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All Journal Jurnal Teknoin Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan Humantech : Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin Indonesia IJCR (Indonesian Journal of Chemical Research)
Khamdan Cahyari
Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknologi Industri, Universitas Islam Indonesia, Jl. Kaliurang Km 14,5 Yogyakarta
Religion Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Engineering Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering Public Health

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PENGARUH KONSENTRASI BUAH CABAI MERAH (Capsicum annum L.) DAN BUAH CABAI RAWIT (Capsicum frutescens L.) DALAM PRODUKSI BIOGAS DARI SAMPAH ORGANIK Cahyari, Khamdan; Sahroni, Alvin
Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan Vol 3, No 1 (2014): June 2014
Publisher : Semarang State University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jbat.v3i1.3096

Abstract

Meningkatnya kesejahteraan masyarakat Indonesia berdampak positif bagi peningkatan jumlah pasar tradisional dan komoditas perdagangannya. Namun, permasalahan sampah yang ditimbulkan oleh kegiatan perdagangan tersebut masih belum dapat ditangani dengan baik. Tidak hanya itu, sampah pasar tradisional yang hanya ditimbun di area tempat pembuangan akhir (TPA) telah menyebabkan pencemaran lingkungan berupa kontaminasi air tanah, emisi gas rumah kaca dan masalah kesehatan. Sampah pasar tradisional memiliki potensi yang besar untuk diolah menjadi biogas melalui metode anaerobic digestion. Dengan adanya mikroorganisme, proses ini mampu mendegradasi sampah organik menjadi bahan organik yang stabil dan biogas (metana dan karbondioksida). Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi proses tersebut adalah adanya senyawa-senyawa antibiotik yang terkandung dalam sampah. Senyawa capsaicinoid dalam sampah buah cabai merupakan senyawa yang berperan dalam rasa pedas cabai memiliki pengaruh negatif terhadap kinerja mikroorganisme dalam mendegradasi sampah menjadi biogas. Pengaruh konsentrasi buah cabai terhadap produksi biogas ini belum banyak diteliti dan diketahui sehingga perlu dilakukan penelitian untuk menentukan konsentrasi minimal yang menyebabkan proses inhibisi (penghambatan).Hasil penelitian membuktikan adanya pengaruh konsentrasi buah cabai (capsaicinoid) terhadap produksi biogas. Sampah pasar tradisional dengan konsentrasi 8 g VS/liter yang diumpankan terhadap konsorsium mikroorganisme tanpa adanya buah cabai menghasilkan yield biogas yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan sampah yang tercampur buah cabai. Semakin tinggi konsentrasi buah cabai semakin besar pengaruh penghambatannya (inhibition). Hal ini ditunjukkan dengan menurunnya yield biogas yang dihasilkan. Konsentrasi buah cabai yang menghasilkan yield optimal diperoleh pada nilai konsentrasi 5 dan 8 g VS/liter untuk cabai merah dan cabai rawit secara berturut-turut. Yield tertinggi biogas dan gas metana ialah  35 dan 12 ml/g VS (cabai rawit). Persentase reduksi VS relatif cukup tinggi mencapai 75%.The rising of Indonesian welfare has a positive impact towards the number of traditional market and its commodity. However, the problem of waste as a result of the market activity still not handled properly. Moreover, the waste of traditional market which remains in the landfill resulted in pollution such as groundwater contamination, green house emission and also health problems.The waste of traditional market has a big potential to be processed as biogas through anaerobic digestion method. With the presence of microorganism, this process is capable of degrading organic waste into stable organic material and biogas (methane and carbon dioxyde). One of the factor which affecting the process are the antibiotic components contained by the waste. Capsaicinoid which found in chili is the component which responsible to provide the spicy taste, has a negative effect towards the microorganism in degrading the waste into biogas. The effect of chili towards biogas production is not widely known that needs to be investigated, therefore a research needs to be conducted to determine the minimum concentration which resulted in inhibition process. The research result shows the influence of the concentration of chili (capsaicinoid) towards biogas production. Traditional market waste with 8g VS/litre which exposed to microorganism without the existence of chili reulted in higher amount of biogas than the one which mixed with chili. The bigger the concentration of chili, the bigger the inhibition. This is demonstrated by the the decreasing number of the yield of the biogas. The concentration of chili which can resulted in optimal yield production obtained at concentration value of 5 and 8 g VS/ litre for red chili and cayenne pepper respectively. The highest yield of biogas and methane are 35 and 12 ml/g VS (cayenne pepper). The VS reduction percentage is relatively high to 75%.
PENGARUH KONSENTRASI BUAH CABAI MERAH (Capsicum annum L.) DAN BUAH CABAI RAWIT (Capsicum frutescens L.) DALAM PRODUKSI BIOGAS DARI SAMPAH ORGANIK Cahyari, Khamdan; Sahroni, Alvin
Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan Vol 3, No 1 (2014): June 2014
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jbat.v3i1.3096

