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All Journal SAINS TANAH - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology
Komariah Komariah
Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Sebelas Maret University
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The comparison between conventional and rice ratoon system on soil properties, rice productivity and nutrient status Muchammad Bima Gegana Sakti; Komariah Komariah; Dwi Priyo Ariyanto; Sumani Sumani; Muhamad Khoiru Zaki; Keigo Noda
SAINS TANAH - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology Vol 18, No 1 (2021): June
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/stjssa.v18i1.47553

Abstract

Ratoon system is a method of rice cultivation that produces new tillers after the mother plant is harvested and is continued by maintaining and caring for the shoots of the mother plant. In Indonesia, SALIBU and SINGGANG, which are types of rice ratooning, have been developed for Sumatra and Java regions, respectively. SALIBU is an innovation or a modification of the rice ratoon system that focuses on maintaining the time of fertigation and cutting of plant height. SINGGANG, on the other hand, is a rice ratoon system in which the management of fertigation and cutting is not considered. Both systems have not yet been implemented outside their places of origin. This study aims to compare the conventional and modified rice ratoon systems considering parameters such as soil properties, nutrient uptake, and the growth and yield of rice. The effects of rice ratoon systems (SALIBU and SINGGANG,), soil types (Inceptisols, Alfisols, and Vertisols), and cultivars (Pandan Wangi and Mekongga) were evaluated. All treatments were evaluated in a completely randomized design with three replicates in the net house. The results showed that the soil porosity in SINGGANG (48.89%) and SALIBU (46.78%) systems was higher than the conventional system (43.17%) in the Inceptisol soil and Pandan Wangi cultivars. Moreover, SINGGANG had a positive effect on the physical properties of soil (porosity and permeability); whereas, SALIBU had a positive effect on the chemical properties of soil (pH and organic carbon). In contrast, the agronomic parameters showed that the weights of dry matter and dry yield for SINGGANG were 44.96 and 23.09 g per plant clump, respectively, while those for SALIBU were 55.54 and 25.74 g per plant clump, respectively. These were lower than the conventional system (63.18 and 31.21 g per plant clump, respectively). Thus, we concluded that the SINGGANG and SALIBU ratoon systems had a positive impact on soil properties, but both systems could not promote higher rice production than the mother plant in all soil types and cultivars.
Estimates of methane and nitrous oxide emission from a rice field in Central Java, Indonesia, based on the DeNitrification DeComposition model Umi Munawaroh; Komariah Komariah; Dwi Priyo Ariyanto; Muhamad Khoiru Zaki; Keigo Noda
SAINS TANAH - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology Vol 19, No 1 (2022): June
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/stjssa.v19i1.56928

Abstract

Indonesia is the world’s third largest rice producer, with most rice being cultivated (estimated 3.1 million ha) in Central Java. However, one of the environmental challenges in producing rice is greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from rice fields. Therefore, understanding the GHG emissions (methane and nitrous oxide) from the rice farming system is important for better management practices. The objective of this study is to estimate the GHG emissions supported by a satellite database, namely, the DeNitrification DeComposition (DNDC) model, at three regencies at Central Java, Indonesia, Cilacap, Karanganyar, and Pati, as well as the factors determining the emissions. The DNDC model was obtained from https://www.dndc.sr.unh.edu, which consists of three main submodels that worked together in simulating N2O and N2 emissions: (1) the soil-climate/thermal-hydraulic flux submodel, (2) the decomposition submodel, and (3) the denitrification submodel. The results showed that the N2O emissions from rice farming in Karanganyar, Cilacap, and Pati were 19.0, 18.8, and 12.8 kg N ha−1 yr−1, respectively, while they were 213.7, 270.6, and 360.6 kg C ha−1 yr−1 for CH4 emissions, respectively. Consecutive dry or high precipitation, which resulted in cumulative depleted or elevated soil moisture, respectively, along with warmer temperature likely promoted higher methane and nitrous oxide. Experimental fields for validating the model in accordance with various agricultural practices are suggested for further study. Overall, the DNDC model has successfully estimated the CH4 and N2O emissions in Central Java when incorporated with various secondary climatic and land management big data resources.
Estimation of Soil Organic Matter on Paddy Field using Remote Sensing Method Luthfan Nur Habibi; Komariah Komariah; Dwi Priyo Ariyanto; Jauhari Syamsiyah; Takashi S.T. Tanaka
SAINS TANAH - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology Vol 16, No 2 (2019): December
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1351.255 KB) | DOI: 10.20961/stjssa.v16i2.35395

Abstract

Soil organic matter (SOM) is one of the important parameters in agriculture management, thus estimating its distribution on the land will be essential. Remote sensing can be utilized to map the SOM distribution in the large-scale area. The objective of this research was to determine the estimation of SOM distribution on the paddy field in Sukoharjo Regency, Indonesia using Landsat 8 OLI imagery. The sampling points were determined by purposive sampling based on an overlay of land use classification map of paddy field, NDSI (Normalized Difference Soil Index) map, and soil type map. The analysis method was used simple linear regression (SLR) and multiple linear regression (MLR) between SOM content and a digital number of Landsat 8 OLI imagery. The SLR analysis resulted that all band except band 1 and 5 of Landsat 8 OLI Imagery have the capability to estimating SOM. The MLR model based on best subset analysis resulted in the combination of bands 3, 4, 6, and 7 was the best model for estimating SOM distribution (R2=0.399).  The MLR model was used to create SOM distribution map on paddy field in Sukoharjo Regency and resulted in the SOM range of the area is distributed from very low (<1%) to moderate (2.1–4.2%) with the largest area was on low level (1–2%) about 11,028 ha. The result indicates that Landsat 8 OLI Imagery could be used for mapping the SOM distribution.
Co-Authors Dwi Priyo Ariyanto Jauhari Syamsiyah Keigo Noda Keigo Noda Luthfan Nur Habibi Muchammad Bima Gegana Sakti Muhamad Khoiru Zaki Munawaroh, Umi Sumani Sumani Takashi S.T. Tanaka