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Armadani, Wika
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Thermal and Physical Properties of Patchouli Essential Oil Industry Residue as Renewable Feedstock for Bioenergy Ginting, Zainuddin; Setiawan, Adi; Mulyawan, Rizka; Armadani, Wika; Hermawan, Yuda; Shrestha, Ashish
Journal of Renewable Energy, Electrical, and Computer Engineering Vol 2, No 1 (2022): March 2022
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Service, Universitas Malikussaleh, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29103/jreece.v2i1.6644

Abstract

Patchouli plant is one of main agricultural commodities in Indonesia with an area of 64.67 ha. The solid waste produced from the distillation industry is around 98% of total feedstock. The aim of this research is to disclose the characteristics of solid waste biomass from patchouli essential oil industry harvested from Lhokseumawe, Indonesia. The properties of patchouli biomass before and after distillation was analyzed by using a number of techniques including proximate, bomb calorimeter, TGA-DTG, DSC and lignocellulosic analyses. Five kilograms of biomass was collected after patchouli harvesting then sorted into four categories i.e. leaves, branches and trunk. and mixture of all. Another set of biomass residue was collected after distillation process and grouped similar to those collected before distillation. All samples were then dried, ground and sieved to 50 mesh size. The analysis results showed that the highest heating value was observed from the sample of patchouli leaves collected before distillation process with a value of 15.65 MJ/kg where its volatile matter content was 81.26%. Compositional analysis of lignocellulosic suggested that 27% in pre-distilled branches. Mixture of all parts was found to contain 35% cellulose that was the highest. Lignin content with 42% value was found in after distilled trunk.
Synthesis of Cellulose Stearate Ester as Wet Strength Agent for Synthesis of Bio-polybag from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch Kurniawan, Eddy; Mulyawan, Rizka; Tri Agusna PA, Angga; Armadani, Wika; Ginting, Zainuddin
International Journal of Engineering, Science and Information Technology Vol 2, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Department of Information Technology, Universitas Malikussaleh, Aceh Utara, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (752.502 KB) | DOI: 10.52088/ijesty.v2i2.227

Abstract

Biodegradable polybags are an alternative to overcome the weakness of synthetic polybags because of their degradation properties. Oil palm empty fruit bunches contain a lot of cellulose so that they can be used as a biodegradable polybag. Wet Strength serves to increase the physical strength of bio-polybags when exposed to water (in wet conditions) so that water content stability is required. In this study, Cellulose Stearate Esters were synthesized in an effort to increase the stability of the water content in bio-polybags. Cellulose Stearate Esters are synthesized through a transesterification reaction between -Cellulose isolated from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches (EFB) with methyl stearate. The synthesis of cellulose stearate esters was carried out by refluxing for 2 hours using methanol solvent with various catalysts Na2CO3 5, 10, 15, 20 mg and with volume variations of methyl stearate 5, 10, 15. And the best variation was determined based on the degree of substitution test, namely with variations Na2CO3 catalyst 20 mg and volume of methyl Stearate 15 ml, amounting to 1.95. The result of the synthesis, namely cellulose stearate, was tested for functional groups by FT-IR spectroscopy and surface morphology using SEM. The formation of cellulose stearate is supported by the FT-IR spectrum in the wavenumber region of 3468.01 cm-1 indicating an OH group, 3062.96 cm-1 indicating a CH stretching group, 1695.43 cm-1 indicating a C=O group, cm-1 indicating a CH bending group, 1095.57cm-1 indicates a COC group, 609.51cm-1 indicates a (CH2)n4 group. The results of surface morphology analysis using SEM showed that the surface of cellulose stearate looked homogeneous, more regular and had denser cavities than -Cellulose
Thermal and Physical Properties of Patchouli Essential Oil Industry Residue as Renewable Feedstock for Bioenergy Ginting, Zainuddin; Setiawan, Adi; Mulyawan, Rizka; Armadani, Wika; Hermawan, Yuda; Shrestha, Ashish
Journal of Renewable Energy, Electrical, and Computer Engineering Vol. 2 No. 1 (2022): March 2022
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Service (LPPM), Universitas Malikussaleh, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29103/jreece.v2i1.6644

Abstract

Patchouli plant is one of main agricultural commodities in Indonesia with an area of 64.67 ha. The solid waste produced from the distillation industry is around 98% of total feedstock. The aim of this research is to disclose the characteristics of solid waste biomass from patchouli essential oil industry harvested from Lhokseumawe, Indonesia. The properties of patchouli biomass before and after distillation was analyzed by using a number of techniques including proximate, bomb calorimeter, TGA-DTG, DSC and lignocellulosic analyses. Five kilograms of biomass was collected after patchouli harvesting then sorted into four categories i.e. leaves, branches and trunk. and mixture of all. Another set of biomass residue was collected after distillation process and grouped similar to those collected before distillation. All samples were then dried, ground and sieved to 50 mesh size. The analysis results showed that the highest heating value was observed from the sample of patchouli leaves collected before distillation process with a value of 15.65 MJ/kg where its volatile matter content was 81.26%. Compositional analysis of lignocellulosic suggested that 27% in pre-distilled branches. Mixture of all parts was found to contain 35% cellulose that was the highest. Lignin content with 42% value was found in after distilled trunk.
Co-Authors Adi Setiawan Eddy Kurniawan Hermawan, Yuda Mulyawan, Rizka Shrestha, Ashish Tri Agusna PA, Angga Zainuddin Ginting