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Assessment of Baseflow Characteristics and Environmental Flow Allocation in the Welo Sub-Watershed, Central Java Sodikin, Wahlul; Juwono, Pitojo Tri; Sholichin, Mohammad
Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA Vol 11 No 4 (2025): April
Publisher : Postgraduate, University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jppipa.v11i4.11049

Abstract

This study assesses baseflow characteristics and environmental flow (EF) requirements in the Welo Sub-Watershed, Central Java, Indonesia—a region increasingly affected by land use change and climate variability. Using 30 years of daily streamflow data (1994–2023), baseflow was separated using the Fixed Interval Method with analysis conducted in Excel and the Hydrologic Engineering Center’s Hydrograph Analysis (HEC-HMS). EF was estimated using both the Tennant Method and Flow Duration Curve (FDC) analysis. Results indicate that average dry-season baseflow is 0.79 m³/s, while the reliable flow (Q80) averages 1.02 m³/s. EF estimates are 0.43 m³/s (Tennant) and 0.54 m³/s (FDC). Under normal hydrological conditions, baseflow exceeds EF thresholds. However, peak irrigation demand reaching 1.30 m³/s surpasses both baseflow and Q80 during dry periods. This suggests periods of ecological stress and potential conflict among water users. These findings underscore the need for integrating EF targets into local water resource planning to safeguard ecosystem function and ensure sustainable water allocation.
Analysis of Sengkarang Watershed Performance with the Addition of River Maintenance Flow Parameters Sodikin, Wahlul; Juwono, Pitojo Tri; Sholichin, Moh
Jurnal Teknik Pengairan: Journal of Water Resources Engineering Vol. 16 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.pengairan.2025.016.02.6

Abstract

Watershed management plays a crucial role in maintaining water balance and ecosystem sustainability. However, conventional watershed performance assessments often overlook the importance of river maintenance discharge. This study evaluates the hydrological performance of the Sengkarang Watershed by incorporating river maintenance discharge as an additional parameter. The research employs the Tennant method to determine the maintenance flow and the Analytic Network Process (ANP) to weigh its significance. Six expert respondents participated in the weighting process. The study compares the results of the conventional five-parameter assessment with the newly modified six-parameter approach. Findings reveal that the Sengkarang Watershed is concerning, with high fluctuations in flow regimes and annual runoff coefficients. Including river maintenance discharge significantly increases the weight of flood parameters from 2.0% to 4.7%, while the new index for river maintenance discharge contributes 1.8% to the overall assessment. Despite these changes, the watershed remains classified as “Poor,” highlighting the need for further restoration efforts. The study suggests that integrating river maintenance discharge into performance assessments provides a more comprehensive understanding of watershed conditions, supporting better policy formulation for sustainable water resource management.