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Exploring Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Pathogenesis through Animal Models: A Systematic Review of Humanized and Pristane-Induced Lupus Mice Airlangga, Dimas Ikhsan; Rahmawati, Hanifa Rizky; Susianti, Hani; Handono, Kusworini
Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol 9, No 3 (2023): December 2023
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jbtr.v9i3.19434

Abstract

Studies involving experimental animals to explore the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) which leads to the selection of optimal therapy have been widely conducted. The well-known model used to study SLE includes the pristane-induced mouse model and the more recently developed humanized mouse model that implants human immune cells into immunodeficient mice. The current state of the research has yet to provide a systematic review that analyzes both model and its contribution to our understanding of SLE pathogenesis. This systematic review-based study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the development and application of pristane-induced and humanized mouse models. We obtained several relevant article sources include: (1) Search Strategy, on databases such as PubMed, MEDLINE, ScienceDirect, and Cochrane by adjusting the protocols listed in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA); (2) Eligibility based on exclusion and inclusion criteria; and (3) Data Extraction. The findings show that 30 articles are relevant to the subject matter. Several strains of mice were used in the model of the 0.5 pristane injection method and the humanized mice model. All studies showed similar patterns in the onset and manifestation of SLE in mice models with slight variations. The purpose of using the pristane injection method and humanized mice model is adjusted to the output of each study. A variety of research preferences can be used as a reason for choosing pristane and humanized cells transplanted SLE methods in making lupus model mice.
Serological Profiles of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in Humanized Mice and Pristane-Induced Lupus Models Chilmi, Syahrul; Airlangga, Dimas Ikhsan; Susianti, Hani; Handono, Kusworini
Folia Medica Indonesiana Vol. 60, No. 2
Publisher : Folia Medica Indonesiana

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Abstract

Highlights: 1. This study compared the serological markers of pristane-induced mice to humanized mouse models of lupus achieved by transplanting stem cells from lupus patients, which is a novel method in Indonesia. 2. This study will allow for more accurate research into the pathophysiology of the disease and the development of new lupus treatment strategies. Abstract More studies related to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) therapy are urgently needed because of the current insufficiency in treatment effectiveness. However, due to ethical limitations, researchers use experimental animals as a substitute for conducting studies on humans. Models commonly used to study lupus include the pristane-induced mouse model and the recently developed humanized mouse model. The second model involves implanting human immune cells into immunodeficient mice. This study compared the serologic profiles of lupus antibodies, the antinuclear antibodies (ANA) and anti-double stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA), in both mouse models. The aim was to determine which one is more promising for use as a lupus animal model. Thirty BALB/c mice (Mus musculus) were used as subjects and divided into three groups: K1, K2, and K3. K1 served as the control group, consisting of healthy mice that received a placebo. The K2 mice were intraperitoneally injected with 0.5 cc of pristane. The K3 mice were transplanted with stem cell cultures from SLE patients, resulting in humanized mice with immune deficiencies. The mice were observed for 16 weeks, during which the ANA and anti-dsDNA levels in their serum were obtained for analysis using the Kruskal-Wallis test (p<0.05). The comparison revealed differences in the average ANA and anti-dsDNA levels among the three groups. K3 had the highest ANA and anti-dsDNA levels, followed by K1 and K2. The Kruskal-Wallis test indicated that the differences were not significant in the mean levels of ANA (p=0.156) and anti-dsDNA (p=0.061). In conclusion, the humanized mouse model has higher ANA and anti-dsDNA antibody levels compared to the pristane-induced mouse model, albeit without a significant difference. This suggests a positive picture of the humanized mouse model of lupus, making it an invaluable tool for studying the disease and testing potential therapeutic interventions.
The Neurogenic Effects of Pasak bumi (Eurycoma longifolia Jack) and Seluang Fish (Rasbora spp.) in Malnutrition-Induced Rat Sanyoto, Didik Dwi; Triawanti,; Noor, Meitria Syahadatina; Airlangga, Dimas Ikhsan
Folia Medica Indonesiana Vol. 60, No. 3
Publisher : Folia Medica Indonesiana

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Abstract

Highlights: 1. This study analyzed the effects of using locally sourced pasak bumi extract and seluang fish on the parameters of neurogenesis in malnourished rat models. 2. It promotes further exploration into modified treatments for malnutrition, emphasizing nutritional strategies that harness locally available natural resources. Abstract Early developmental malnutrition exerts adverse effects on the structural, neurochemical, and neurophysiological maturation of cerebral cells by disrupting the process of neurogenesis. Pasak bumi (Eurycoma longifolia Jack) and seluang fish (Rasbora spp.), two indigenous natural resources of South Kalimantan, Indonesia, are believed to harbor nutritional components capable of mitigating these deleterious effects. We aimed to assess the impact of administering pasak bumi, seluang fish, and pure docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on the neurogenesis process in malnourished rat models. The Rattus norvegicus specimens were partitioned into seven distinct cohorts, each consisting of five rats: healthy rats in the negative control group (KN), while malnourished rats in the positive control (KP) and treatment groups (P1, P2, P3, P4, and P5). Both the KP and KN groups received a placebo and a standard feed. The treatment groups received different interventions for five weeks: standard feed alongside pasak bumi extract for the P1 group, standard feed and DHA for the P2 group, standard feed in combination with pasak bumi extract and DHA for the P3 group, seluang fish for the P4 group, and pasak bumi extract and seluang fish for the P5 group. The doses determined for the pasak bumi extract and DHA were 15 and 1 mg/kg bw, respectively. The parameters evaluated consisted of the levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), neural progenitor cell β-tubulin 3 (Tuj-1) expression, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ). The data were subjected to analysis through the Kruskal-Wallis test and analysis of variance (ANOVA) at a 95% confidence level. A value of p<0.05 was considered significant. Statistically significant differences were observed in the BDNF levels (p=0.00) and Tuj-1 expressions (p=0.01) across all groups. In conclusion, the combined administration of pasak bumi and seluang fish demonstrates the capacity of enhancing neurogenesis in malnourished rats, as evidenced by elevated BDNF levels and Tuj-1 expressions.