Abstract

Meningkatnya kesejahteraan masyarakat Indonesia berdampak positif bagi peningkatan jumlah pasar tradisional dan komoditas perdagangannya. Namun, permasalahan sampah yang ditimbulkan oleh kegiatan perdagangan tersebut masih belum dapat ditangani dengan baik. Tidak hanya itu, sampah pasar tradisional yang hanya ditimbun di area tempat pembuangan akhir (TPA) telah menyebabkan pencemaran lingkungan berupa kontaminasi air tanah, emisi gas rumah kaca dan masalah kesehatan. Sampah pasar tradisional memiliki potensi yang besar untuk diolah menjadi biogas melalui metode anaerobic digestion. Dengan adanya mikroorganisme, proses ini mampu mendegradasi sampah organik menjadi bahan organik yang stabil dan biogas (metana dan karbondioksida). Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi proses tersebut adalah adanya senyawa-senyawa antibiotik yang terkandung dalam sampah. Senyawa capsaicinoid dalam sampah buah cabai merupakan senyawa yang berperan dalam rasa pedas cabai memiliki pengaruh negatif terhadap kinerja mikroorganisme dalam mendegradasi sampah menjadi biogas. Pengaruh konsentrasi buah cabai terhadap produksi biogas ini belum banyak diteliti dan diketahui sehingga perlu dilakukan penelitian untuk menentukan konsentrasi minimal yang menyebabkan proses inhibisi (penghambatan).Hasil penelitian membuktikan adanya pengaruh konsentrasi buah cabai (capsaicinoid) terhadap produksi biogas. Sampah pasar tradisional dengan konsentrasi 8 g VS/liter yang diumpankan terhadap konsorsium mikroorganisme tanpa adanya buah cabai menghasilkan yield biogas yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan sampah yang tercampur buah cabai. Semakin tinggi konsentrasi buah cabai semakin besar pengaruh penghambatannya (inhibition). Hal ini ditunjukkan dengan menurunnya yield biogas yang dihasilkan. Konsentrasi buah cabai yang menghasilkan yield optimal diperoleh pada nilai konsentrasi 5 dan 8 g VS/liter untuk cabai merah dan cabai rawit secara berturut-turut. Yield tertinggi biogas dan gas metana ialah  35 dan 12 ml/g VS (cabai rawit). Persentase reduksi VS relatif cukup tinggi mencapai 75%.The rising of Indonesian welfare has a positive impact towards the number of traditional market and its commodity. However, the problem of waste as a result of the market activity still not handled properly. Moreover, the waste of traditional market which remains in the landfill resulted in pollution such as groundwater contamination, green house emission and also health problems.The waste of traditional market has a big potential to be processed as biogas through anaerobic digestion method. With the presence of microorganism, this process is capable of degrading organic waste into stable organic material and biogas (methane and carbon dioxyde). One of the factor which affecting the process are the antibiotic components contained by the waste. Capsaicinoid which found in chili is the component which responsible to provide the spicy taste, has a negative effect towards the microorganism in degrading the waste into biogas. The effect of chili towards biogas production is not widely known that needs to be investigated, therefore a research needs to be conducted to determine the minimum concentration which resulted in inhibition process. The research result shows the influence of the concentration of chili (capsaicinoid) towards biogas production. Traditional market waste with 8g VS/litre which exposed to microorganism without the existence of chili reulted in higher amount of biogas than the one which mixed with chili. The bigger the concentration of chili, the bigger the inhibition. This is demonstrated by the the decreasing number of the yield of the biogas. The concentration of chili which can resulted in optimal yield production obtained at concentration value of 5 and 8 g VS/ litre for red chili and cayenne pepper respectively. The highest yield of biogas and methane are 35 and 12 ml/g VS (cayenne pepper). The VS reduction percentage is relatively high to 75%.
UTILIZATION OF INDONESIAN SAGO HAMPAS WASTE FOR BIOHYDROGEN PRODUCTION: EFFECT OF DILUTE ACID PRETREATMENT Khamdan Cahyari; Utari Ervina Syafitri; Errenita Putri
Teknoin Vol. 22 No. 11 (2016)
Publisher : Faculty of Industrial Technology Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/teknoin.vol22.iss11.art5

