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Streptococcus sanguinis as an opportunistic bacteria in human oral cavity: Adherence, colonization, and invasion Pramesti, Hening Tjaturina
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 28, No 1 (2016): March
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Streptococcus sanguinis (formerly S. sanguis) is a Gram-positive, facultative anaerobe,Â nonmotile , normalÂ inhabitant of the human oral cavity, andÂ a member ofÂ the viridans group of streptococci. Among the streptococcus, S. sanguinis is aÂ primary colonizer in the human tooth surface or it is recognize as a âpioneerâ by forming dental plaque. The aim of this paper is to review the role of Streptococcus sanguinisÂ in the adherence to andÂ invasion ofÂ human tissues.Â S. sanguinisÂ has been reportedÂ that it is associatedÂ with healthyÂ toothÂ surfacesÂ but not with caries. S. sanguinisÂ tend to involved in an interspecies interactions with Streptococcus mutans, which is known asÂ competition/coexistence within dental biofilm.Â In their colonization, this bacteria used enzyme sortase A (SrtA) to cleaveÂ LPXTG-containing proteins sequence andÂ anchoredÂ theÂ cell wall, while virulence factorsÂ in infective endocarditisÂ involved housekeeping functions such as cell wall synthesis, amino acid and nucleic acid synthesis, and the ability to survive under anaerobic conditions.

Contaminant bacteria in traditional-packed honey Pramesti, Hening Tjaturina; Hardjawinata, Karlina; Fath, Putra Qadri
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 19, No 1 (2007): March
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Honey may be contaminated by microorganisms during its harvesting, processing, and packaging. Honey selected for clinical purposes must safe, sterile, and contain antimicrobial activity, so it must be evaluated using laboratory testing. The aim of this descriptive laboratory study was to isolate and identify the bacterial contaminant in the traditional-packed honey dealing with the use of honey for medical purposes. the colony forming units of honey sample cultured on blood agar were counted using Stuart bacterial colony counter. The suspected bacterial colonies were isolated and identified based on cultural morphology characteristics. The isolates of suspected bacterial colonies were stained according to Gram and Klein method and then were examined by the biochemical reaction. The results showed that there were two contaminant bacteria. Gram-positive cocci which were presumptively identified as coagulase-negative Staphylococci and gram-positive rods which were presumptively identified as Bacillus subtilis. In conclusion, the contaminant bacteria were regarded as low pathogen bacteria. The subtilin enzyme of B subtilis may cause an allergic reaction and coagulase-negative Staphylococci, Staphylococcus epidermidis is also an opportunist pathogen. Inevitably, for medical purposes, traditional-packed honey must be well filtered, water content above 18%, and standardized sterilization without loss of an antibacterial activity or change in properties.

Pengaruh obat kumur herbal jeruk nipis (Citrus aurantifolia) terhadap penurunan indeks plak gigi muridThe effect of herbal mouthwash containing lime(Citrus aurantifolia) in decreasing of index plaque Meirina Gartika; Warta Dewi; Hening Tjaturina Pramesti
Padjadjaran Journal of Dental Researchers and Students Vol 3, No 2 (2019): Oktober 2019
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Padjadjaran

Pendahuluan: Obat kumur herbal jeruk nipis dan klorheksidin dapat membantu menurunkan plak pada permukaan gigi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan efektifitas obat kumur herbal dan klorheksidin terhadap penurunan nilai indeks plak. Metode: Jenis penelitian berupa eksperimental semu dengan metode intervensi. Populasi penelitian adalah 200 siswa kelas 1 dan 2 di MTs Ma’Arif Jatinangor Sumedang. Teknik pengambilan sampel melalui purposive sampling dan didapat 25 siswa yang memenuhi kriteria. Semua siswa menggunakan kedua obat kumur dengan periode washed out. Pemeriksaan indeks plak sebelum dan sesudah pemakaian obat kumur menggunakan metode Oral Hyigiene Index Simplified (OHIS). Hasil: Sampai penelitian ini selesai, jumlah siswa yang diperiksa indeks plak sebelum dan sesudah penggunaan obat kumur hanya 14 orang karena selama penelitian beberapa siswa tidak dapat hadir. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai indeks plak sebelum dan sesudah menggunakan obat kumur herbal terjadi penurunan dari 1,27 menjadi 1,09, sedangkan klorheksidin meningkat dari 1,14 menjadi 1,28. Anak-anak lebih memilih obat kumur klorheksidin (64%) karena rasa yang lebih dapat diterima. Simpulan: Obat kumur herbal jeruk nipis mempunyai efek lebih baik dalam menurunkan plak.

