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Ambang pengecapan rasa asin pada wanita perokokSalty taste threshold in smoking women Muhammad Farhan; Sri Tjahajawati; Nani Murniati
Padjadjaran Journal of Dental Researchers and Students Vol 4, No 1 (2020): April 2020
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/pjdrs.v4i1.24819

Pendahuluan: Efek negatif panas asap dan kandungan rokok bagi perokok terjadi pada organ sensorik yang menyebabkan menurunnya fungsi pengecapan yang ditandai dengan peningkatan ambang pengecapan. Rokok membuat organ pengecapan atau taste buds berkontak dengan senyawa kimia yang terdapat dalam rokok dan cenderung membuat kemampuan taste buds menurun. Tujuan penelitian mengetahui ambang pengecapan rasa asin pada wanita perokok. Metode: Jenis penelitian deskriptif. Data yang diperoleh merupakan data sekunder dari penelitian Riset Fundamental Unpad (RFU) dimana pengambilan sampel pada penelitian data primer sebanyak 44 wanita perokok dan 91 wanita non perokok. Data objektif ambang pengecapan rasa asin diperoleh dengan meneteskan larutan NaCl pada permukaan lidah dengan berbagai konsentrasi. Data subjek lainnya diperoleh dari pengisian kuisioner. Hasil: Rata-rata ambang pengecapan rasa asin pada wanita perokok 0,025 M(> 0,01 M), ambang pengecapan rasa asin pada wanita non-perokok 0,023 M(>0,01 M), nilai ambang pengecapan rasa asin dengan konsumsi 10 batang rokok per hari selama 2-5 tahun dan lebih dari 6 tahun masing-masing 0,027 M dan 0,024 M. Rata-rata nilai ambang pengecapan rasa asin dengan konsumsi 20 batang rokok per hari selama 2-5 tahun dan lebih dari 6 tahun masing-masing 0,023 M dan 0,024 M. Rata-rata nilai ambang pengecapan rasa asin dengan konsumsi 25 batang rokok per hari selama lebih dari 6 tahun sebesar 0,03 M. Simpulan: Ambang pengecapan rasa asin pada wanita perokok dari nilai ambang normal.Kata kunci: Ambang pengecapan, rasa asin, wanita perokok. ABSTRACTIntroduction: The negative effect of cigarette smoke heat and its composition towards sensory organ includes decreasing taste sensibility that is indicated by an increase in the tasting threshold; thus, the function of taste decreases. Cigarettes causes taste buds to contact with chemical compounds composed in it and tends to caused insensitivity of taste buds. The objective of this study was to investigate the salty taste threshold in smoking women. Methods: The study was conducted by a descriptive method. The data obtained were secondary data from Universitas Padjadjaran Fundamental Research (RFU) consisted of 44 primary smokers and 91 non-smokers. The objective data of the salty taste tasting was obtained by dripping NaCl solution on the surface of the tongue with various concentrations. Other data subjects were obtained from filling out questionnaires. Results: The average salty taste threshold value obtained from smoking women was 0.025 M (> 0.01 M), and of non-smoking women was 0.023 M (> 0.01 M). The salty taste threshold value of women who consumed ten cigarettes per day for 2-5 years and more than 6 years were 0.027 M and 0.024 M, respectively. The average salty taste threshold value of women who consumed 20 cigarettes per day for 2-5 years and more than 6 years were 0.023 M and 0.024 M, respectively. The average salty taste threshold value of women who consumed 25 cigarettes per day for more than 6 years was 0.03 M. Conclusion: The salty taste threshold in smoking women had a higher tendency than normal.Keywords: Taste threshold, salty taste, smoking women.

