Garuda - Garba Rujukan Digital

PERAN TOP MANAJEMEN PADA MANAJEMEN K3 ., Tarmudji
MAGISTRA Vol 16, No 51 (2004): Magistra Edisi Desember
Publisher : MAGISTRA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (13.153 KB)

n/a

Important Diseases of Buffalo in Indonesia ., Tarmudji
Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 13, No 4 (2003)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) is classified as valuable asset for farmers as source of additional income, meat and draught animal power in agricultural cultivable land. For the last five years, the buffalo population in Indonesia is significantly declining from 3.0 million (1997) to 2.3 million (2001) and one of causal factors is an animal disease. Some of the important buffalo diseases Â in Â Indonesia Â are: Â MalignantÂ Catarrhal Â Fever (MCF), Â Septicaemia Â Epizootica (SE), Â Enterotoxaemia, Surra and Fasciolosis. MCF is a fatal disease affecting buffalo. The aetiological agent is unknown and for diagnosis of MCF based on clinico-pathologicalÂ finding Â and Â histopathological Â examination. Â SE Â is Â an Â acute Â infectious Â disease Â of Â buffalo Â caused Â by Pasteurella Â multocida, Â characterizedÂ by Â acute Â inflammation Â of Â the Â respiratory Â organ Â and Â fatal Â cases Â by Â acute Â fibrinous pneumonia. Enterotoxaemia in buffalo is caused by Clostridium perfringens type A. Cases of buffaloes death were attributable to fatal C. perfringens alpha intoxication originating from enteritis of small intestine. Surra is caused by Trypanosoma evansi. Infection in buffalo, generally shows only chronic clinical signs with loss of body weight as the major effect. Fasciolosis or Liver Fluke Disease in buffalo is caused by one or more species of Trematode (Fasciola sp.), characterized by chronic cholangitis, bile duct containing fibrosis and mineralization in the wall and Fasciola sp. in the lumen. Some factors in diseases control appear to be consisted of quick reporting, isolation and treatment for suffering animals and vaccination with a high quality vaccine for the succeptible animals. Â Key words: Buffalo, animal disease, disease control

Colibacillosis in Chickens: Etiology, Pathology and Control ., Tarmudji
Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 13, No 2 (2003)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Colibacillosis in poultry is an infectious disease of birds in which Escherichia coli is the primary or secondary pathogen. The disease affects broiler and layer of all age groups, but is more frequent in young than mature. Many outbreaks occur in poultry raised under low standard of sanitation, poor environmental conditions or after a respiratory or immunosuppressive disease. There are three serotypes of E. coli, O1:K1, O2:K1 and O78: K80, and other serotypes that have been identified in organs of sick birds, feed, drinking water and litter from farms in the area of Java and Bali. E. coli is present in normal intestines of bird and is distributed widely in faeces. Birds are continuously exposed through contaminated faeces, water, dust and environment. Diagnosis of colibacillosis is based on clinical picture, pathognomonic lesions (septichemia, airsacculitis, pericarditis and perihepatitis) and isolation of E. coli. Outbreaks are usually as the result of a combination of etiological factors including the presence of other infections such as Swollen Head Syndrome (SHS),Â Â Chronic Respiratory Disease (CRD), Newcastle Disease (ND), etc. Treatments are usually effective if given early and antibiotic sensivity testing is advised where applicable. To preventÂ Coli bacterialÂ infectionÂ should Â be Â taken Â on Â an improved farm Â management. Hatchery sanitation/ desinfection procedure should beÂ practiced. Vacination program isÂ undertaken toÂ protect against immunosuppressive and respiratory disease. Â Key words: Colibacillosis, poultry, etiology, pathology, control

