation companies.
Development of Communication System for UAV Ground Control Station with ATC Based on Controller Pilot Data Link Communication Kristanto, Andri; Indriyanto, Toto
Warta Penelitian Perhubungan Vol. 35 No. 2 (2023): Warta Penelitian Perhubungan
Publisher : Sekretariat Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perhubungan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25104/warlit.v35i2.2308

Abstract

The technology of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), or drones, has rapidly evolved over the years, taking on various missions such as delivery, agriculture, mapping, surveillance, firefighting, and more. With the expanding functions of drones, the operational areas of UAVs also increase. However, there are restricted locations for UAV operations, one of which is an airport. Operating UAVs in controlled airspace requires permission from the government and local regulators. Moreover, a reliable communication system is crucial to support operations and prevent failures. This paper discussed the development of a communication system between UAV Ground Control pilots and Air Traffic Control (ATC) operators. The system utilizes strategic and tactical messages, developing the UAV communication system architecture based on the Controller Pilot Data Link Communication (CPDLC) standard operating procedures. This involved the design of the UAV Ground Control Station (GCS) communication system and the analysis of transmission power. The CPDLC system is a text-based communication system using the internet to send messages to ATC at an airport. The research methods included literature studies, collecting CPDLC messages based on documents (GOLD), developing the UAV communication system architecture, creating strategic communication standard operating procedures, designing the communication system interface on the GCS, and performing power calculations using link budget analysis. The research results indicate that the transmission power, calculated using the link budget at a distance of 100 km, is 17 dBm for payload communication and 15 dBm for telemetry communication, both meeting the minimum link margin standard of 15 dBm.
Development of Electronic Flight Bag Application for Small Turboprop Aircraft Weight and Balance Calculation Malik, Rahadian Maulana; Indriyanto, Toto
Warta Penelitian Perhubungan Vol. 35 No. 2 (2023): Warta Penelitian Perhubungan
Publisher : Sekretariat Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perhubungan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25104/warlit.v35i2.2307

Abstract

Nowadays, many airlines in modern aviation utilize an Electronic Flight Bag (EFB) during flight to replace traditional paper-based systems. Considering the importance of aircraft weight and balance calculation to flight operations, the flight mission of X-123 (a small turboprop aircraft) and the current EFB market, research on weight and balance application development of X-123 on EFB in Indonesia is conducted. The research aimed to develop the application according to Indonesian regulations and to examine the weight and balance characteristics of X-123 through several simulations in a programming language, Python. Furthermore, Staff Instruction 8900 - 3.3 is analyzed to identify the factors that should be considered in EFB development. The global architecture design and substantial features are, then, proposed as an initial EFB development. In the global architecture design, the utilization of a gateway becomes important as a connection between the EFB developer and the client, providing aircraft data changes flexibility to the client. Moreover, the calculation formula is completely discussed in the calculation modules as a substantial feature and implemented in the simulation. According to simulation results, the payload weight and payload distribution changes can affect significantly the CG location. It is recommended to weigh and assign the payload before flight to ensure flight operation safety. In addition, the proposal of the architecture design and substantial features can be used as a reference and further developed by the Indonesian aviation companies.
Development of Communication System for UAV Ground Control Station with ATC Based on Controller Pilot Data Link Communication Kristanto, Andri; Indriyanto, Toto
Warta Penelitian Perhubungan Vol. 35 No. 2 (2023): Warta Penelitian Perhubungan
Publisher : Sekretariat Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perhubungan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25104/warlit.v35i2.2308

Abstract

The technology of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), or drones, has rapidly evolved over the years, taking on various missions such as delivery, agriculture, mapping, surveillance, firefighting, and more. With the expanding functions of drones, the operational areas of UAVs also increase. However, there are restricted locations for UAV operations, one of which is an airport. Operating UAVs in controlled airspace requires permission from the government and local regulators. Moreover, a reliable communication system is crucial to support operations and prevent failures. This paper discussed the development of a communication system between UAV Ground Control pilots and Air Traffic Control (ATC) operators. The system utilizes strategic and tactical messages, developing the UAV communication system architecture based on the Controller Pilot Data Link Communication (CPDLC) standard operating procedures. This involved the design of the UAV Ground Control Station (GCS) communication system and the analysis of transmission power. The CPDLC system is a text-based communication system using the internet to send messages to ATC at an airport. The research methods included literature studies, collecting CPDLC messages based on documents (GOLD), developing the UAV communication system architecture, creating strategic communication standard operating procedures, designing the communication system interface on the GCS, and performing power calculations using link budget analysis. The research results indicate that the transmission power, calculated using the link budget at a distance of 100 km, is 17 dBm for payload communication and 15 dBm for telemetry communication, both meeting the minimum link margin standard of 15 dBm.
Correction Maneuver Optimization to Maintain The Local Time of Lapan-A4 Satellite Zuhri, Muhammad Rizki; Poetro, Ridanto Eko; Indriyanto, Toto; Faturrohim, Luqman
Indonesian Journal of Aerospace Vol. 21 No. 2 (2023): Indonesian Journal Of Aerospace
Publisher : BRIN Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/ijoa.2023.723

Abstract

In order for a satellite to achieve a sun-synchronous orbit (SSO), it must have a nodal precession rate equal to the revolution rate of the Earth around the Sun. However, sun-synchronous satellites generally encounter significant perturbations, which lead the local time of the satellite to drift gradually. In this research, the author analyzed potential maneuvers to maintain the local time of an SSO satellite for 5 years of operation of LAPAN-A4 satellite. The analysis was conducted by simulation using GMAT (General Mission & Analysis Tools) software with the LAPAN-A4 satellite as a case study. Furthermore, this research also attempted to find the optimum maneuvering period for each potential maneuver. The results showed that the RAAN correction maneuver is ineffective. It was also found that the most optimum maneuvering plan obtained from this research was a semi-major axis correction maneuver with 4 month maneuvering period with a particular correction targeting strategy.
Fuel Efficiency Comparison of PBN and ILS Approach Procedures at Sam Ratulangi Airport M'Azzuri, Banni Yulia; Indriyanto, Toto; Sembiring, Javensius
Indonesian Journal of Aerospace Vol. 22 No. 2 (2024): Indonesian Journal Of Aerospace
Publisher : BRIN Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/ijoa.2024.8968

Abstract

This study evaluates the efficiency of approach procedures at Sam Ratulangi International Airport-Manado by comparing Required Navigation Performance (RNP) under Performance-Based Navigation (PBN) with the Instrument Landing System (ILS) as a conventional procedure. A simulation using the BlueSky ATM Simulator was conducted with 30 aircraft instances for each approach, utilizing real-time FlightRadar24 speed data to ensure operational realism. The analysis focused on three key metrics: distance flown, time spent, and fuel consumption. Results show that implementing of PBN procedures reduces distance flown by 15%, flight time by 15% and fuel consumption by 14% compared to ILS, demonstrating improved operational efficiency. This research provides a quantitative assessment of PBN systems’ effectiveness in optimizing approach procedures, supporting aviation sustainability, and reducing operational costs.
Co-Authors Andri Kristanto Faturrohim, Luqman Hafizhuddin, Hafizhuddin Haidar, Muhammad Farras Javensius Sembiring, Javensius M'Azzuri, Banni Yulia Malik, Rahadian Maulana Poetro, Ridanto Eko Zuhri, Muhammad Rizki