Perbedaan volume, pH saliva dan kondisi rongga mulut wanita perokok dan non perokokThe differences of salivary volume, pH and oral cavity conditions of women smokers and non-smokers Alia Intan Kusuma Ramadhani; Sri Tjahajawati; Hening Tjaturina Pramesti
Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Padjadjaran Vol 34, No 2 (2022): Agustus 2022
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/jkg.v34i2.34906

ABSTRAK Pendahuluan: Prevalensi wanita perokok meningkat dari 4,2% menjadi 6,7% dari tahun 1995-2013. Bahaya rokok dapat berdampak kepada semua orang, namun wanita perokok memiliki risiko yang lebih tinggi. Panas hasil pembakaran rokok dan kandungan kimia yang terdapat dalam rokok dapat menyebabkan penurunan aliran darah dan fungsi kelenjar saliva yang memengaruhi kondisi rongga mulut wanita perokok. Tujuan penelitian menganalisis perbedaan nilai volume saliva, pH saliva dan kondisi rongga mulut antara wanita perokok dan non perokok. Metode: Jenis penelitian deskriptif komparatif. Data yang digunakan data sekunder dengan pengambilan sampel secara consecutive sampling. Penentuan jumlah sampel menggunakan Lemeshow. Data objektif volume saliva diperoleh dengan metode spitting dan pH saliva ditentukan menggunakan pH paper test. Data kondisi rongga mulut diperoleh dari pengisian kuesioner. Responden dalam penelitian ini 26 wanita perokok dan 26 wanita non perokok. Data volume dan pH saliva dianalisis dengan uji t independen dan data kondisi rongga mulut dianalisis dengan uji z parametrik dengan nilai signifikansi p<0,05. Hasil: Terdapat perbedaan signifikan pada sampel pH saliva (p=9,60) dan adanya kondisi karies (p=0,0523), dan tidak terdapat perbedaan signifikan pada volume saliva (p=1,25), ulserasi (p=0,3989), gusi berdarah (p=0,1237) dan mulut kering (p=0,0864) antara wanita perokok dan wanita non perokok. Simpulan: Terdapat perbedaan nilai pH saliva antara wanita perokok dan wanita non perokok. Tidak terdapat perbedaan pada nilai volume saliva dan kondisi rongga mulut antara wanita perokok dan wanita non perokok.Kata kunci: kondisi rongga mulut; pH saliva; volume saliva; wanita perokokABSTRACTIntroduction: The prevalence of female smokers increased from 4.2% to 6.7% on 1995 untill 2013. The dangers of smoking can affect everyone, but women who smoke have a higher risk. Burning cigarettes heat and the chemicals in cigarettes can cause a decrease in blood flow and salivary gland function. Then, it will affect the oral cavity condition of the women smoker. This study aimed to determine the difference in the value of saliva volume, salivary pH and oral cavity conditions between women smokers and non-smokers. Methods: This research was a comparative descriptive study. The data used was secondary with consecutive sampling, determination of the number of samples using the Lemeshow formula. Spitting method was used to obtain the objective data of saliva volume and the salivary pH was determined using the pH paper test. Oral cavity data condition was obtained using a questionnaire. The study subjects were 26 women smokers and 26 non- smokers. Salivary volume and pH data were analyzed by independent t-test and oral condition data were analyzed by parametric z-test with a significance value of p<0.05. Results: There was a significant difference in the saliva pH sample (p=9.60) and the presence of caries conditions (p=0.0523), and there was no significant difference in saliva volume (p=1.25), ulceration (p=0.3989), bleeding gums (p=0.1237) and dry mouth (p=0.0864) between women smokers and non-smokers. Conclusion: There was a difference in the salivary pH, and no difference in salivary volume and oral conditions between women smokers and non-smokers.Keywords: oral cavity conditions; salivary pH; salivary volume; women smokers

Aktivitas antibakteri fraksi etanol Capsicum annuum L. (cabai merah rawit domba) terhadap Streptococcus mutans ATCC 25175: Studi eksperimental Garinanda, Yasmine Aliyah; Yohana, Winny; Pramesti, Hening Tjaturina
Padjadjaran Journal of Dental Researchers and Students Vol 8, No 2 (2024): Juni 2024
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/pjdrs.v8i2.55925