Nilai ambang pengecapan rasa manis wanita perokok dan bukan perokokSweet taste threshold on smoking and non smoking women Nabillah Handika; Sri Tjahajawati; Nani Murniati
Padjadjaran Journal of Dental Researchers and Students Vol 4, No 2 (2020): Oktober 2020
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/pjdrs.v4i2.24816

Pendahuluan: Kebiasaan merokok merupakan kebiasaan yang memiliki banyak efek negatif bagi tubuh. Rokok membuat indera pengecapan (taste buds) terkontaminasi oleh senyawa kimia yang terkandung di dalam rokok dan membuat kemampuan indera pengecapan menurun. Rokok juga dapat menyebabkan kelainan sistemik, salah satunya diabetes mellitus karena dengan penurunan sensitivitas indera pengecapan maka perokok akan cenderung mengonsumsi gula dalam jumlah yang lebih banyak. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui gambaran nilai ambang pengecapan rasa manis pada wanita perokok Metode: Jenis penelitian deskriptif. Teknik pengambilan sampel simple random sampling. Sampel sebanyak 44 wanita perokok dan 91 wanita bukan perokok. Data objektif ambang pengecapan rasa manis diperoleh dengan meneteskan larutan glukosa pada permukaan lidah dengan berbagai konsentrasi. Data subjek lainnya diperoleh dari pengisian kuisioner. Tempat penelitian di lingkungan Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Unpad Bandung dan Jatinangor. Hasil: Usia rerata wanita perokok adalah 23 tahun. Rerata nilai ambang pengecapan rasa manis dengan konsumsi 10 batang rokok per hari selama 2-4 tahun dan lebih dari 4 tahun masing-masing 0,041M dan 0,043M. Rerata nilai ambang pengecapan rasa manis dengan konsumsi 20 batang rokok per hari selama 2-4 tahun dan lebih dari 4 tahun masing-masing 0,030M dan 0,037M. Rerata nilai ambang pengecapan rasa manis dengan konsumsi 25 batang rokok per hari selama lebih dari 4 tahun sebesar 0,043M. Usia rerata wanita bukan perokok berusia 21 tahun dengan nilai ambang pengecapan rasa manis yang paling banyak terjadi pada konsentrasi 0,01 M. Simpulan: Nilai ambang pengecapan rasa manis pada wanita perokok lebih tinggi bila dibandingkan dengan nilai ambang pengecapan rasa manis normal pada wanita bukan perokok.Kata kunci: Ambang pengecapan, rasa manis, wanita perokok, wanita bukan perokok. ABSTRACTIntroduction: Smoking habits have many adverse effects on the human body, such as decreasing of taste sensitivity. Cigarettes make the taste buds contaminated by chemical compounds contained in cigarettes, thus decrease the ability of the gustatory system. Cigarettes can also cause systemic abnormalities, one of which is diabetes mellitus because by decreasing the sensitivity of the gustatory system, smokers will tend to consume more sugar. This study was aimed to determine the sweet taste threshold on smoking women in the neighbourhood of the Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Padjadjaran in Bandung and Jatinangor. Methods: The research was conducted using descriptive method. The data obtained were secondary data from Unpad Fundamental Research (RFU) from 44 smokers and 91 nonsmokers as samples chose by simple random sampling method. The sweet threshold data was collected by giving a drop of glucose of different concentrations on the subject’s tongue. The other data needed were collected by filling the questionnaire. Results: The mean age of smoking women was 23-years-old. The mean value of sweet threshold of smoking women who consumed 10 cigarettes every day for 2-4 years and more than 4 years were 0.041 M and 0.043 M respectively. The mean value of sweet threshold of smoking women who consumed 20 cigarettes every day for 2-4 years and more than 4 years were 0.030 M and 0.037 M respectively. The mean value of sweet threshold of smoking women who consumed 25 cigarettes every day for more than 4 years was 0.043 M. The results also suggested that the mean age of smoking women was 23 years old with the sweet threshold modus of 0.01 M. Conclusion: Sweet taste threshold on smoking women smokers in the neighbourhood tend to increase from non-smoking women.Keywords: Taste threshold, sweet taste, smoking women, non-smoking women.