Respiratory Diseases in Poultry: Clinical and Pathological Aspects and Their Occurrence in Indonesia ., Tarmudji
Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 15, No 2 (2005)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Some of respiratory diseases in poultry are caused by virus, bacteria, mycoplasma, fungi or combination of various agents. Respiratory diseases in commercial poultry farms (broiler or layer) that are commonly found in Indonesia are : Avian Influenza (AI-H5NI), Newcastle Disease (ND), Infectious Bronchitis (IB), Infectious Laryngotracheitis (ILT), Swollen Head Syndrome (SHS), Chronic Respiratory Disease (CRD), Infectious Coryza, Fowl cholera, Colliseptichemia and Aspergillosis. Spore of Aspergillus sp . and ND/IB viruses (in live vaccine) occasionally exhibited respiratory disorder in chickens (0-2 weeks). Other respiratory diseases can occur in chickens after two weeks of age and are caused by various infectious agents (mixed infection). Two or more infection agents resulted in more severe respiratory disease (in clinical signs and pathological lesions) than a single infection agent. Some of respiratory diseases have similar clinical signs (nasal discharge, lacrimation, coughing and gasping). However, by more thoroughly observation on the outbreak occurrence, causal agents, age of chickens, characteristics of epidemiology and clinical signs. the diagnose of the disease could be defined. Pathological diagnostic approach is commonly used in animal health management of commercial poultry farms. Pathognomonic lesions of organs caused by the diseases could give an accurate diagnose. High Pathogenic Avian Influenza (AI/HPAI) is the most important of the poultry diseases in Indonesia, since it is very contagious to other birds and human resulted in a negative impact on the National Poultry industry and human health (zoonosis) . Key words: Respiratory disease, chicken, clinical signs, pathology, Indonesia

Ascites in Broiler Chickens ., Tarmudji
Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 15, No 1 (2005)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Ascites is a common problem among rapidly growing broiler strains of chickens . This incidence is most often associated with heart failure . This problem is started from insufficient of lung volume or lung capillary capacity for oxygen exchange in very fast growing broiler chickens . Pulmonary hypertension syndrome (PHS) occurs due to the increased blood flow in the lung, causing a hypertrophy an the right ventricular a valvular insufficiency, an increased vena pressure and finally a ascites . Genetically, the percentage of lung volume to the body weight in broiler chickens which is too small is a predisposition factor in ascites cases . The air sac capacity which is decreasing due to the pressure form the intestine parts, the heavy breast and lives mass causes broilers are more sensitive to PHS . Some factors that contribute to PHS are management (high density, pelleted food, superior feed), environment (high altitude of location, cold, moderate, low oxygen) and physiology (increased of oxygen requirements, hyperthyroidism and respiratory disease) . The ascites mechanism could be described as a circle of events between the cardiac, pulmonary and vascular system that satisfy the metabolic requirement of the bird. Lack of one of these systems triggers the pathological cascade that results in ascites cases . Key words: Ascites, broiler chickens, pulmonary hypertension syndrome . heart failure

The Occurrence of Paratuberculosis (Johneâs Disease) in Ruminants in Indonesia Must be Anticipated ., Tarmudji
Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 17, No 2 (2007)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Paratuberculosis or Johneâs disease is an infectious disease in ruminants (cattle, buffalo, sheep and goat) caused by Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) and characterized by granulomatous enteritis manifestation. The disease occurs worldwidely and causes great economic losses on domestic livestock industries. Calves are commonly infected soon after birth, with incubation period of either some months or years. Clinical signs observed from 2 to 10 years old of infected cattle are chronic diarrhea and progressive emaciation. Transmission of MAP to calves can occur by nursing the infected dam or got contaminated by fecal material. The pathogens can also be excreted in colostrum or milk, that is why calf can be infected since neonatal period. Infection in progress leads to cause thickening of the intestinal wall, granulomatous and mesenterical lymphnode, Â which Â diffusion Â lesions Â in Â the intestine Â are Â characterized Â by Â the Â macroscopical Â finding.Â In Indonesia, paratuberculosis had been reported in dairy cattle (in West Java) with seroprevalence of 1.67% (3/180). From the serological positive reactors demonstrated MAP of 0.55% (1/180) by fecal cuture examination. Some samples of cattle and buffaloes from North Sumatera were also found positive paratuberculosis antibody against MAP detected by Complement Fixation Test (CFT) at average of 4% (2/50). The presence of positive reactors of paratuberculosis in dairy cattle, beef cattle and buffaloes in Indonesia must be anticipated. These animals are carriers and can shed pathogens, although they do not show clinical signs. It is likely that paratuberculosis can not be detected by conventional diagnostic techniques, therefore, sensitive and early diagnosis techniques must be developed. Â Key words: Paratuberculosis (Johneâs disease), ruminants, clinical signs, Indonesia

