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Biodegradation activities of microplastic polymers by Agelas conifera spongesymbiotic bacteria Ismet, Meutia Samira; Srimariana, Endang Sunarwati; Cahyati, Nur Alam Dwi; Anggraini, Nurlita Putri; Simbolon, Lenni Mariana; Cakasana, Nadya; Sari, Anita Edya Melliana; Rafi, Mohamad
Depik Jurnal Ilmu Ilmu Perairan, Pesisir, dan Perikanan Vol 14, No 2 (2025): JUNE 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Marine and Fisheries, Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13170/depik.14.2.35939

Research on microplastic (MP) accumulation in marine organisms' tissue have been widely conducted, as well as research on microplastic biodegradation by microbial organisms from the environment. Agelas conifera sponge is proven to accumulate MP in its tissue as well as having bacteria as symbiotic organism. This research aims to screen and study biodegradation activities of A. conifera symbiotic bacteria on MP polymers, also to identify the species of those bacteria isolates. Bacterial Isolation of A. conifera sponge tissue was using Zobell 2216E agar media. Screening and biodegradation assay of the bacteria isolates was conducted on Marine Salt Media agar that was added with 0,5 g of MP polymers, using Kroc-Boral method. Diameter of clear (bacterial growth) zone surrounding Kroc-Boral indicated the biodegradation activity of the bacterial isolates. Statistical analysis on the activity was using Two Way ANOVA. Results showed that there were 9 bacterial isolates of 53 that could degrade several MP polymers, with different activities (ANOVA, p value 0.05). High and low-density polymers (Linear- Low Density PolyEthylene/ LLDPE, Polyethylene/PE, and Polyvinyl Chloride/ PVC) were found to be degraded by all 9 isolates. Meanwhile, Polyethylen Taraphtalene (PET) and Polystyrene (PS) only degraded by 8 and 3 isolates, respectively. There are only 5 isolates that have high biodegradation index (1.5) on different polymers, which mostly on PET polymer. Isolate Ac8MP found to be the most bacteria that have degradation index on all polymers more than 1. This research proves that symbiotic bacteria could have a biodegradation mechanism on MP polymers that accumulates by sponge-host. However, further study needs to be done to understand the mechanisms and effectiveness of sponge-bacterial biodegradation activity.Keywords:Dumbo catfishLeukocytesErythrocytesGlucoseMusa AcuminataAeromonas hydrophila

Biodegradation activities of microplastic polymers by Agelas conifera spongesymbiotic bacteria Ismet, Meutia Samira; Srimariana, Endang Sunarwati; Cahyati, Nur Alam Dwi; Anggraini, Nurlita Putri; Simbolon, Lenni Mariana; Cakasana, Nadya; Sari, Anita Edya Melliana; Rafi, Mohamad
Depik Jurnal Ilmu Ilmu Perairan, Pesisir, dan Perikanan Vol 14, No 2 (2025): JUNE 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Marine and Fisheries, Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13170/depik.14.2.35939

Research on microplastic (MP) accumulation in marine organisms' tissue have been widely conducted, as well as research on microplastic biodegradation by microbial organisms from the environment. Agelas conifera sponge is proven to accumulate MP in its tissue as well as having bacteria as symbiotic organism. This research aims to screen and study biodegradation activities of A. conifera symbiotic bacteria on MP polymers, also to identify the species of those bacteria isolates. Bacterial Isolation of A. conifera sponge tissue was using Zobell 2216E agar media. Screening and biodegradation assay of the bacteria isolates was conducted on Marine Salt Media agar that was added with 0,5 g of MP polymers, using Kroc-Boral method. Diameter of clear (bacterial growth) zone surrounding Kroc-Boral indicated the biodegradation activity of the bacterial isolates. Statistical analysis on the activity was using Two Way ANOVA. Results showed that there were 9 bacterial isolates of 53 that could degrade several MP polymers, with different activities (ANOVA, p value 0.05). High and low-density polymers (Linear- Low Density PolyEthylene/ LLDPE, Polyethylene/PE, and Polyvinyl Chloride/ PVC) were found to be degraded by all 9 isolates. Meanwhile, Polyethylen Taraphtalene (PET) and Polystyrene (PS) only degraded by 8 and 3 isolates, respectively. There are only 5 isolates that have high biodegradation index (1.5) on different polymers, which mostly on PET polymer. Isolate Ac8MP found to be the most bacteria that have degradation index on all polymers more than 1. This research proves that symbiotic bacteria could have a biodegradation mechanism on MP polymers that accumulates by sponge-host. However, further study needs to be done to understand the mechanisms and effectiveness of sponge-bacterial biodegradation activity.Keywords:Dumbo catfishLeukocytesErythrocytesGlucoseMusa AcuminataAeromonas hydrophila

