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Potency Of Bacteriocin For Animal Health And Food Safety Chotiah, Siti
Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 23, No 2 (2013)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

The emergence of antibiotic resistance in many bacteria related to animal and public health stresses the importance of decreasing the use of antibiotics in animal production. The reduction of antibiotic application in livestock can only be achieved if alternative antimicrobial strategies are available. A number of strategies have been explored to control microbial pathogens and to improve growth and feed efficiency in livestock without the use of antibiotics. Bacteriocins have been more extensively studied and proposed as potential alternatives to conventional antibiotics in animal husbandry. Bacteriocins are antimicrobial peptides ribosomally synthesized by many species of Bacteria and some strains of Archaea. In general, bacteriocins just exhibited bactericidal or bacteriostatic activity against other bacteria that are closely related to the producing strain. The main mechanisms of bacteriocin activity vary from pore formation in cytoplasmic membranes to the inhibition of cell wall biosynthesis and enzyme activities (RNAse or DNAse) in target cells. The use of bacteriocins in probiotic applications, as preservatives, and most excitingly as alternatives to conventional antibiotics is being broadly explored and studied. This review will describe the bacteriocins potency for animal health and food safety, as well as the results of bacteriocin study that had been conducted in Indonesia.Key words: Bacteriocin, animal health, food safety

Dileclion of pathogenic bacteria and mycoplasmas from pneumonic lungs of pigs and histopalhological finding Chotiah, Siti; ., Sobironingsih
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 2, No 1 (1996)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

A total of 104 pigs lung samples with pneumonic lesions were collected from Kapuk abattoir in West Jakarta and piggeries in Tangerang, West Java. Isolation and identification of pathogenic bacteria and mycoplasmas of the lung were carried out and Mycoplarma sp . was isolated from 9 (8.7%) samples, Pacteurella multocida from 5 (4.8%)samples, and Bordetella brornrhiseptica from 2 (1 .9%) samples while the test of the samples were negative . Histopathological examination were also carried out and the lesions were found on 30 (28.8%) samples for Bordetella sp., 6 (5 .8%) samples for Mycoplarma sp ., 16 (15.4%) samples for Mycoplarma sp . in combination with Bordetella sp ., 25 (24.0%) samples for Mycoplavma sp . in combination with Pacteurella sp. and 27 (26.0 %) samples were judged to be normal . All microorganisms were found 68 .7% and 72.7% from apical lobes of the lung by bacteriological and histopathological examinations respectively . Â Keywords: Mycoplavma sp ., Pacteurella nrulttwida, Bordetella brimrhiseprica, pneumonia, pig

Isolation, identification and serotyping of Pasteurella multocida isolates from pneumonic lungs of pigs and sensitivity to several their antibiotics Chotiah, Siti
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 2, No 3 (1997)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Six isolates of Pasteurella multocida were recovered from 105 pneumonic lungs of pigs, collected from a pig slaughter house at Kapuk, West Jakarta and two piggeries in Tangerang, West Java. The identification and serotyping of the isolates based on the differences of their capsular antigenic, using indirect haemagglutination method, showed that five isolates were type A and one isolate was type D. Using the isc method, in vitro sensitivity of the isolates to seven kinds of antibiotics showed that all of the isolates were sensitive to nalidixic acid (NA 30 pg), enrofloxacin (ENR 5 pg), gentamycin (GN 10 gg), and sulphamethoxazole trimethoprim (SXT 25 pg), while five isolates were sensitive to doxycycline hydrochloride (DO 30 gg), four isolates were sensitive to erythromycin (E 15 pg), and two isolates were sensitive to tetracycline (TE 15 pg) . Â Key words : Pasteurella multocida, pig, serotyping, antibiotics

