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All Journal International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering TELKOMNIKA (Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control)

Nor Fadzilah Abdullah

Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia

Author-ID : 2377386

Computer Science & IT Electrical & Electronics Engineering

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Articles

Maximizing signal to leakage ratios in MIMO BCH cooperative beamforming scheme Mohammed Fadhil; Nor Fadzilah Abdullah; Mahamod Ismail; Rosdiadee Nordin; Cebrail Ciftlikli; Musaab Al-Obaidi
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol 9, No 5: October 2019
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Beamforming (BF) technique in cooperative multiple input multiple output (MIMO) antenna arrays improves signal to noise ratio (SNR) of the intended user. The challenge is to design transmit beamforming vectors for every user while limiting the co-channel interference (CCI) from other users. In this paper, we proposed cooperative beamforming based on Signal-to-Leakage Ratio (SLR) to exploit the leakage power as a useful power in the second time slot after user cooperation, for this purpose successive interference cancellation (SIC) is employed in each user to separate the leakage signal from the desired signal. Without increasing the complexity, Maximizing Signal-to-Leakage Ratio (SLR) subject to proposed power constraint instead of a unity norm is the way to achieve extra leakage power. To reduce the erroneous, Bose–Chaudhuri–Hocquenghem (BCH) codes employed in Beamforming of (SIC) cooperative scheme BF(CS-SIC-BCH). Maximum-likelihood (ML) estimator method is used at each user receiver. Simulation results show that the performance of the proposed scheme BF (CS-SIC-BCH) over Rayleigh and Rician fading channel is significantly better than the performance beamforming based on SLR in Non-cooperative system. More specifically to achieve a BER of about the required SNR for the proposed scheme is about 1 dB less than the Non-cooperative system.

Adaptive Multi-state Millimeter Wave Cell Selection Scheme for 5G communication Mothana L Attiah; Azmi Awang Md Isa; Zahriladha Zakaria; Nor Fadzilah Abdullah; Mahamod Ismail; Rosdiadee Nordin
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol 8, No 5: October 2018
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Millimeter wave bands have been introduced as one of the most promising solutions to alleviate the spectrum secrecy in the upcoming future cellular technology (5G) due the enormous amount of raw bandwidth available in these bands. However, the inherent propagation characteristics of mmWave frequencies could impose new challenges i.e. higher path loss, atmospheric absorption, and rain attenuation which in turn increase the outage probability and hence, degrading the overall system performance. Therefore, in this paper, a novel flexible scheme is proposed namely Adaptive Multi-State MmWave Cell Selection (AMSMC-S) through adopting three classes of mmWave base stations, able to operate at various mmWave carrier frequencies (73, 38 and 28 GHz). Two mmWave cellular Grid-Based cell deployment scenarios have been implemented with two inter-site-distances 200 m and 300 m, corresponding to target area of (2.1 km2) and (2.2 km2). The maximum SINR value at the user equipment (UE) is taken in to consideration to enrich the mobile user experience. Numerical results show an improvement of overall system performance, where the outage probability reduced significantly to zero while maintaining an acceptable performance of the 5G systems with approximately more than 50% of the mobile stations with more than 1Gbps data rate.

Hybrid GA–SA optimization for eMBB-oriented spectrum allocation in 5G device-to-device communication Mohd Azrulazwan Jusoh @ Mohd Yusoff; Nor Fadzilah Abdullah; Asma’ Abu Samah
TELKOMNIKA (Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control) Vol 24, No 3: June 2026
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/telkomnika.v24i3.27394

The explosive growth of enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) services in fifth generation (5G) networks presents new challenges in maintaining quality of service (QoS), particularly under dense deployments with device-to-device (D2D) communication. Interference caused by spectrum reuse among D2D pairs and cellular users can significantly degrade signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio or signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR), throughput, and fairness. This paper addresses the underexplored problem of optimizing spectrum allocation in eMBB-specific D2D scenarios by proposing a hybrid metaheuristic framework combining genetic algorithm (GA) and simulated annealing (SA). The proposed hybrid GA–SA algorithm leverages GA’s global exploration and SA’s local exploitation to improve allocation quality while ensuring robustness. Simulation results reveal that the hybrid approach achieves up to 25% improvement in SINR, an 18% increase in aggregate throughput, and a 22% reduction in interference compared to standalone GA and SA algorithms. Furthermore, the framework achieves improved fairness performance while maintaining competitive SINR and throughput under dense eMBB-oriented deployment scenarios. The algorithm demonstrates efficient convergence behavior and scalability to larger user populations, making it suitable for real-time or large-scale deployments. These results affirm the significance of tailored hybrid optimization in interference-aware spectrum management for future 5G networks.

Co-Authors Asma’ Abu Samah Azmi Awang Md Isa Cebrail Ciftlikli Mahamod Ismail Mohammed Fadhil Mohd Azrulazwan Jusoh @ Mohd Yusoff Mothana L Attiah Musaab Al-Obaidi Rosdiadee Nordin Zahriladha Zakaria

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