Spatial and Temporal Variation of Zooplankton Composition Near Whale Shark Sightings in Probolinggo of East Java, Indonesia Anggraini, Nurlita Putri; Krisanti, Majariana; Madduppa, Hawis; Rizqi Himawan, Mahardika
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis Vol. 16 No. 1 (2024): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis
Publisher : Department of Marine Science and Technology, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jitkt.v16i1.36067

Pola kemunculan hiu paus di Probolinggo berbeda dengan lokasi lain di Indonesia, diduga kemunculannya memiliki hubungan dengan ketersediaan zooplankton. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji komposisi spasial dan temporal zooplankton serta mengaitkan dengan kemunculan hiu paus. Penelitian dimulai Bulan Desember 2017 - November 2018 dan terdapat enam titik pengamatan tiap bulannya. Air disaring menggunakan plankton net dan diawetkan menggunakan lugol. Pengamatan menggunakan mikroskop Olympus CX23 dengan dua kali ulangan. Hasil analisis spasial menunjukan adanya variasi terhadap keberadaan hiu paus di setiap stasiun (Chi-square test, X2= 1418.6, P <0.05) dengan kemunculan tertinggi diamati di stasiun PR_5 sebanyak enam individu. Namun, jumlah zooplankton tidak menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan di setiap stasiunnya. Berdasarkan analisis temporal, kemunculan hiu paus berbeda signifikan setiap bulannya (Chi-square test, X2= 81.04, P <0.05), dengan bulan Maret dan November menunjukan kemunculan tertinggi, tiga individu. Terdapat variasi kelimpahan dalam jumlah zooplankton (Chi-square test, X2= 148.61, P <0.05), dengan kelimpahan terbesar terjadi pada bulan April dan Maret. Baik secara spasial maupun temporal, korelasi kemunculan hiu paus terhadap komposisi zooplankton tidak berhubungan (r= 0.01, P< 0.05). Selain itu, korelasi antara hiu paus terhadap jenis zooplankton yang ditemukan juga dilakukan, hasilnya menunjukan bahwa Acartia sp. terindikasi menjadi jenis target hiu paus tersebut (r= 0.3, P <0.05), dimana kemunculan hiu paus tidak dipengaruhi oleh jumlah zooplankton yang tersedia, namun berdasarkan kebutuhan kalorinya.

Effective DNA extraction method for metagenomic analysis of rhizosphere bacteria from mangrove sediments Maysaroh, Siti; Ismet, Meutia Samira; Subhan, Beginer; Andini, Rita; Sembiring, Enny Rimita; Anggraini, Nurlita Putri
Depik Jurnal Ilmu Ilmu Perairan, Pesisir, dan Perikanan Vol 12, No 2 (2023): AUGUST 2023
Publisher : Faculty of Marine and Fisheries, Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13170/depik.12.2.32850

