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All Journal Smart Medical Journal Gema Lingkungan Kesehatan
Sholihah, Mentari Maratus
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Environmental Science Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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The Role of PPAR in Liver Cirrhosis: An Update Review Sholihah, Mentari Maratus; Pramana, Triyanta Yuli; Hanif, Muhammad Ifham
Gema Lingkungan Kesehatan Vol. 23 No. 3 (2025): Gema Lingkungan Kesehatan
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36568/gelinkes.v23i3.346

Abstract

Liver cirrhosis is the final stage of various chronic liver diseases characterized by fibrosis and nodule formation in the liver. The pathophysiology of liver cirrhosis involves a complex process, in which the role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR) is very important. PPARα, which is mainly expressed in the liver, plays an important role in the regulation of hepatic lipid metabolism. In cirrhosis, PPARα expression is decreased, resulting in impaired fatty acid oxidation and increased lipogenesis. This contributes to the accumulation of fat in the liver, which is one of the characteristics of NAFLD that can progress to cirrhosis. PPARγ, although better known for its role in adipose tissue, also has important functions in the liver. In cirrhosis, PPARγ plays a role in inhibiting the activation and proliferation of HSCs, and modulating macrophage polarization. PPARγ activation can reduce liver inflammation and fibrosis, and increase insulin sensitivity. Recent studies have shown that PPARγ agonists can improve steatosis, reduce inflammation, and significantly improve the response to hepatitis viruses. PPARδ, which is widely expressed in various tissues including the liver, plays a role in lipid metabolism and liver inflammation. Moreover PPARs role in viral hepatitis induced liver chirrosis is still remain controversial. Although research on PPARδ in the context of liver cirrhosis is still limited, several studies have shown its potential anti-fibrotic effects. Thus, a deeper understanding of the role of PPARs in the pathophysiology of liver cirrhosis opens up new opportunities for the development of more effective therapies to treat this chronic liver disease.
Gejala Gastrointestinal sebagai Faktor Prognostik Keparahan dan Kematian pada Pasien COVID-19: Sebuah Meta-Analisis Global Ridwan Hadi Kusuma, Taufik; Sholihah, Mentari Maratus; Hanif, Muhammad Ifham
Smart Medical Journal Vol 4, No 3 (2021): Smart Medical Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/smj.v4i3.54584

Abstract

Pendahuluan: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) merupakan pandemi global yang menimbulkan manifestasi klinis yang luas termasuk gejala gastrointestinal. Beberapa studi telah meneliti tingkat keparahan dan mortalitas COVID-19 dengan manifestasi gastrointestinal, tetapi hanya di tingkat regional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggabungkan beberapa literatur tentang keparahan dan mortalitas akibat COVID-19 dengan manifestasi gastrointestinal di beberapa pusat studi dari berbagai negara.Metode: Studi ini merupakan studi meta-analisis. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari proses pencarian dan pemilihan data dari studi klinis di seluruh dunia. Pencarian artikel melalui database yang sistematik dan komprehensif dari PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, ProQuest, dan Springer Link. Artikel dikumpulkan dengan diagram PRISMA, dilakukan telaah kritis menggunakan PRISMA checklist dan analisis PICO kemudian data dianalisis dengan menggunakan perangkat Review Manager 5.4.1 dengan Random Effect Model (REM). Hasil analisis yang didapatkan berupa besarnya efek, heterogenitas dan model studi.Hasil: Berdasarkan analisis data dari berbagai studi di beberapa negara, hasil menunjukkan bahwa gejala gastrointestinal tidak memiliki hubungan signifikan terhadap peningkatan keparahan (aOR 0.77; 95% CI 0.35-1.70; I2=0.73; p=0.52) dan mortalitas  (aOR 0.87; 95% CI 0.34-2.21; I2=0.63; p=0.77) COVID-19.Kesimpulan: Pasien COVID-19 dengan gejala gastrointestinal lebih kecil kemungkinannya untuk mengalami penyakit yang parah serta mortalitas dibandingkan pasien tanpa gejala gastrointestinal.Kata Kunci: Gejala Gastrointestinal, COVID-19, Faktor Prognosis, Keparahan, Kematian.
Co-Authors Hanif, Muhammad Ifham Ridwan Hadi Kusuma, Taufik Triyanta Yuli Pramana