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All Journal Journal of Tropical Soils AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science SAINS TANAH - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology
Gero Benckiser
Institute for Applied Microbiology, Justus Leibig University
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Education Environmental Science

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Effects of Nitrification Inhibitors on Mineral Nitrogen Dynamics in Agriculture Soils Tindaon, Ferisman; Benckiser, Gero; Ottow, Johannes Carl Gottlieb
AGRIVITA Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 33, No 3 (2011)
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya in collaboration with PERAGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17503/agrivita.v33i3.86

Abstract

Experiments were conducted under laboratory conditions to elucidate the effect of three nitrification inhibitors viz, 3.4dime-thylpyrazo-lephosphate (DMPP), 4-Chlormethylpyrazole (ClMP) and dicyandiamide (DCD) on mineral nitrogen dynamics of (NH4)2SO4 in soil incubated at 25oC in soils. The quantitative determination of ammonium, nitrite and nitrate were carried out spectrophotometrically, while potential denitrify-cation capacity (PDC) was measured gas chromatographically. DMPP, ClMP and DCD were used on recommended rates of 90kg N ha-1 corres-ponding to 0.36µg DMPP; 0.25µg ClMP and 10µg DCD g-1 dry soil. In all treatments, the influence of 1, 10, 50, 100, 250 and 500 times of the recommended-concentrations were examined. Results suggested that DMPP, ClMP and DCD applied at rates generally recommended for agricultural use may not be effective to inhibit nitrification. Thus even at the highest tested NIs-concentrations, nitrate and nitrite formation still occurred. Application of high concentrations of these chemicals up to 180µg DMPP, 125µg ClMP and 2500µg DCD were needed for inhibiting nitrification completely. The three NIs began to inhibit PDC at 10 to 50 times recommended concentration and were more effective in sandy than in loamy or clay soils. ClMP influenced PDC at much lower concentration as DMPP or DCD.   Keywords: nitrification inhibitors, mineral nitrogen dynamics
Side Effects of Nitrification Inhibitors on Non Target Microbial Processes in Soils Tindaon, Ferisman; Benckiser, Gero; Ottow, Carl Gottlieb
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol. 16 No. 1: January 2011
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2011.v16i1.7-16

Abstract

Agricultural chemicals have been used extensively in modern agriculture and toxicological studies suggest a great potential for inducing undesirable effects on non target organisms. A model experiment was conducted in order to determine side effects of three nitrification inhibitors (NIs, 3,4dimethylpyrazolephosphate = DMPP, 4-Chlormethylpyrazole phosphate = ClMPP and dicyandiamide = DCD) on non target microbial processes in soils. Side effects and dose response curve of three NIs were quantified under laboratory conditions using silty clay, loam anda sandy soils. Dehydrogenase, dimethylsulfoxide reductase as well as nitrogenase activity (NA) and potential denitrification capacity were measured as common and specific non target microbial processes. The influence of 5-1000 times the base concentration, dose response curves were examined, and no observable effect level = NOEL, as well as effective dose ED10 and ED50 (10% and 50% inhibition) were calculated. The NOEL for microbial non target processes were about 30–70 times higher than base concentration in all investigated soils. The potential denitrification capacity revealed to be the most sensitive parameter. ClMPP exhibited the strongest influence on the non target microbial processes in the three soils. The NOEL, ED10 and ED50 values were higher in clay than in loamy or sandy soil. The NIs was the most effective in sandy soils.Keywords: microbial non target processes, nitrification inhibitors, soil enzymes
Nitrogen biotransformation: its ecological control and risk assessment in soil Tindaon, Ferisman; Benckiser, Gero
SAINS TANAH - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology Vol 22, No 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/stjssa.v22i2.100306

Abstract

The Haber-Bosch (H-B) process, which enables the industrial production of ammonia from nitrogen and hydrogen, fundamentally changed food production. This process is crucial for synthesizing nitrogen-based fertilizers, which are essential for boosting crop yields and supporting the world's growing population. Monoculture farming, particularly when combined with high nitrogen input, poses significant environmental risks. It leads to soil degradation, increased vulnerability to pests and diseases, and water pollution. Reliance on synthetic fertilizers to offset nutrient depletion further worsens these problems. The question explores whether current analytical methods adequately identify and evaluate the side effects of urease (UI), nitrification (NI), and denitrification (DI) inhibitors used in nitrogen management strategies for high-yield monoculture farming. While inhibitors are designed to improve nitrogen use efficiency and reduce losses, their effectiveness must be weighed against their unintended consequences, necessitating the development of more comprehensive and holistic analytical approaches that better balance productivity and environmental protection. This research focuses on how different nitrogen fertilizer strategies, along with pesticide use, affect non-target organisms in ecosystems. It specifically examines the impacts of urea, nitrate manipulation, and stabilized nitrogen fertilizers like urease inhibitors (UI), nitrification inhibitors (NI), and dual inhibitors (DI) on ecological balance. The study also examines the broader environmental implications of these practices, including nitrogen loss and greenhouse gas emissions.  It highlights how these agrochemicals can affect wild plants, pollinators, and other non-target species, potentially disrupting ecosystem functions.
Co-Authors Ferisman Tindaon Johannes Carl Gottlieb Ottow Ottow, Carl Gottlieb