Hubungan lateralisasi hemisfer otak dengan dominasi sisi pengunyahanRelationship between brain hemisphere lateralization and the masticatory side dominance Sri Tjahajawati; Nabila Anisha; Mochammad Rodian; Anggun Rafisa
Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Padjadjaran Vol 31, No 3 (2019): Desember 2019
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/jkg.v31i3.23751

Pendahuluan: Lateralisasi hemisfer otak berdampak pada lateralisasi organ yaitu fenomena alami berupa penggunaan salah satu sisi organ dengan komponen simetris kanan dan kiri akan lebih dominan dibandingkan dengan sisi satunya. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari penggunaan tangan, kaki, telinga dan mata. Sisi pengunyahan memiliki pula kecenderungan dominasi pada salah satu sisi selama proses pengunyahan berjalan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat apakah ada hubungan antara lateralisasi hemisfer otak dengan dominasi sisi pengunyahan. Metode: Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah survei analitik dengan mengambil data primer dari 50 mahasiswa Universitas Padjadjaran dengan melakukan tes dominasi sisi pengunyahan dan tes lateralisasi organ tangan, kaki, telinga dan mata. Sisi dominan ditentukan dengan penghitungan menggunakan indeks lateralisasi, hasil penelitian diuji secara statistik dengan uji chi-square dan uji korelasi Phi antara pengunyahan dengan penggunaan organ tangan, kaki, telinga dan mata. Hasil: Uji korelasi chi-square dan Phi menunjukkan bahwa hubungan antara dominasi sisi mastikasi dengan lateralisasi tangan (p>0,05; r=0,175), kaki (p>0,05; r = 0,250), telinga (p>0,05; r=0,250) dan mata (p>0,05; r=0,055) semuanya lemah dan tidak signifikan. Simpulan: Tidak terdapat hubungan antara lateralisasi hemisfer otak dengan dominasi sisi pengunyahan.Kata kunci: Dominasi sisi pengunyahan, lateralisasi hemisfer otak, indeks lateralisasi. ABSTRACTIntroduction: Lateralization of the brain hemisphere has an impact on organ lateralization, a natural phenomenon in which the use of one side of the organ with symmetrical components will be more dominant than the other side. This condition can be seen from the use of hands, feet, ears, and eyes. The side of mastication also tends to be more dominant on one side during the mastication process. This study was aimed to investigate the relationship between brain hemisphere lateralization and the masticatory side dominance. Methods: This research was an analytical survey by collecting primary data from 50 students of Universitas Padjadjaran by conducting a mastication dominance test and lateralization of hands, feet, ears, and eyes. The dominant side was determined by calculating using the lateralization index; the results were then statistically tested with the chi-square and the Phi correlation test between mastication and the use of hands, feet, ears, and eyes. Results: The chi-square and Phi correlation test results showed that the relationship between mastication side dominance with lateralization of hands were p > 0.05, r = 0.175; legs were p > 0.05, r = 0.250); ears were p > 0.05, r = 0.250; and eyes were p > 0.05, r = 0.055; all showed a weak and insignificant correlation. Conclusion: There is no relationship between the brain hemisphere lateralization and the masticatory side dominance.Keywords: Masticatory side dominance, cerebral hemisphere lateralization, lateralization index.

Perbedaan pH saliva sesudah konsumsi kismis Thompson seedless raisinDifferences in the salivary pH after consumption of Thompson seedless raisin Ayu Vidya Putri; Sri Tjahajawati; Ame Suciati Setiawan
Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Padjadjaran Vol 30, No 2 (2018): Agustus
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Padjadjaran

