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All Journal SAINS TANAH - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology Applied Research in Science and Technology Open Global Scietific Journal
Munawaroh, Umi
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Education Environmental Science

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Estimates of methane and nitrous oxide emission from a rice field in Central Java, Indonesia, based on the DeNitrification DeComposition model Umi Munawaroh; Komariah Komariah; Dwi Priyo Ariyanto; Muhamad Khoiru Zaki; Keigo Noda
SAINS TANAH - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology Vol 19, No 1 (2022): June
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/stjssa.v19i1.56928

Abstract

Indonesia is the world’s third largest rice producer, with most rice being cultivated (estimated 3.1 million ha) in Central Java. However, one of the environmental challenges in producing rice is greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from rice fields. Therefore, understanding the GHG emissions (methane and nitrous oxide) from the rice farming system is important for better management practices. The objective of this study is to estimate the GHG emissions supported by a satellite database, namely, the DeNitrification DeComposition (DNDC) model, at three regencies at Central Java, Indonesia, Cilacap, Karanganyar, and Pati, as well as the factors determining the emissions. The DNDC model was obtained from https://www.dndc.sr.unh.edu, which consists of three main submodels that worked together in simulating N2O and N2 emissions: (1) the soil-climate/thermal-hydraulic flux submodel, (2) the decomposition submodel, and (3) the denitrification submodel. The results showed that the N2O emissions from rice farming in Karanganyar, Cilacap, and Pati were 19.0, 18.8, and 12.8 kg N ha−1 yr−1, respectively, while they were 213.7, 270.6, and 360.6 kg C ha−1 yr−1 for CH4 emissions, respectively. Consecutive dry or high precipitation, which resulted in cumulative depleted or elevated soil moisture, respectively, along with warmer temperature likely promoted higher methane and nitrous oxide. Experimental fields for validating the model in accordance with various agricultural practices are suggested for further study. Overall, the DNDC model has successfully estimated the CH4 and N2O emissions in Central Java when incorporated with various secondary climatic and land management big data resources.
Using SoilGrids250m for Overlooking Spatial and Vertical Distribution of Soil Physico-chemical Properties Over Tropical Climate Asia Munawaroh, Umi; Zaki, Muhamad Khoiru
Applied Research in Science and Technology Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025): Applied Research in Science and Technology
Publisher : Research and Social Study Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33292/areste.v5i1.76

Abstract

Background: Understanding the interaction, spatial and vertical distribution of soil chemical properties over climate type in tropical Asia and various depths of soil is essential for sustainable land management, particularly in regions experiencing dynamic conditions.Aims & Methods: This study investigates the relationships of each parameter such as cation exchange capacity (CEC), soil pH, and soil organic carbon (SOC) tropical Climate Asia. Using stratified random sampling based on Köppen–Geiger climate classifications and a consistent spatial resolution of 0.25° × 0.25°, we analyzed 45 sample points distributed across tropical rainforest, monsoon, and savanna climates. The data were extracted from SoilGrids 250m and reconciled using conservative remapping and bilinear interpolation techniques. Corresponding soil chemical data were obtained from validated regional databases.Result: The results show that a correlation matrix analyzing relationships among key soil physico-chemical properties across multiple depths. Strong positive correlations were found between soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (N) (r > 0.8), reflecting their shared origin in organic matter. Bulk density (BD) exhibited moderate to strong negative correlations with SOC and N (r ≈ -0.5 to -0.8), particularly in surface layers, indicating the influence of organic matter on soil structure. Correlations weaken with depth, reflecting reduced nutrient interaction. These patterns highlight the importance of organic matter inputs and minimal soil disturbance in maintaining soil health and guiding sustainable land management strategies.
Effect of Vermicompost and Rice Husk Ash as an Organic Growing Media on Rice Seedling and Mat Quality in Tray Nursery Widi, Hastungkoro; Zaki, Muhamad Khoiru; Munawaroh, Umi
Open Global Scientific Journal Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): Open Global Scientific Journal (OGSJ)
Publisher : Research and Social Study Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70110/ogsj.v4i1.50

Abstract

Background: Efficient mechanized rice transplanting depends on both the structural integrity of seedling mats and the physiological quality of the seedlings. To address this need, enhancing seedling and mat through organic growing media is essential for optimizing mechanized rice transplanting.Aims & Methods: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of organic amendments on seedling quality (seedling height, biomass, and plant population) and mat characteristics (thickness, weight, rolling score and diameter) in tray nursery. A randomized complete block design with three replications was employed, testing four treatments: alluvial soil without organic amendment (CO), with vermicompost (V), with rice husk ash (R), and with vermicompost and rice husk ash (RV).Results: The results showed that the rice seedling nursery using a mixture of soil and organic growing media (R, RV, and V) produced better seedling quality compared to CO including seedling height, biomass, and plant population. Regarding mat performance, RV produced the thickest (1.77 cm) and lightest (3.27 kg) mats, aligning with ideal conditions for mechanical transplanting. In contrast, CO mats were the heaviest (4.40 kg), and V produced the thinnest mats (1.40 cm). Rolling quality was highest in CO (score 10), while RV mats showed lower rolling integrity (score 6.7). V treatment achieved the smallest roll diameter (13.87 cm), facilitating better handling and transport. Overall, the results demonstrate that organic amendment selection significantly affects both physiological seedling traits and the physical integrity of seedling mats. The RV treatment offered the most balanced improvement in mat structure and seedling growth, making it a promising option for mechanized rice production.
Co-Authors Dwi Priyo Ariyanto Keigo Noda Komariah Komariah Muhamad Khoiru Zaki Widi, Hastungkoro