Pendahuluan: Karies gigi adalah infeksi bakteri pada rongga mulut yang mengakibatkan kerusakan lokal pada struktur gigi. Salah satu bakteri penyebab karies adalah Streptococcus mutans sehingga pengontrolan pertumbuhan bakteri ini diduga menurunkan risiko karies. Capsicum annuum L. (Cabai Merah Rawit Domba) diyakini memiliki aktivitas antibakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan aktivitas antibakteri, konsentrasi hambat minimum (KHM) dan konsentrasi bakterisidal minimum (KBM) fraksi etanol C. annum (FECA) terhadap S. mutans ATCC 25175 secara in vitro. Metode: Jenis penelitian ini adalah eksperimental laboratoris menggunakan metode pengenceran seri dengan Chlorhexidine Gluconate 0,2% sebagai kontrol positif dan campuran media Brain Heart Infusion Broth dan suspensi S. mutans sebagai kontrol negatif. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji statistik Mann-Whitney. Hasil: FECA pada konsentrasi 0.625-900 mg/ml tidak menghambat pertumbuhan S. mutans. Tidak terdapat perbedaan rata-rata absorbansi yang signifikan antara FECA pada konsentrasi 0.625-900 mg/ml dan kontrol negatif berdasarkan uji Mann Whitney. Terdapat pertumbuhan koloni S. mutans pada subkultur FECA pada konsentrasi 50-900 mg/ml di media Brain Heart Infusion Agar. Simpulan: Fraksi etanol C. annuum varietas Cabai Merah Rawit Domba Kabupaten Pangalengan tidak memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap S. mutans ATCC 25175.

In vitro effectiveness of the filtration in three and four layered surgical masks after a few hours exposure of S. aureus: experiment study Putri, Aliati; Yasrin, Tadeus Arufan; Pramesti, Hening Tjaturina; Arief, Erry Mochamad
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 35, No 3 (2023): November 2023
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/pjd.vol35no3.50260

ABSTRACTIntroduction: Surgical masks commonly have many layers. The outer layer acts as the initial filtration and the protection for the middle layer, the middle layer acts as the primary filtration, and the innermost layer absorbs liquid to prevent the spread of droplets from the mask's wearer. The recommended duration of wearing medical and fabric masks is 4–6 hours, while some studies stated that the maximum duration is 8 hours. The use of S. aureus in this study was based on its clinical relevance as a major cause of nosocomial infections. This study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of the filtration in three-layer and four-layer masks against S. aureus. Methods: This experimental study followed the methods of previous research, and followed the Standard Test Method from SNI 8489 2018 with several adjustments consisting of several steps, i.e., preparation of tested masks, bacterial culture media, and tested bacteria; determination of masks’ filtration efficacy; confirmation of the efficacy. All steps were repeated 15 times with exposure times of 2, 4, 6, and 8 hours and analysis using the chi-square test. Results: The percentage of surgical masks filtration effectiveness was indicated by the growth of S. aureus in Nutrient Agar media. The four-layer surgical masks showed the highest percentage (80%) of 2 hours and 4 hours of usage. Both types showed the lowest percentage of 8 hours of usage. Based on the duration of wearing, the mask's filtration effectiveness from the highest and lowest score was the S. aureus-exposed media for 2, 4, 6, and 8 hours, respectively p<0.050. The comparison value for the effectiveness of mask filtration between the type of masks and the length of use was 0.003. Conclusion: The filtration effectiveness of the four-layer masks is higher than the three-layer masks according to the duration of wearing the masks.Keyword : Surgical masks, filtration, duration, S.aureus

Immunoexpression of Ki-67 in determining prognosis of oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma Kintawati, Silvi; Pramesti, Hening Tjaturina
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 31, No 2 (2019): July 2019
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/pjd.vol31no2.22888

Introduction: Several researchers have been stated that the right prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) can be achieved through assessment of tumor clinical staging and tumor histopathological grading as well. The use of biomarker in histopathological grading is obviously helpful to ensure the prognosis. Objective of this study was to determine the correlation between expression of Ki-67 and histopathological grading of OSCC. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted by assessing 20 cases of paraffin-embedded OSCC derived from the Department of Pathology Anatomy of Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung in 2013. The OSCC performing was stained by hematoxylin-eosin. While, antibodies Ki-67 was used in immunohistochemistry reaction to determine the relation of expression of Ki-67 with histopathologic grade of OSCC for predicting a prognosis. Results: The result show that distribution of Ki-67 expression were vary from 20% to 80% in each case. Ki-67 intensity was also distributed from weak, moderate and strong. Conclusion: There is a significant correlation between Ki-67 immunoexpression and the histopathological grading of squamous cell carcinoma (p < 0.01), thus, Ki-67 can be used to predict a prognosis.Keywords: Immunoexpression, Ki-67, prognosis, oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma

