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All Journal Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Zuriat
W. Mangoendidjojo
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education

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Analisis Dialel Ketahanan Kacang Tanah (Arachis hypogaea L.) Terhadap Penyakit Layu Bakteri Ralstonia solanacearum Novita N.; , Soemartono; W. Mangoendidjojo; M. Machmud
Zuriat Vol 18, No 1 (2007)
Publisher : Breeding Science Society of Indonesia (BSSI) / PERIPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/zuriat.v18i1.6738

Abstract

Penyakit layu bakteri yang disebabkan oleh Ralstonia solanacearum merupakan penyakit penting di sebagian besar areal tanam kacang tanah di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari genetika ketahanan terhadap R. solanacearum yang terdapat pada hasil silang dialel lengkap tiga genotip kacang tanah tahan (Turangga, lokal Pati, ICGV 93370) dan satu genotip kacang tanah rentan (Chico). Penelitian dilaksanakan di rumah kaca di Balai Penelitian Tanaman Kacangkacangan dan Umbi-umbian pada tahun 2004−2005. Enam belas genotip (empat tetua dan enam F1, dan enam F1r) ditata dalam rancangan acak-acak kelompok yang diulang tiga kali. Setiap genotip ditanam 30 pot, dua tanaman per pot. Tanah yang digunakan sebagaimedia tumbuh disterilisasi secara kimiawi dengan fumigant Dazomet. Inokulum diberikan pada tanah yang telah disterilisasi, kemudian diinkubasi selama tiga hari. Bakteri R. solanacearum yang digunakan adalah hasil isolasi dari tanaman kacang tanah terinfeksi asal daerah Pati, Jawa Tengah. Respon ketahanan diamati pada umur 21 hari menggunakan skor dalam skala 0−5 (0=tidak ada gejala layu, 5 ³ 90% daun layu). Data generasi F1 dan tetua dianalisis menurut metode Griffing (1956) dan Jinks-Hayman (1954). Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat pengaruh pengaruh resiprok maupun daya gabung khusus. Ketahanan pada generasi F1 ditentukan oleh daya gabung umum (DGU) tetua yang digunakan dalam silang dialel ini. Turangga mempunyai daya gabung umum terbaik karena mempunyai nilai pengaruh DGU negatif terbesar diantara tetua yang digunakan. Analisis grafis varians-peragam (Wr-Vr) menunjukkan bahwa gen ketahanan terhadap R. solanacearum bersifat aditif dan dominan tidak lengkap. Heritabilitas arti sempit maupun arti luas tergolong tinggi, masing-masing 91.0% dan 93.7%. Aksi gen aditif dan heritabilitas yang tinggi memberikan peluang keberhasilan untuk isolasi galur tahan bakteri layu di dalam populasi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini melalui seleksi pedigri.
Tingkat Kritis Intensitas Cahaya Relatif Lima Genotip Kacang Hijau (Vigna radiatus L.) Titik Sundari; , Soemartono; , Tohari; W. Mangoendidjojo
Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vol. 33 No. 3 (2005): Buletin Agronomi
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (49.267 KB) | DOI: 10.24831/jai.v33i3.1262

Abstract

The aim of this experiment was to determine the critical relative light intensities (RLI) level of mungbean. The critical level was determined by 50% decreasing of grain yield. The experiment was conducted at the ILETRI (Indonesian Legume and Tuber Crops Research Institute), Malang, from February to May 2004. Five genotypes of mungbean, i.e. VC2768B, Kenari, Local Wongsorejo, Nuri and MLG 431 were grown in  four relative light intensities (RLI) levels, respectively 100%, 75%, 50% and 25%, that were prepared before planting with artificial shading. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with three replicates. The results showed that reducing RLI increased specific leaf area, but decreased leaf number, leaf area, leaf, stem and root dry weight, as well as pod number, pod dry weight and grain yield per plant. Reducing RLI from 100% to 75%, 50% and 25% did result in 15%, 56% and 71% decreased grain yield of mungbean. The critical level of RLI on mungbean was 48% or was found at 52% shading.   Key words: Vigna radiatus L., genotype, critical level, relative light intensities, growth, yield
Anatomi Daun Kacang Hijau Genotipe Toleran dan Sensitif Naungan Titik Sundari; , Soemartono; , Tohari; W. Mangoendidjojo
Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vol. 36 No. 3 (2008): Buletin Agronomi
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (253.014 KB) | DOI: 10.24831/jai.v36i3.1380

Abstract

The research to study the leaf anatomy of tolerant and sensitive mungbean genotypes to shading was conducted at Research Station of the Indonesian Legume and Tuber Crops Research Institute (ILETRI) from September to December 2004. Nine tolerant genotypes to shading including MMC 87 D-KP-2, MLG 369, MLG 310, MLG 424, MLG 336, MLG 428, MLG 237, MLG 429 and VC2768B and three sensitive genotypes including Nuri, MLG 460 and MLG 330 were tested in two shading levels, i.e., 0% (control) and 52% using randomized complete block design with three replications. The results showed that the leaves of tolerant genotypes have fewer thrichomes, thicker leaves, thinner epidermis cells, longer palisade tissues and greater number of stomata than those of sensitive genotypes when  planted under shading condition.   Key words: Mungbean, leaf anatomy, tolerant, sensitive, shading
Co-Authors , Soemartono , Tohari M. Machmud Novita N. TITIK SUNDARI