Mangrove, Rhizophora mucronata, grows in the intertidal area, which contains much organic matter and varying salinity. The organic matter content is influenced by the bacterial community that inhabits the ecosystem, but information regarding the bacterial community, especially in the mangrove root system, is not widely available. There are several challenges in completing this information, one of which is that the method used is still in a conventional form. Developments in environmental DNA analysis can support and complement this information. However, this method must be optimized because the organic matter content and salt variations affect the extraction results. Thus, this study aimed to determine the optimal approach for extracting bacterial DNA from mangrove sediments. The analysis used two methodologies: manual DNA extraction techniques based on buffer modification and DNA extraction kits. There were four different treatments, namely the soil DNA isolation plus kit (M1), the fecal / soil microbial quick-DNA miniprep kit (M2), glass powder with charcoal (M3), and glass powder with skimmed milk (M4). DNA samples were obtained from each method and assessed for concentration and purity using a nanodrop. In addition, the resulting DNA's quality was analyzed using 1.5% agarose. The results obtained were in the M2 treatment, which showed optimal results compared to the others. M2 uses a bead-based beating and spin column method to achieve optimal DNA concentration through high molecular weight. The DNA obtained was also protein-free, and several samples were contaminated with humic acid, namely KL.S1, KL.S4, and T7.S4.Keywords:Bacteria 16SBead beatingDNA ExtractionSedimentSpin column

Effective DNA extraction method for metagenomic analysis of rhizosphere bacteria from mangrove sediments Maysaroh, Siti; Ismet, Meutia Samira; Subhan, Beginer; Andini, Rita; Sembiring, Enny Rimita; Anggraini, Nurlita Putri
Depik Jurnal Ilmu Ilmu Perairan, Pesisir, dan Perikanan Vol 12, No 2 (2023): AUGUST 2023
Publisher : Faculty of Marine and Fisheries, Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13170/depik.12.2.32850

Mangrove, Rhizophora mucronata, grows in the intertidal area, which contains much organic matter and varying salinity. The organic matter content is influenced by the bacterial community that inhabits the ecosystem, but information regarding the bacterial community, especially in the mangrove root system, is not widely available. There are several challenges in completing this information, one of which is that the method used is still in a conventional form. Developments in environmental DNA analysis can support and complement this information. However, this method must be optimized because the organic matter content and salt variations affect the extraction results. Thus, this study aimed to determine the optimal approach for extracting bacterial DNA from mangrove sediments. The analysis used two methodologies: manual DNA extraction techniques based on buffer modification and DNA extraction kits. There were four different treatments, namely the soil DNA isolation plus kit (M1), the fecal / soil microbial quick-DNA miniprep kit (M2), glass powder with charcoal (M3), and glass powder with skimmed milk (M4). DNA samples were obtained from each method and assessed for concentration and purity using a nanodrop. In addition, the resulting DNA's quality was analyzed using 1.5% agarose. The results obtained were in the M2 treatment, which showed optimal results compared to the others. M2 uses a bead-based beating and spin column method to achieve optimal DNA concentration through high molecular weight. The DNA obtained was also protein-free, and several samples were contaminated with humic acid, namely KL.S1, KL.S4, and T7.S4.Keywords:Bacteria 16SBead beatingDNA ExtractionSedimentSpin column

Toxicity and antibacterial activity of Rhizophora apiculata mangrove using different solvent extraction : Toksisitas dan aktivitas antibakteri mangrove Rhizophora apiculata dengan pelarut ekstraksi yang berbeda Imanditya, Muhammad Fachriza; Ismet, Meutia Samira; Zamani, Neviaty Putri; Natih, Nyoman MN; Srimariana, Endang Sunarwati; Andini, Rita; Anggraini, Nurlita Putri
Jurnal Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia Vol. 28 No. 1 (2025): Jurnal Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia 28(1)
Publisher : Department of Aquatic Product Technology IPB University in collaboration with Masyarakat Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia (MPHPI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17844/jphpi.v28i1.60031