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui produksi biohidrogen dari limbah sagu hampas di Indonesia terutama pada perlakuan pretreatment asam encer. Sampah sagu tersebut dihasilkan dari industri rumahan yang menghasilkan bubuk tapioka dari log Arengapinnata. Perlakuan pretreatment asam encer dilakukan dengan menggunakan asam sulfat (H2SO4) pada konsentrasi 0,27,3, dan 0,6 M dengan berbagai periode waktu paparan 30, 60 dan 90 menit. Setelah menyelesaikan pretreatment tersebut, sagu mengangkut limbah padat kemudian mengalami fermentasi gelap ar 30, 1 atm dan pH awal 5.0. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa total hasil gas berada pada kisaran 1 - 4 ml / g VS. Konsentrasi H2 meningkat secara signifikan pada maksimum 27,7% v. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa limbah sagu di Indonesia berpotensi menjadi sumber energi terbarukan biohidrogen.
Optimizing energy efficiency in cement production: The role of IIoT in sustainable manufacturing practices Alyousefi, Ahmed Mahmood Abdulhameed Abdullah; Cahyari, Khamdan
Humantech : Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin Indonesia Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): Humantech : Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin Indonesia
Publisher : Program Studi Akuntansi IKOPIN

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32670/ht.v4i2.5218

Abstract

One of the most energy-intensive businesses, cement has major environmental effects from high carbon emissions. Adoption of Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) technologies offers a workable way to maximize cement production, improve energy economy, and lower running expenses. The contribution of Industry 4.0 technologies—including IoT, artificial intelligence (AI), big data analytics, and cyber-physical systems—in changing cement manufacturing processes is investigated in this work. By means of a methodical assessment of secondary data sources, the study reveals important advantages, difficulties, and sustainability initiatives connected to IIoT deployment. The results imply that even if IIoT greatly increases production efficiency and lowers emissions, issues including high implementation costs and cybersecurity threats have to be taken care of. For industry players, legislators, and academics trying to propel digital change in cement production, the study offers useful information.
Sintesis Adsorben dari Cangkang Kelapa Sawit dengan Metode Delignifikasi - Microwave Alkali dan Uji Performanya pada Pemurnian Minyak Sawit Jelantah Cahyari, Khamdan; Alhusnah, Dara; zulkania, Ariany
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH Vol. 9 No. 2 (2024): Volume 9, ISSUE 2,2024
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/ijcr.vol9.iss2.art1

Abstract

Palm kernel shell (PKS), a byproduct accounting for up to 60% of palm oil production, is often used solely as fuel. However, due to its silica content, PKS can also function as an adsorbent. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of delignification on the quality of PKS as an adsorbent, specifically its ability to adsorb free fatty acids from used palm cooking oil. Delignification was performed using a microwave-alkali (Mw-A) method. Initially, PKS was cleaned, ground into powder, and sieved to 25 mesh. The powder was then delignified using Mw-A before activation with NaOH concentrations of 10%, 20%, and 30%. The temperature settings were 70⁰C, 80⁰C, and 90⁰C, with durations of 30, 35, and 40 minutes. The delignified PKS was carbonized at 400⁰C for 2 hours to produce the adsorbent. The adsorption capacity of each adsorbent was tested on free fatty acids in used palm cooking oil. Results indicated that the Mw-A assisted delignification significantly enhanced the adsorption efficiency, achieving a 55% adsorption capacity at 30% NaOH concentration, 90⁰C temperature, and 35 minutes. In comparison, PKS without Mw-A assisted delignification adsorbed only 32% of free fatty acids. It was showed that the adsorption kinetics belong to pseudo-first order reaction. Thus, delignification proved to be an effective pretreatment method to enhance PKS's adsorption capacity.
Co-Authors Alhusnah, Dara Alvin Sahroni Alyousefi, Ahmed Mahmood Abdulhameed Abdullah Errenita Putri Utari Ervina Syafitri Zulkania, Ariany