Pendahuluan: Kismis Thompson seedless raisin (Vitis vinifera sultanina) mengandung fruktosa dan glukosa yang dapat meningkatkan rangsang manis. Rangsang manis akan meningkatkan sekresi saliva yang berpengaruh pada pH saliva. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui perbedaan pH saliva sebelum dan sesudah konsumsi kismis Thompson seedless raisin. Metode: Jenis penelitian eksperimental semu dengan analisis statistik uji Wilcoxon. Jumlah sampel 38 mahasiswa Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Padjadjaran berusia 18-24 tahun. Pengukuran pH saliva dilakukan sebelum dan sesudah mengonsumsi kismis Thompson seedless raisin. Hasil: Nilai rata-rata pH saliva sebelum mengonsumsi kismis Thompson seedless raisin adalah 6,87 dan sesudah mengonsumsi kismis Thompson seedless raisin adalah 7,20. Analisis statistik menunjukan peningkatan pH saliva yang bermakna (p-value < 0,05) antara sebelum dan sesudah mengonsumsi kismis Thompson seedless raisin. Simpulan: Terdapat peningkatan nilai pH saliva sebelum dan sesudah konsumsi kismis Thompson seedless raisin.Kata kunci: Kismis Thompson seedless raisin, pH saliva. ABSTRACT Introduction: Thompson seedless raisin (Vitis vinifera sultanina) contains fructose and glucose which can increase sweet stimulation bud. Sweet stimulation will increase salivary secretion which affects the salivary pH. The purpose of this study was to determine differences in the salivary pH before and after consumption of Thompson seedless raisin. Methods: This research type was quasi-experimental research with Wilcoxon test statistical analysis. The number of samples was as much as 38 dentistry students from Universitas Padjadjaran aged 18 – 24-years-old. Measurement of the salivary pH was performed before and after consuming Thompson seedless raisin. Result: The average value of salivary pH before consuming Thompson seedless raisin was 6.87 and after consuming Thompson seedless raisin was 7.20. Statistical analysis showed a significant increase in the salivary pH (p-value < 0.05) before and after consuming Thompson seedless raisin. Conclusion: There was a significant increase in the salivary pH value before and after consumption of Thompson seedless raisin.Keywords : Thompson seedless raisins, salivary pH.

Karakteristik pasien, jenis terapi, dan tingkat imunosupresi hasil terapi pada wanita penderita HIV/AIDS dengan kandidiasis oralPatient characteristics, type of therapy, and immunosuppression level of therapy outcomes in HIV/AIDS female patients with oral candidiasis An Nisaa Mardhatillah; Sri Tjahajawati; Irna Sufiawati
Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Padjadjaran Vol 32, No 2 (2020): Agustus 2020
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/jkg.v32i2.27552