Rhizophora apiculata merupakan jenis mangrove yang banyak digunakan sebagai obat tradisional. Potensi ini dihasilkan oleh kandungan metabolit sekunder yang dapat dipengaruhi oleh kondisi lingkungan, usia, dan beragam faktor lainnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan pelarut terbaik ekstrak R. apiculate berdasarkan parameter toksisitas dan antibakteri. R. apiculata yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berasal dari daerah Kuala Langsa dan Pulau Telaga Tujuh (Aceh Timur), dengan ukuran diameter pohon yang berbeda (2,4; 4,8; 5; 13; 23,3; & 26 cm). Ekstraksi dengan pelarut metanol 99,8% (MeOH) dan etanol 99,9% (EtOH) dilakukan dengan maserasi (3x24 jam), ekstraksi dengan pelarut akuades dilakukan dengan perebusan (15 menit pada suhu 85-90°C). Ekstraksi menggunakan perbandingan 10:1 (v/w) dengan 2 g serbuk simplisia dan 20 mL pelarut. Uji toksisitas dilakukan dengan metode brine shrimp lethality assay dan uji antibakteri menggunakan metode disk diffusion assay. Uji toksisitas menunjukkan ekstrak etanol memiliki nilai toksisitas tertinggi dengan nilai LC50 sebesar 26,879 μg/mL. Ekstrak akuades menghasilkan zona hambat tertinggi dengan nilai 11,37±0,85 mm pada bakteri Escherichia coli dan 17,67±1,19 mm pada bakteri Staphylococcus aureus. Hasil ANOVA dua arah menunjukkan pelarut berpengaruh nyata terhadap zona hambat bakteri (p<0,05), sementara diameter pohon tidak berpengaruh nyata (p<0,05). Ekstrak pelarut etanol menghasilkan nilai toksisitas tertinggi, sedangkan ekstrak pelarut akuades menghasilkan zona hambat terbesar.

DNA Barcoding, Identifikasi Morfologi dan Kepadatan Populasi Genus Tridacna di Perairan Maluku Utara: DNA Barcoding, Morphological Identification and Population Density of Genus Tridacna in North Maluku Water Hadadi, Namira; Madduppa, Hawis; Shita Azaraly, Irma; Anggraini, Nurlita Putri
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis Vol. 15 No. 3 (2023): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis
Publisher : Department of Marine Science and Technology, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jitkt.v15i3.47110

Tridacna (kima) merupakan bivalvia yang berukuran besar dan memiliki peran penting dalam ekologi. Ukuran dan warna menarik yang menjadi daya tarik hingga mengalami overexplotation. Langkah perlindungan perlu dilakukan, salah satunya pengukuran kepadatan, variasi ukuran yang banyak ditemukan dan identifikasi spesies berdasarkan morfologi dan DNA barcoding. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi kima dengan metode DNA barcoding serta mengevaluasi ukuran dan kepadatan populasinya di Perairan Maluku Utara. Metode penelitian menggunakan DNA barcoding dan identifikasi morfologi berupa warna mantel dan variasi ukuran cangkangnya serta pengukuran kepadatan kima yang ditemukan di Perairan Maluku Utara. Hasil identifikasi berdasarkan DNA barcoding dan identifikasi morfologi menunjukan hasil yang sama, yaitu terdeteksi tiga jenis kima, Tridacna crocea, Tridacna squamosa, dan Tridacna maxima. Perbedaan ukuran dan bentuk cangkang serta warna mantel yang timbul, memperkuat ketiga jenis tersebut sebagai spesies yang berbeda. Selain itu, bentuk clade pohon filogenetik antara sampel dengan data genbank membentuk clade yang sama. Kondisi kepadatan kima pada perairan ini menunjukan hasil yang sama dengan lokasi lain, yaitu nilainya kurang dari 1 /m2. Nilai kepadatan < 1 m2 dapat mengarahkan bahwa spesies tersebut mengalami penurunan atau mengarah pada overexploitatation. Sehingga, data penelitian ini dapat dijadikan sebagai referensi penilaian untuk kegiatan konservasi kima.

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