Strategic control of acute diarrhea of newborn calves Chotiah, Siti
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 17, No 3 (2012)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Economic performance of beef cattle operations can be severely hampered by acute calfhood diarrhea. Accordingly, a study was conducted at Bbalitvet to identify the causal agents, reduce clinical incidence, and increase body weight gain of newborn calves. One potential control is application of suitable vaccines to pregnant cows. The study was begun by identifying cases of diarrhea followed by isolation and identification of the causal agents in 12 beef cattle farms in West Java. A field trial was then designed for controlling calf diarrhea in such farms. Inactive vaccines Ecoli-Closvak polivalen were administered to pregnant cows to increase specific resistance of the newborn calves. At 2 months prepartum, 12 pregnant cows were assigned either to a vaccination or a placebo group, with a booster vaccination 3 weeks prior to parturition. Strict hygenic management was provided to both groups, and all calves were provided adequately with colostrum.Â Subjects were observed for 5 months, starting from the time of initial vaccination until the calves were 3 months of age. In the initial farm surveys, entero-pathogenic bacteria such as Escherichia coli serotype K99 and Clostridium perfringens type A and C were isolated and identified in fecal samples from 4 beef cattle farms in 3 districts (Garut, Tasikmalaya, Ciamis) and 2 beef cattle farms in 2 districts (Tasikmalaya and Ciamis) of West Java. In the vaccination trial, good immune responses to E. coli and C. perfringens alpha toxin measured by ELISA were observed. Application of effective control of calf diarrhea including vaccination and good livestock management showed good results. No death or signs of diarrhea were found in the new born calves up to 3 months of age. The rate of body weight gain was significantly higher in calves of vaccinated dams than in calves of non-vaccinated dams. Key Words: Strategic control, Calf diarrhea

Pathogenicity of Bordetella bronchiseptica local isolate in piggeries Chotiah, Siti; ., Tarmudji
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 12, No 4 (2007)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Bordetella bronchiseptica causes respiratory tract infections in many animals species. The bacteria were isolated and identified from piggeries in Indonesia. The aim of this study was to define the pathogenicity of B. bronchiseptica local isolate. Thirty piglets less than a week old were divided into 6 treatment groups. Each group of five was infected with Bordetella bronchiseptica BS9 (BCC B2455) local isolate with dose of 4.2 x 105, 4.2 x 106, 4.2 x 107, 4.2 x 108, 4.2 x 109 dan 4.2 x 1010 CFU/ml respectively by intra nasal inoculation, and three piglets were used as the control. The clinical signs, reisolation of bacteria, and histopathological changes were observed. The result showed that all treatment groups showed clinical sign of serous nasal discharge, and sneezing only found in two groups. Reisolation of those bacteria from concha were found in all groups, from trachea in one group, from bronchus in all groups, and they were not found in the control group. Histopathological change of epithelial cells desquamation and lost of cillias on concha were found in all treatment groups. On the trachea, epithelial cells desquamation were found in 3 treatment groups and lost of cillias in 4 treatment groups. On the bronchus, epithelial cells desquamation were found in 2 treatment groups and lost of cillias were found in 3 treatment groups. Total piglet that showed clinical phenomenon, positive bacteria reisolation and histopathological change from each group were not proportion to the dose given. This study showed that the local isolate of B. bronchiseptica was pathogenic because it can cause the damage of ciliated cylindrical epithelial cells of the upper respiratory tract. Key Words: Bordetella bronchiseptica, Local Isolate, Pathogenicity, Piglet

Study of erysipelas vaccine: Immunogenicity of three culture fractions of E. rhusiopathiae serotype 2 local isolate on swine Chotiah, Siti
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 13, No 1 (2008)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae as the causal agent of erysipelas was isolated from swine in Indonesia. The aims of this study were to develop a local isolate vaccine for erysipelas and determine its immunogenicity in swine. Three types of fractionated culture of local isolate E. rhusiopathiae serotype 2 consisting of whole culture (WCu), whole cell (WCe) and culture filtrate (CF) were made into an oil adjuvant at a final bacteria concentration about 1010 colony forming unit (CFU). Four groups of swine (12 swines/group) were vaccinated intra muscularly with WCu, WCe and CF containing 2 ml per dose respectively, and K as a control group without vaccination. The vaccine was injected twice with three weeks interval. All groups were challenged with local isolates of E. rhusiopathiae; serotype 1 (heterologous) and serotype 2 (homologous) at five weeks after second vaccination except CF group was challenged at twelve weeks after the second vaccination by 107.5 CFU. The specific antibody responses were monitored every two weeks by ELISA technique, and protective responses were determined by clinical signs of erythema urticaria or mortality during the observation for 14 days. The results showed that the antibody responses of WCu, WCe, and CF groups against extract antigen were not different. The protective responses of groups WCu, WCe, CF, and K against challenged local isolate of homologous serotype and heterologous were 83.3, 83.3, 91.7 and 0% respectively, with average value of optical density 0.492, 0.454, 0.529 and 0.3450 respectively, at the time of challenge. Cross protection occurred on all culture fractions tested. In conclusion, the three culture fractions of local isolate of E. rhusiopathiae serotype 2 containing protective antigen and could be used for vaccine candidate in Indonesia. Key Â Words: Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae, Local Isolate, Immunogenicity, Swine, Vaccine

