Hsieh, Peter Prayogo
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Malnutrisi Energi Protein Berat: Laporan Kasus Hsieh, Peter Prayogo; Wijaya, Putri Dariyanti; Aziana, Putri; Purnomo, Prahara Wahyu; Radhiah, Sitti
Jurnal Kesehatan Andalas Vol. 10 No. 3 (2021): Online November 2021
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jka.v10i3.1799

Abstract

ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Malnutrisi pada balita masih merupakan masalah kesehatan di Indonesia dan erat kaitannya dengan perawatan rumah sakit. Laporan kasus ini ditulis untuk memberi gambaran mengenai kasus gizi buruk sehingga semakin ditingkatkannya perhatian terhadap gizi anak oleh para tenaga kesehatan di lapangan.Kasus: Anak perempuan berusia 12 bulan datang dengan keluhan sudah 1 bulan berat badan tidak bertambah dan nafsu makan berkurang. Keluhan disertai batuk dan pilek  berulang serta demam. Ayah dan ibu merupakan keluarga dengan perekonomian menengah ke bawah sehingga anak hanya diberi makan seadanya. Pada pemeriksaan fisik, anak sadar, tampak sangat kurus dan sakit sedang, didapatkan berat badan menurut usia, panjang badan menurut usia, berat badan menurut panjang badan di bawah -3 SD grafik pertumbuhan WHO. Pemeriksaan toraks menunjukkan kecurigaan terhadap infeksi pada paru kanan. Hasil laboratorium menunjukkan anemia defisiensi besi dengan peningkatan CRP dan foto toraks memperlihatkan adanya infiltrat pada paru kanan. Anak dirawat di rumah sakit dengan pemberian terapi cairan, antibiotik, dan intervensi diet. Dalam 2 minggu keadaan anak menujukkan perbaikan yang bermakna dan dapat dipulangkan dengan memberi edukasi terkait gizi anak, perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat, serta pentingnya imunisasi.Simpulan: Gizi buruk pada balita harus menjadi perhatian karena 1000 hari pertama kehidupan merupakan periode perkembangan otak yang paling pesat. Pemahaman yang baik oleh tenaga medis di lapangan mengenai gizi anak sangat diperlukan dalam rangka memberi edukasi kepada masyarakat untuk mengurangi angka kejadian gizi buruk pada balita Indonesia.Kata kunci: Gizi buruk, balita, edukasi ABSTRACTIntroduction: Malnutrition in toddlers is still a problem in Indonesia and is related to hospitalization. This case is written to give an overview about severe malnutrition in children so that we, as healthcare workers will be more aware to children’s nutrition.Case: Twelve – month – old baby girl came with chief complaint of difficulty in gaining weight. This complaint was accompanied by reduced appetite and fever with repeated cough and cold. Her parents were from middle – to low – income family so this baby wasn’t fed well. On examination, she looked extremely thin. She was alert with weight – for – age, height – for – age, and weight – for – height <3 Z – score WHO growth chart. Thoracal examinations showed abnormalities on right chest. Laboratory findings showed anemia hypochromic microcytic and increased CRP. Chest radiograph showed infiltrates on right lung. She was hospitalized and treated with fluid therapy, antibiotic, and diet intervention. After 2 weeks, her conditions improved and she was discharged. Her parents were educated about feeding practices in children, hygiene, and the importance of immunization.Conclusion: Malnutrition in toddlers has to be a concern because the first 1000 days are the most dramatic phase of neurobehavioral development. Understanding children’s nutrition is essential to all healthcare workers in order to decrease the incidence of malnutrition in Indonesia.Keywords: Malnutrition, children, education
Exclusive breastfeeding and reduced risk of type 1 diabetes mellitus in children Hsieh, Peter Prayogo; I Gusti Ayu Putu , Eka Pratiwi; I Made, Arimbawa; I Gusti, Lanang Sidiartha; Sindhughosa, Wega Upendra; I Made, Darma Yuda
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol. 66 No. 2 (2026): March 2026
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

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Abstract

Background There was a 7-fold increase in the prevalence of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in Indonesia from 3.88/100,000,000 in 2000 to 28.19/100,000,000 in 2010. Previous studies have shown small reductions in the risk of developing T1DM associated with exclusive breastfeeding. This topic has not been well explored in Indonesian children with T1DM. Objective  To assess for a possible association between T1DM and exclusively breastfeeding. Methods This matched, case-control study included children who visited clinics or were hospitalized from January-March 2025 (case group). The control group comprised children from a Catholic private school. The inclusion criteria for the case group were children aged >24 months to <18 years who had been diagnosed with TIDM by a doctor and had complete electronic medical records (EMR). The exclusion criterion was incomplete EMR. The inclusion criteria for the control group were children without T1DM who were aged >24 months to <18 years. Subjects’ characteristics and history of breastfeeding were obtained from the interview and questionnaire.  The association between T1DM and exclusively breastfeeding were analyzed using McNemar analysis and logistic regression was done for confounding factors. Results Of the 42 subjects in each group, 27 (64.3%) subjects with T1DM  and 16 (38.1%) subjects in the control group were not exclusively breastfed. McNemar analysis revealed a significant association between not exclusively breastfeeding and greater risk of T1DM (OR=3.99; 95%CI 1.44 to 11.04; P=0.008). Conclusion There is a significant association between exclusive breastfeeding and T1DM. Those who were not exclusively breastfed are 3.99 times more likely to develop T1DM.