Bovine Tuberculosis, A Zoonotic Disease ., Tarmudji; ., Supar
Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 18, No 4 (2008)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Bovine tuberculosis is caused by the infection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis var. bovis (M. bovis). This species is one of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, can infect wide range of hosts: cattle and other domesticated animals, wild mammals and humans (zoonotic). M. bovis bacterium from infected hosts can be transmitted to other susceptible animals and humans through respiratory excretes and secretion materials. Humans can be infected with M. bovis by ingested M. bovis contaminated animal products, unpasteurised milk from tuberculosis cows or through respiratory route of contaminated aerosol. Bovine tuberculosis at the first stage does not show any clinical sign but as the disease progress in the next stage which may take several months or years, clinical signs may arise, suh as: fluctuative body temperature, anorexia, lost body weight, coughing, oedema of lymph nodes, increased respiratory frequencies. Pathological lesion of bovine tuberculosis is characterised by the formation of granulomas (tubercles), in which bacterial cells have been localised, most in lymph nodes and pulmonum, but can occur in other organs. The granulomas usually arise in small nodules or tubercles appear yellowish either caseus, caseo-calcareus or calcified. In Indonesia, bovine tuberculosis occurred in dairy cattle since 1905 through the imported dairy cows from Holland and Australian. It was unfortunate that until recently, there were not many research and surveilances of bovine tuberculosis conducted in this country, so the distribution of bovine tuberculosis is unknown. Early serological diagnosis can be done on live cattle by means of tuberculin tests under field conditions. Confirmation can be done by isolation and identification of excreted and secreted samples from the slaughter house. Antibiotic treatment and vaccination were uneffective, therefore the effective control of bovine tuberculosis is suggested by tuberculin tests and by slaughtering the selected positive reactors. Â Key words: Bovine tuberculosis, Mycobacterium bovis, zoonotic disease

Pathogenicity of Bordetella bronchiseptica local isolate in piggeries Chotiah, Siti; ., Tarmudji
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 12, No 4 (2007)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Bordetella bronchiseptica causes respiratory tract infections in many animals species. The bacteria were isolated and identified from piggeries in Indonesia. The aim of this study was to define the pathogenicity of B. bronchiseptica local isolate. Thirty piglets less than a week old were divided into 6 treatment groups. Each group of five was infected with Bordetella bronchiseptica BS9 (BCC B2455) local isolate with dose of 4.2 x 105, 4.2 x 106, 4.2 x 107, 4.2 x 108, 4.2 x 109 dan 4.2 x 1010 CFU/ml respectively by intra nasal inoculation, and three piglets were used as the control. The clinical signs, reisolation of bacteria, and histopathological changes were observed. The result showed that all treatment groups showed clinical sign of serous nasal discharge, and sneezing only found in two groups. Reisolation of those bacteria from concha were found in all groups, from trachea in one group, from bronchus in all groups, and they were not found in the control group. Histopathological change of epithelial cells desquamation and lost of cillias on concha were found in all treatment groups. On the trachea, epithelial cells desquamation were found in 3 treatment groups and lost of cillias in 4 treatment groups. On the bronchus, epithelial cells desquamation were found in 2 treatment groups and lost of cillias were found in 3 treatment groups. Total piglet that showed clinical phenomenon, positive bacteria reisolation and histopathological change from each group were not proportion to the dose given. This study showed that the local isolate of B. bronchiseptica was pathogenic because it can cause the damage of ciliated cylindrical epithelial cells of the upper respiratory tract. Key Words: Bordetella bronchiseptica, Local Isolate, Pathogenicity, Piglet

