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MASALAH EIGEN DAN EIGENMODE MATRIKS ATAS ALJABAR MIN-PLUS Rahayu, Eka Widia; Siswanto, Siswanto; Wiyono, Santoso Budi
BAREKENG: Jurnal Ilmu Matematika dan Terapan Vol 15 No 4 (2021): BAREKENG: Jurnal Ilmu Matematika dan Terapan
Publisher : PATTIMURA UNIVERSITY

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (514.39 KB) | DOI: 10.30598/barekengvol15iss4pp659-666

Abstract

Eigen problems and eigenmode are important components related to square matrices. In max-plus algebra, a square matrix can be represented in the form of a graph called a communication graph. The communication graph can be strongly connected graph and a not strongly connected graph. The representation matrix of a strongly connected graph is called an irreducible matrix, while the representation matrix of a graph that is not strongly connected is called a reduced matrix. The purpose of this research is set the steps to determine the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the irreducible matrix over min-plus algebra and also eigenmode of the regular reduced matrix over min-plus algebra. Min-plus algebra has an ispmorphic structure with max-plus algebra. Therefore, eigen problems and eigenmode matrices over min-plus algebra can be determined based on the theory of eigenvalues, eigenvectors and eigenmode matrices over max-plus algebra. The results of this research obtained steps to determine the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the irreducible matrix over min-plus algebra and eigenmode algorithm of the regular reduced matrix over min-plus algebra
A Mathematical Model of Human-to-Human Transmission of Monkeypox with Reinfection Rahayu, Eka Widia; Megawati, Noorma Yulia
CAUCHY: Jurnal Matematika Murni dan Aplikasi Vol 11, No 1 (2026): CAUCHY: JURNAL MATEMATIKA MURNI DAN APLIKASI
Publisher : Mathematics Department, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18860/cauchy.v11i1.40140

Abstract

Monkeypox is a zoonotic disease caused by the monkeypox virus and remains a public health concern due to its potential for sustained human-to-human transmission. This study analyzes the transmission dynamics of monkeypox by developing a deterministic compartmental model that explicitly incorporates reinfection arising from waning immunity. The model is analyzed by deriving the basic reproduction number and determining the disease-free and endemic equilibrium points, whose local and global stability properties are rigorously investigated. A sensitivity analysis is conducted to identify key parameters driving transmission dynamics. Motivated by these results, an optimal control problem is formulated in which vaccination is implemented as a time-dependent control, and the optimal strategy is characterized using Pontryagin’s Minimum Principle. Numerical simulations reveal that even low reinfection rates can sustain endemic transmission in the absence of control, while appropriately timed vaccination strategies significantly reduce infection levels and prevent long-term persistence.