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All Journal JAS (Journal of ASEAN Studies) Al-Kharaj: Jurnal Ekonomi, Keuangan & Bisnis Syariah
Putra, Muhammad Hartana Iswandi
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Social Sciences

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The Long-Run Impact of Educational Expansion on Income Inequality in ASEAN Countries Khusaini, Khusaini; Putro, Tetuko Rawidyo; Arifin, Samsul; Putra, Muhammad Hartana Iswandi; Amalia, Fitri; Syafawi, Lely
JAS (Journal of ASEAN Studies) Vol. 13 No. 1 (2025): Journal of ASEAN Studies
Publisher : Centre for Business and Diplomatic Studies (CBDS) Bina Nusantara University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21512/jas.v13i1.12204

Abstract

Over the past two decades, global income inequality has tended to increase, particularly in developing countries within the ASEAN region. Global, regional, and national efforts to narrow income inequality have been ongoing, as have research endeavours. The correlation between educational expansion and income inequality remains debatable. This research aimed to re-investigate the impact of educational expansion on income inequality across ASEAN countries. The researcher utilized panel data from 11 ASEAN member states for the period 2010 to 2021. Using Panel Fully Modified Least Square (FMOLS) analysis, the research finds that educational expansion, proxied by average years of schooling, significantly contributes to reducing income inequality in the long run. Additionally, the gross enrollment rates in secondary and higher education were found to have a strong effect on narrowing income inequality among the populations of ASEAN countries in the long term, in contrast to the impact of gross enrollment rates in primary education. These findings further reinforce the theory and previous research that education is a key factor in reducing income inequality. Therefore, governments in each country should focus on accelerating the expansion and development of secondary and higher education.
Determinants of Household Food Security in Eastern Indonesia 2016-2023 Putra, Muhammad Hartana Iswandi; Fathiyah, Ihda Nur
Al-Kharaj: Jurnal Ekonomi, Keuangan & Bisnis Syariah Vol. 7 No. 11 (2025): Al-Kharaj: Jurnal Ekonomi, Keuangan & Bisnis Syariah
Publisher : Intitut Agama Islam Nasional Laa Roiba Bogor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47467/alkharaj.v7i11.9681

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of education level, GRDP per capita, and the COVID-19 pandemic on household food security in Eastern Indonesia for the period 2016-2023, both partially and simultaneously. Food security is important because it not only concerns people's welfare but also influences a country's economy. The research method used in this study is a quantitative approach with the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) method and annual time series data from 2016-2023. This study uses household food security as the dependent variable, education level and GRDP per capita as independent variables, and the COVID-19 pandemic as a dummy variable. The analytical technique used in this study is panel data regression analysis. The research findings illustrate that education level (X1) has a positive effect on household food security (Y). This means that the higher a person's education level, the higher their household food security will be. Vice versa. GRDP per capita (X2) has no effect on household food security (Y). This means that fluctuations in GRDP per capita in a region will not impact household food security (Y). The COVID-19 pandemic (X3) has a positive effect on household food security (Y). This means that if the COVID-19 pandemic occurs, household food security will increase. Vice versa. Education level, GRDP per capita, and the COVID-19 pandemic simultaneously influence household food security (Y).
Co-Authors Fathiyah, Ihda Nur Fitri Amalia Khusaini, Khusaini PUTRO, TETUKO RAWIDYO Samsul Arifin Syafawi, Lely