Pathogenicity of Bordetella bronchiseptica local isolate in piggeries Siti Chotiah; Tarmudji .
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 12, No 4 (2007): DECEMBER 2007
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

Bordetella bronchiseptica causes respiratory tract infections in many animals species. The bacteria were isolated and identified from piggeries in Indonesia. The aim of this study was to define the pathogenicity of B. bronchiseptica local isolate. Thirty piglets less than a week old were divided into 6 treatment groups. Each group of five was infected with Bordetella bronchiseptica BS9 (BCC B2455) local isolate with dose of 4.2 x 105, 4.2 x 106, 4.2 x 107, 4.2 x 108, 4.2 x 109 dan 4.2 x 1010 CFU/ml respectively by intra nasal inoculation, and three piglets were used as the control. The clinical signs, reisolation of bacteria, and histopathological changes were observed. The result showed that all treatment groups showed clinical sign of serous nasal discharge, and sneezing only found in two groups. Reisolation of those bacteria from concha were found in all groups, from trachea in one group, from bronchus in all groups, and they were not found in the control group. Histopathological change of epithelial cells desquamation and lost of cillias on concha were found in all treatment groups. On the trachea, epithelial cells desquamation were found in 3 treatment groups and lost of cillias in 4 treatment groups. On the bronchus, epithelial cells desquamation were found in 2 treatment groups and lost of cillias were found in 3 treatment groups. Total piglet that showed clinical phenomenon, positive bacteria reisolation and histopathological change from each group were not proportion to the dose given. This study showed that the local isolate of B. bronchiseptica was pathogenic because it can cause the damage of ciliated cylindrical epithelial cells of the upper respiratory tract. Key Words: Bordetella bronchiseptica, Local Isolate, Pathogenicity, Piglet

Respiratory Diseases in Poultry: Clinical and Pathological Aspects and Their Occurrence in Indonesia Tarmudji .
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 15, No 2 (2005): JUNE 2005
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Some of respiratory diseases in poultry are caused by virus, bacteria, mycoplasma, fungi or combination of various agents. Respiratory diseases in commercial poultry farms (broiler or layer) that are commonly found in Indonesia are : Avian Influenza (AI-H5NI), Newcastle Disease (ND), Infectious Bronchitis (IB), Infectious Laryngotracheitis (ILT), Swollen Head Syndrome (SHS), Chronic Respiratory Disease (CRD), Infectious Coryza, Fowl cholera, Colliseptichemia and Aspergillosis. Spore of Aspergillus sp . and ND/IB viruses (in live vaccine) occasionally exhibited respiratory disorder in chickens (0-2 weeks). Other respiratory diseases can occur in chickens after two weeks of age and are caused by various infectious agents (mixed infection). Two or more infection agents resulted in more severe respiratory disease (in clinical signs and pathological lesions) than a single infection agent. Some of respiratory diseases have similar clinical signs (nasal discharge, lacrimation, coughing and gasping). However, by more thoroughly observation on the outbreak occurrence, causal agents, age of chickens, characteristics of epidemiology and clinical signs. the diagnose of the disease could be defined. Pathological diagnostic approach is commonly used in animal health management of commercial poultry farms. Pathognomonic lesions of organs caused by the diseases could give an accurate diagnose. High Pathogenic Avian Influenza (AI/HPAI) is the most important of the poultry diseases in Indonesia, since it is very contagious to other birds and human resulted in a negative impact on the National Poultry industry and human health (zoonosis) . Key words: Respiratory disease, chicken, clinical signs, pathology, Indonesia

Title

Found 15 Documents
Search

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Title Search

Found 15 Documents Search

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Title

Found 15 Documents
Search