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All Journal INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science and Technology
Cahayo, Maf'ud
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Astronomy Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Energy Materials Science & Nanotechnology Physics

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Chemical Composition and Quality Parameters of Citronella (Cymbopogon nardus) Essential Oil Based on GC–MS and Physicochemical Analysis Ramadhan, Dwi Sapri; Warsito; Silvianti, Risna; Cahayo, Maf'ud; Azzahra, Vina Octavia
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science and Technology (IJCST) Vol. 9 No. 1 (2026): JANUARY 2026
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24114/ijcst.v9i1.72493

Abstract

Citronella (Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendle) essential oil is widely utilized in the perfume, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries, primarily due to its high content of citronellal, geraniol, and citronellol. This study aimed to evaluate the chemical composition and quality parameters of citronella essential oil using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) and physicochemical analysis. The oil sample was obtained by steam distillation of fresh leaves and subsequently characterized in terms of specific gravity, refractive index, optical rotation, and flash point, while the chemical composition was determined based on GC–MS chromatogram peak areas. The physicochemical analysis showed a specific gravity of 0.894, refractive index of 1.477, optical rotation of −6.59°, and a flash point above 80 °C, indicating compliance with quality standards for citronella essential oil. GC–MS analysis identified 21 compounds, with trans-geraniol (70.65%), geranyl acetate (7.70%), β-citronellol (3.17%), and citronellal (1.78%) as the major constituents. These findings confirm that steam-distilled citronella essential oil exhibits good quality and a chemical profile that supports its potential for essential oil-based industrial applications.
EDLC Type Supercapacitor Electrode Based on Banana Peels Activated Carbon Rahmah, Alfiatur; Zainollah, Ahmad; Fitriani, Novi Artika; Ramadhan, Dwi Sapri; Cahayo, Maf'ud; Masruroh, Masruroh
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS Vol 7, No 1 (2017): April
Publisher : Department of Physics, Sebelas Maret University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/ijap.v7i1.1414

Abstract

The objective of this research is to observe the influence of surface area and porosity of banana peels activated carbon on the specific capacitance value as EDLC type supercapacitor electrode. Banana peels have been carbonated at temperature of 600ºC and activated using KOH with concentrations of 5%, 15%, 25% and 35% at temperature of 700ºC. The activated carbon banana peels mixed with PVAc (Polyvinyl acetat), added with aquades and compressed on pressure of 80 kN. The specific capacitance has been carried out using galvanostatic method with KOH 30% as electrolyte solution. Pore size of membrane activated carbon was observed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Brunnuaer-Emmet-Teller (BET) method for surface area of activated carbon. The result shows that the optimum value at activation using KOH 25% with large surface area 540,454 m2/g, porosity 17,89 µm and specific capacitances of 72,93 F/g. The increase of large surface area and porosity activated carbon has affected to specific capacitance value, so activated carbon of banana peels potentials as electrode material supercapacitor  EDLC type. Keyword: activated carbon; porosity; specific capacitance; and supercapacitor electrode.
Co-Authors Azzahra, Vina Octavia Fitriani, Novi Artika Masruroh MASRUROH Rahmah, Alfiatur Ramadhan, Dwi Sapri Silvianti, Risna Warsito Zainollah, Ahmad