Mahmud Sudibandriyo, Mahmud
Departemen Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik Universitas Indonesia

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Karakteristik luas permukaan karbon aktif dari ampas tebu dengan aktivasi kimia Mahmud Sudibandriyo; L Lydia
Jurnal Teknik Kimia Indonesia Vol 10, No 3 (2011)
Publisher : ASOSIASI PENDIDIKAN TINGGI TEKNIK KIMIA INDONESIA (APTEKIM)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/jtki.2011.10.3.6

Abstract

Surface area characterization of activated carbon from sugarcane baggase by chemical activationAdsorption is one the process with many applications in the industries such as in a separation or in gas storage. In this adsorption, adsorbent selection is the most important thing. One of the adsorbent most suitable for this process is activated carbon. Previous studies show that high surface area of activated carbon can be produced from sugarcane bagasse using activator ZnCl2. The research’s goal is to produce activated carbon from sugarcane bagasse and determine the effects of activator on the surface area of activated carbon produced. Activators used in this research are KOH and ZnCl2 with the mass ratio of activator/carbon are 1/1, 2/1 and 3/1. The results show that The highest surface area, 938,2 m2/g, is obtained by activation using KOH with mass ratio of activator/carbon 3/1, whereas the highest surface area by activation using ZnCl2 is 632 m2/g with mass ratio of activator/carbon 2/1. For comparison, preparation of activated carbon by physical activation is also done and the surface area is 293 m2/g.Keywords: Activated carbon, chemical activation, sugarcane bagasse, KOH, ZnCl2 Abstrak Adsorpsi merupakan salah satu proses yang banyak digunakan dalam industri baik dalam pemisahan maupun untuk penyimpanan gas. Pada proses adsorpsi ini, pemilihan adsorben merupakan hal yang sangat penting. Salah satu jenis adsorben yang sangat cocok untuk proses ini adalah karbon aktif. Penelusuran studi sebelumnya menunjukkan bahwa karbon aktif dengan luas permukaan yang cukup tinggi dapat dibuat dari ampas tebu dengan menggunakan aktivator ZnCl2. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan karbon aktif dari ampas tebu dengan aktivasi kimia serta mengetahui pengaruh aktivator terhadap luas permukaan karbon aktif yang dihasilkan. Aktivator yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah KOH dan ZnCl2 dengan rasio massa aktivator/massa karbon 1/1, 2/1, dan 3/1. Aktivasi dilakukan pada temperatur 700 oC selama 1 jam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa luas permukaan tertinggi sebesar 938,2 m2/g diperoleh dengan aktivasi menggunakan KOH dengan rasio massa aktivator/massa arang 3/1, sedangkan aktivasi dengan menggunakan ZnCl2 diperoleh luas permukaan tertinggi sebesar 632 m2/g dengan rasio massa aktivator/massa arang 2/1. Sebagai pembanding, pada penelitian ini juga dilakukan pembuatan karbon aktif dengan metode aktivasi fisika dan diperoleh luas permukaan karbon aktif sebesar 293 m2/g.Kata kunci: Aktivasi kimia, ampas tebu, karbon aktif, KOH, ZnCl2
Sustainable Energy Governance in Developing Countries: A Case Study of Natural Gas Policy in Timor-Leste Barreto, Denilson Tilman Da Silva; Sudibandriyo, Mahmud
Economics, Business, Accounting & Society Review Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): Economics, Business, Accounting & Society Review
Publisher : International Ecsis Association

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55980/ebasr.v4i1.187

Abstract

The utilization of natural gas as a strategic resource for sustainable development in developing countries still faces multiple challenges, particularly in terms of equitable access and inclusive governance. This study aims to assess the sustainability of natural gas governance in Timor-Leste using the A4 framework (Availability, Accessibility, Affordability, Acceptability). A qualitative case study approach was employed, involving in-depth interviews with ten key stakeholders, including government officials, academics, energy company representatives, and local community members. Primary data were supported by the analysis of national policy documents and official petroleum sector reports, and examined through thematic analysis and source triangulation. The findings reveal a significant gap in perception between government and local communities across all four A4 indicators. While the government shows optimism regarding resource availability and technical feasibility, local communities report poor accessibility and affordability, having experienced little direct benefit. Public acceptability is rated as moderate, with limited participation and top-down communication approaches. The practical implication of this study highlights the need to shift the Petroleum Fund’s investment strategy toward domestic energy infrastructure and introduce inclusive subsidy policies. Theoretically, this study reinforces the importance of integrating natural resource theory, development economics, and investment strategy in shaping a fair and sustainable energy governance framework for post-conflict countries like Timor-Leste.