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All Journal Biota Berkala Ilmiah Biologi
Gunawan, Isma Cahya Putri
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Environmental Science Immunology & microbiology Materials Science & Nanotechnology Medicine & Pharmacology Veterinary

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Single-Dose Oral Toxicity Study of Chloroform Extract of Kaffir Lime (Citrus hystrix DC.) Leaves in Wistar Rats (Rattus norvegicus Berkenhout, 1769) Fitria, Laksmindra; Meidianing, Maura Indria; Sanjaya, Wilda Bunga Tina; Gunawan, Isma Cahya Putri
Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol 15 No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bib.v15i1.6227

Abstract

Leaves of kaffir lime (Citrus hystrix) are commonly used as a seasoning in various Indonesian and Southeast Asian dishes. Phytochemical studies reported various secondary metabolites that possess medicinal properties. Before exploring their potential as therapeutic agent, a series of toxicity studies must be conducted to assess the toxicity and safety levels. This research aimed to study the single-dose acute oral toxicity of chloroform extract of kaffir lime leaves (CECHL) in female Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) as experimental animals. The procedure followed OECD Test Guideline No.420 with the dose 2000 mg/kg bw for 14 days (Sighting study). Parameters consisted of mortality, clinical signs of sublethal effect based on changes in general appearance and daily activity/behavior, hematological profile, and blood clinical biochemistry. Neither mortality nor sublethal effects were found during the experiment. All blood parameter values (erythrocytes, leukocytes, thrombocytes, ALT, AST, creatinine, BUN, glucose, cholesterol, and triglycerides) were within reference interval, indicating that CECHL is not harmful to normal physiology. In conclusion, single-dose oral administration of CECHL is safe, no-observed-adverse-effect-level (NOAEL) at dose 2000 mg/kg bw or included in Category 5 based on the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labeling of Chemicals (GHS).
Analisis Kulit Marmut sebagai Model Hewan dalam Penelitian Dermatologi dan Kedokteran Estetika Fitria, Laksmindra; Gunawan, Isma Cahya Putri
Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol 15 No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bib.v15i2.10295

Abstract

Skin is the main barrier to protect against harmful environmental influences, one of which is ultraviolet radiation (UVR) which comes from sunlight. Therefore, skin damage due to UVR (photodamage) has gained prominence in dermatology and aesthetic medicine, especially in tropical countries. Guinea pig (GP) as tropical mammal is potential to serve as animal model for skin-related research due to the similarity of their coat pigmentation to that of humans. This research aims to study the skin condition and histomorphometric structure of GP skin with coat color variations. Samples consisted of six adult female GP with tricolor and tortoiseshell patterns. After neatly shaved in 2 x 2 cm2 area, skin condition is then evaluated using Skin Analyzer. Skin samples were processed into histological preparations using paraffin method with 10 % NBF as fixative and stained with Hematoxylin & Eosin (H&E) to measure the thickness of epidermis and dermis. Results demonstrated that skin moisture levels do not significantly differ between coat colors, higher levels of sebum and pigmentation correspond with darker coat colors, whereas lower levels of elasticity and collagen are associated with lighter coat colors. Histomorphometric examination showed that in tortoiseshell GP, the thickness of the epidermis and dermis increased with the coat color, but in tricolor GP, the thickness of epidermis and dermis varied. Furthermore, tortoiseshell GP have thicker epidermis and dermis than tricolor GP. It can be concluded that coat color affects the skin condition as well as the thickness of epidermis and dermis. Based on the pigmentation pattern, tortoiseshell GP is promoted as the most suitable animal model to represent tropical human skin.
Tanda-tanda Ketoksikan pada Tikus Wistar dengan Administrasi Oral Subakut Ekstrak Kloroform Daun Lidah Mertua (Sansevieria trifasciata) Fitria, Laksmindra; Gunawan, Isma Cahya Putri; Sanjaya, Wilda Bunga Tina
Biota Vol 10 No 2 (2024): Jurnal Biota 2024
Publisher : Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Fatah Palembang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19109/biota.v10i2.20109

Abstract

Snake Plant (Sansevieria trifasciata) has been commonly used as traditional herbal medicine in addition to being ornamental plant and phytoremediation agent. Toxicity studies on pharmaceutical substances are required to assess the level of hazard and safety before processing as drugs. Conventional toxicity test focused on determining LD50, despite the fact that not all substances induce death in experimental animals. They might survive but suffering or get sick. This study aimed to evaluate safety level of oral administration of chloroform extract of S. trifasciata leaves (CESTL) for 28 days (subacute) in Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) as model animal through the observation of clinical signs that lead to lethal and sublethal effects. The procedure referred to OECD Guideline No. 407 with the dose of CESTL was 1000 mg/kg bw (Limit Test). Adult female nulliparous Wistar rats were assigned into three groups which received CESTL, Tween 4 % (solvent for CESTL), or distilled water as control (placebo) 1 mL/individual/day. Parameters observed consisted of mortality, general physical examination, individual and social activity and behavior, body weight, body temperature, food intake, water consumption, fecal condition, and fasting blood glucose (FBG) level. Results showed that no animals died or suffered as a result of CESTL poisoning. There were no significant differences in all parameters value among three groups, indicating that CESTL did not generate adverse effects on animal normal physiological condition. Thus, it can be concluded that CESTL at the dose of 1000 mg/kg bw is relatively safe for consumption during­ subacute period.
Co-Authors Laksmindra Fitria Meidianing, Maura Indria Sanjaya, Wilda Bunga Tina