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In Silico Approach for DNA Barcoding using Phylogenetic Analysis of Coelogyne spp. based on the matK, rpoC1, rbcL and nrDNA Markers Pratiwi, Apriliana; Kinasih, Anggiresti; Meidianing, Maura Indria; Kurniawan, Febri Yuda; Semiarti, Endang
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 8, No 3 (2023): December
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jtbb.73130

Abstract

In silico biology is considered as an effective and applicable approach to initiate various research, such as biodiversity taxonomical conservation. Phylogenetic analysis using in silico taxonomy method for orchid species can provide data on genetic diversity and evolutionary relationships. One particular method that can be used to evaluate specific targets of gene loci in the taxonomic study is DNA barcoding. This research was conducted to determine the specific target locus gene using matK, rbcL, rpoC1, and nrDNA markers for DNA barcoding of the Coelogyne genus with in silico approach using phylogenetic analysis. All marker sequences were collected from the NCBI website and analysed using several softwares and methods, namely Clustal X for sample sequence alignment and MEGA 11 for phylogenetic tree construction and analysis. The results showed that the gene locus in Coelogyne recommended was the nrDNA gene locus. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the use of the nrDNA gene locus was able to separate 17 Coelogyne species with two outgroup species, namely Cymbidium and Vanilla, then followed with ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase large subunit (rbcL) while the other gene loci, namely maturase K (matK) and polymerase beta' subunit (rpoC1) provided a visual phylogenetic tree in which the two outgroup species entered into the same clade as the Coelogyne species. Thus, the results of this study can be used as a reference to support the Coelogyne breeding and conservation program. 
Single-Dose Oral Toxicity Study of Chloroform Extract of Kaffir Lime (Citrus hystrix DC.) Leaves in Wistar Rats (Rattus norvegicus Berkenhout, 1769) Fitria, Laksmindra; Meidianing, Maura Indria; Sanjaya, Wilda Bunga Tina; Gunawan, Isma Cahya Putri
Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol 15 No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bib.v15i1.6227

Abstract

Leaves of kaffir lime (Citrus hystrix) are commonly used as a seasoning in various Indonesian and Southeast Asian dishes. Phytochemical studies reported various secondary metabolites that possess medicinal properties. Before exploring their potential as therapeutic agent, a series of toxicity studies must be conducted to assess the toxicity and safety levels. This research aimed to study the single-dose acute oral toxicity of chloroform extract of kaffir lime leaves (CECHL) in female Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) as experimental animals. The procedure followed OECD Test Guideline No.420 with the dose 2000 mg/kg bw for 14 days (Sighting study). Parameters consisted of mortality, clinical signs of sublethal effect based on changes in general appearance and daily activity/behavior, hematological profile, and blood clinical biochemistry. Neither mortality nor sublethal effects were found during the experiment. All blood parameter values (erythrocytes, leukocytes, thrombocytes, ALT, AST, creatinine, BUN, glucose, cholesterol, and triglycerides) were within reference interval, indicating that CECHL is not harmful to normal physiology. In conclusion, single-dose oral administration of CECHL is safe, no-observed-adverse-effect-level (NOAEL) at dose 2000 mg/kg bw or included in Category 5 based on the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labeling of Chemicals (GHS).