Pathogenicity of local isolates of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae serotypes 1, 2, 6, ! 1, 12, and type N in mice and pigs Chotiah, Siti
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 3, No 4 (1998)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Six local isolates of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae of serotypes 1, 2, 6, 11, 12 ; ?,.;d type N isolated from the tonsil of healthy pigs at Kapuk, Jakarta, slaughter house were examined for their pathgb-;ucity for mice and pigs . Forty-two groups of mice, each contains ten mice and twenty-one pigs divided into seven groups were used as experimental animals. Isolates of serotype 1, 2, 6, 11, 12, and type N were pathogen for rnil.e with LDSO of 10", 102.", 10Â°6 ,103.Â° , 10 32 and 105A colony forming unit (C .F .U .), respectively. All (100%) pigs inoculated with isolate of serotype 1 and 33.3% pig inoculated with isolate of serotype 2 were induced general urticarial lesions with depression, anorexia and followed by death. One of three (33.3%) pig inoculated with isolate of serotype 6 was induced generalized urticarial lesions without any other clinical signs. Isolates of serotype 6, 11, 12, and type N were capable of inducing localized urticarial lesions in two out ~f three (66.7%), all (100%), two out of three (66.7Â° n all (100%) pigs, respectively . All pigs in control uninoculated Key words : Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae, pathogenicity, mice, pigs

VAKSINASI DINI Bordetella bronchiseptica PADA ANAK BABI MENCEGAH KERUSAKAN SEL-SEL EPITEL BERBULU GETAR PADA MUKOSA SALURAN NAFAS BAGIAN ATAS Chotiah, Siti
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 9, No 2 (2008)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v9i2.2029

The upper respiratory tract is lined with ciliated epithelium or brush border that functions as the primary filter to the respiratory tissue. Epithelial trauma caused by neonatal bordetellosis serves as the predisposing factor for other respiratory diseases in growing pig. The aim of this research was to evaluate the effectiveness life nonpathogenic Bordetella Bronchiseptica vaccine that used in sucking piglets in Indonesia, to prevent the damage of ciliated epithelium. Twenty four sucking piglets 2 to 3 day-old were divided into treatment group containing fourteen and nontreatment group containing ten. Each sucking piglet of treatment group was vaccinated with life nonpathogenic Bordetella Bronchiseptica vaccine by intra nasal with 0.5 ml/nostril dose containing more than72.0xl0 CFU/ml bacteria. Three weeks post vaccination 10 of those treatment group and 6 from nontreatment group were challenged against local isolate B. bronchiseptica BS9 (BCC2455) toxigenic with 4.2xlOCFU/ml dose. The clinical signs, reisolation of bacteria, and histopathological changes were observed. The result showed that 3 of 10, 5 of 6, 0 of 4, and 3 of 4 treatment and challenge sucking piglet group, nontreatment and challenge sucking piglet group, treatment and not challenge sucking piglet group,and nontreatment and not challenge sucking piglet group were found lost of cilia from most of the ciliated epithelial cells of nasal mucosa respectively. Three of 10, 4 of 6, 1 of 4, and 4 of 4 treatment and challenge sucking piglet group, nontreatment and challenge sucking piglet group, treatment and not challenge sucking piglet group, and nontreatment and not challenge sucking piglet group were found epithelial cells desquamation of nasal mucosa respectively. The results indicated that life nonpathogenic Bordetella Bronchiseptica vaccine could give 70 % protection against infection of B. bronchiseptica local isolate BS9 (BCC245) toxigenic infection and 75% wild type isolate present at the farm used for this research.

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