Pendahuluan: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) adalah virus yang menyerang sel darah putih dan menyebabkan kumpulan gejala klinis yang disebut Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). HIV/AIDS menjadi faktor predisposisi infeksi kandidiasis oral. Ketidakadilan gender serta minimnya pengetahuan tentang kesehatan reproduksi dan hak seksualitas menyebabkan kerentanan penularan infeksi HIV/AIDS terhadap wanita. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik pasien, jenis terapi, dan tingkat imunosupresi pada wanita penderita HIV/AIDS dengan kandidiasis oral. Metode: Jenis penelitian deskriptif menggunakan data sekunder berupa rekam medis pasien HIV/AIDS tahun 2013-2017, dengan kriteria inklusi wanita penderita kandidiasis oral, terapi ARV, tingkat imunosupresi. berdasarkan jumlah sel T CD4. Kriteria eksklusi adalah penderita yang berhenti mengikuti penelitian sebelum selesai. Hasil: Terdapat 116 dari 328 (35%) pasien wanita penderita HIV/AIDS mengalami kandidiasis oral. Kelompok sosial mayoritas adalah ibu rumah tangga. Sejumlah 83 dari 84 sampel (99%) berada pada tingkat imunosupresi berat sebelum penerapan ARV. Jumlah wanita HIV/AIDS dengan kandidiasis oral terbanyak yaitu pada usia 20-30 tahun (44%), 68% berstatus ibu rumah tangga (atau tidak bekerja), dengan pendidikan terakhir mayoritas Sekolah Menengah Atas (SMA) sebanyak 53%, dan sebanyak 68% status pernikahannya menikah atau memiliki pasangan tetap. Simpulan: Sebagian besar wanita penderita HIV/AIDS mengalami infeksi oportunistik kandidiasis oral. Karakteristik wanita penderita HIV/AIDS adalah mayoritas berusia 20-30 tahun, memiliki tingkat pendidikan SMA, berasal dari kalangan ibu rumah tangga / tidak memiliki pekerjaan, dan memiliki status menikah atau memiliki pasangan tetap. Jenis terapi yang banyak diberikan adalah terapi ARV lini pertama. Tingkat imunosupresi pada wanita penderita HIV/AIDS dengan kandidiasis oral yang diberikan terapi ARV mayoritas masuk ke dalam kategori tingkat imunosupresi sedang.Kata kunci: Wanita, kandidiasis oral, HIV/AIDS. ABSTRACTIntroduction: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a virus that attacks white blood cells and causes several clinical symptoms called Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). HIV/AIDS is a predisposing factor for oral candidiasis infection. Gender inequality and lack of knowledge regarding reproductive health and sexuality rights lead to the vulnerability of HIV/AIDS infection in women. This study was aimed to determine the patient characteristics, type of therapy, and the immunosuppression level of therapy outcomes of the female patients with oral candidiasis. Methods: The research was descriptive using the secondary data from medical records of HIV-AIDS patients in the period of 2013-2017. Inclusion criteria were female patients with oral candidiasis, treated with ARV-type medication, immunosuppression based on the t-cell CD4 level. Results: There were 116 out of 328 (35%) HIV/AIDS female patients with oral candidiasis. The majority of the social groups were housewives. There was 83 out of 84 samples (99%) at the level of severe immunosuppression prior to the application of ARV medications. The highest number of HIV/AIDS female patients with oral candidiasis was at the age of 20-30 years (44%), 68% were housewives (or unoccupied), the majority of their last education was high school graduate (53%), and 68% of their marital status was married or had a permanent partner. Conclusion: Most HIV/AIDS female patients experience opportunistic infection (oral candidiasis). The patients’ characteristics were the majority in 20-30 years old age group, have a high school education level, homemakers / unoccupied, and have the marital status of married or had a permanent partner. The type of therapy mostly given was first-line ARV therapy. The majority of HIV / AIDS female patients with oral candidiasis who were given ARV therapy were in the moderate immunosuppression level.Keywords: Female, oral candidiasis, HIV/AIDS.

Saliva secretion difference before and after rinsing with baking soda on menopause women Dewi Anggraeni; Sri Tjahajawati; Rosiliwati Wihardja
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 19, No 1 (2007): March 2007
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Padjadjaran

Menopause women can experience a decrease in saliva secretion (decrease). To understand the clear picture about saliva secretion, the volume, flow rate, pH and viscosity were then measured. The aim of this research was to obtain a picture about the difference of saliva secretion before and after rinsing with baking soda on menopause women. The type of the research used was a laboratory quasi-experiment with comparative descriptive form. The technique used in this research is the survey method, and samples were taken using the multistage cluster random sampling method, and t-student statistical analysis. This research was conducted with the saliva collected with spitting method on 45 menopause women. The results show that the average volume, flow rate, pH and viscosity before rinsing with baking soda was 1.79 ml, 0.18 ml/minute, 7.40 and 0.81 mm2/second. The average volume, flow rate, pH and viscosity after rinsing with baking soda were 2.66 ml; 0.27 ml/minute; 8.67 and 0.78 mm2/second. Statistical analysis t-student on α = 0.05 shows volume changes, flow rate, pH and saliva viscosity before and after rinsing with baking soda was 0.873; 0.086; 1.273 and 0.037 respectively. The conclusion shows a significant difference between saliva secretion before and after rinsing with baking soda, and saliva secretion after rinsing with baking soda on menopause women.

Perbedaan volume, pH saliva dan kondisi rongga mulut wanita perokok dan non perokokThe differences of salivary volume, pH and oral cavity conditions of women smokers and non-smokers Alia Intan Kusuma Ramadhani; Sri Tjahajawati; Hening Tjaturina Pramesti
Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Padjadjaran Vol 34, No 2 (2022): Agustus 2022
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/jkg.v34i2.34906

ABSTRAK Pendahuluan: Prevalensi wanita perokok meningkat dari 4,2% menjadi 6,7% dari tahun 1995-2013. Bahaya rokok dapat berdampak kepada semua orang, namun wanita perokok memiliki risiko yang lebih tinggi. Panas hasil pembakaran rokok dan kandungan kimia yang terdapat dalam rokok dapat menyebabkan penurunan aliran darah dan fungsi kelenjar saliva yang memengaruhi kondisi rongga mulut wanita perokok. Tujuan penelitian menganalisis perbedaan nilai volume saliva, pH saliva dan kondisi rongga mulut antara wanita perokok dan non perokok. Metode: Jenis penelitian deskriptif komparatif. Data yang digunakan data sekunder dengan pengambilan sampel secara consecutive sampling. Penentuan jumlah sampel menggunakan Lemeshow. Data objektif volume saliva diperoleh dengan metode spitting dan pH saliva ditentukan menggunakan pH paper test. Data kondisi rongga mulut diperoleh dari pengisian kuesioner. Responden dalam penelitian ini 26 wanita perokok dan 26 wanita non perokok. Data volume dan pH saliva dianalisis dengan uji t independen dan data kondisi rongga mulut dianalisis dengan uji z parametrik dengan nilai signifikansi p<0,05. Hasil: Terdapat perbedaan signifikan pada sampel pH saliva (p=9,60) dan adanya kondisi karies (p=0,0523), dan tidak terdapat perbedaan signifikan pada volume saliva (p=1,25), ulserasi (p=0,3989), gusi berdarah (p=0,1237) dan mulut kering (p=0,0864) antara wanita perokok dan wanita non perokok. Simpulan: Terdapat perbedaan nilai pH saliva antara wanita perokok dan wanita non perokok. Tidak terdapat perbedaan pada nilai volume saliva dan kondisi rongga mulut antara wanita perokok dan wanita non perokok.Kata kunci: kondisi rongga mulut; pH saliva; volume saliva; wanita perokokABSTRACTIntroduction: The prevalence of female smokers increased from 4.2% to 6.7% on 1995 untill 2013. The dangers of smoking can affect everyone, but women who smoke have a higher risk. Burning cigarettes heat and the chemicals in cigarettes can cause a decrease in blood flow and salivary gland function. Then, it will affect the oral cavity condition of the women smoker. This study aimed to determine the difference in the value of saliva volume, salivary pH and oral cavity conditions between women smokers and non-smokers. Methods: This research was a comparative descriptive study. The data used was secondary with consecutive sampling, determination of the number of samples using the Lemeshow formula. Spitting method was used to obtain the objective data of saliva volume and the salivary pH was determined using the pH paper test. Oral cavity data condition was obtained using a questionnaire. The study subjects were 26 women smokers and 26 non- smokers. Salivary volume and pH data were analyzed by independent t-test and oral condition data were analyzed by parametric z-test with a significance value of p<0.05. Results: There was a significant difference in the saliva pH sample (p=9.60) and the presence of caries conditions (p=0.0523), and there was no significant difference in saliva volume (p=1.25), ulceration (p=0.3989), bleeding gums (p=0.1237) and dry mouth (p=0.0864) between women smokers and non-smokers. Conclusion: There was a difference in the salivary pH, and no difference in salivary volume and oral conditions between women smokers and non-smokers.Keywords: oral cavity conditions; salivary pH; salivary volume; women smokers

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