The Streptococcus mutans ability to survive in biofilms and during dental caries formation: scoping review Anisauma UTAMANİNGYAS; Hening Tjaturina PRAMESTİ; Felisha Febriane BALAFİF
Journal of Syiah Kuala Dentistry Society Vol 7, No 2 (2022): December 2022
Publisher : Dentistry Faculty

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/jds.v7i2.30295

Caries are the deterioration of dental hard tissue caused by acidic byproducts of bacterialcarbohydrate fermentation. The formation begins within the bacterial biofilm that covers the tooth's surface. Streptococcus mutans is the dominant bacteria in the biofilm, forming a multispecies biofilm on the tooth surface, growing, and surviving within it. S. mutans colony formation and acid formation can lead to tooth demineralization. The purpose of this scoping review is to determine the ability of S. mutans to survive in biofilms and during the formation of dental caries using articles from the chosen database. Articles published from 2016 until 2021 were searched for using the keywords: "Streptococcus mutans and caries or dental caries and survival ability or survivability and survival factor" in the PubMed, ScienceDirect, Cochrane, and Google scholar databases. Using PRISMA-Scr, existing articles were chosen based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. There were ten articles found that were suitable for review. The data presented in the article vary according to the study's location, purpose, method, and samples. The finding revealed that S. mutans survive in biofilms and caries formation due to their ability to activate enzymes, virulence factors of S. mutans, and the environmental conditions of the oral cavity. Aciduric; acidogenic; quorum sensing; ability to form GTFs, GBPs, ATPase, CSP, eDNA; and the ability to produce bacteriocin and autolysins all contribute to Streptococcus mutans' ability to survive in biofilms and during the formation of dental caries KEYWORDS: biofilm, caries, survival ability, survival factor, Streptococcus mutans.

Bacterial profile in children with early childhood caries Sinta Dwi ARDIYANTINI; Hening Tjaturina PRAMESTİ; Meirina GARTIKA
Journal of Syiah Kuala Dentistry Society Vol 7, No 2 (2022): December 2022
Publisher : Dentistry Faculty

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/jds.v7i2.30239

Early Childhood Caries (ECC) is the most common chronic infectious disease of childhood in the world, caused by the interaction of the host (oral cavity), substrate, microbes, and time. Bacteria as microbes that play a role in the formation of ECC have been widely studied. This study aims to determine the bacterial profile in children with ECC and to compare the oral microbial profiles in children with ECC and caries-free children (CF). Methods: This study uses a scoping review method. Article searches were performed on the PubMed, Science Direct, Cochrane, and Google Scholar databases, using the keyword and Boolean operator "(early childhood caries) AND (profile bacterial OR bacterial) AND (children)." The initial search obtained 1356 articles. All articles were then selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria using the PRISMA procedure to receive 14 articles. Results: Analysis of 14 articles showed that 11 articles reported that Streptococcus mutans had high levels of ECC in children. Other bacteria with lesser numbers were Provetella, Veillonella, S. wiggsae, S. sobrinus, Lactobacillus, Leptrotrichia shahii, and Leptrotrichia IK04. Neisseria, Streptococcus mitis, Streptococcus salivarius, and Leptotrichia buccalis were found in CF children. Other bacteria such as Hemophilus paraphrohaemolyticus HK411, Neisseria sicca 4320, Neisseria sp. oral clones AP132, Actinobacillus pleuro-pneumoniae MCCM 00189, and Streptococcus sp. ASCE06 oral clone was found in CF children but not in ECC children, while Lactobacillus sp C56 was found in half of ECC children and not in CF children. Conclusion: Streptococcus mutans levels in children with ECC are high, so they are assumed to be the main bacteria causing ECC. The bacterial profiles of ECC and CF children are different in species diversity. KEYWORDS: Early Childhood Caries, Bacterial, Children

Plants for oral biofilms eradication: literature review Amatul Firdaustia PRATIWI; Hening Tjaturina PRAMESTI; Faisal KUSWANDANI
Journal of Syiah Kuala Dentistry Society Vol 6, No 2 (2021): December 2021
Publisher : Dentistry Faculty

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/jds.v6i2.24193

ABSTRACT Oral Biofilm is a collection of microbial cell colonies related to periodontal diseases and caries. Biofilmbacteria were more resistant to antimicrobial agents than in the planktonic phase. The rapid progression of bacterialresistance to antimicrobial agents such as chlorhexidine has encouraged researchers to find alternative antimicrobialagents from natural plant products with low side effects. The purpose of this review was to summarize plants thatcontain bioactive compounds for biofilm eradication in terms of preventing caries and periodontal diseases. Themethod was used Systematic Review without Metha Analysis. Articles to be reviewed were searched from Pubmed,Cochrane, Science Direct, and Google Scholar databases using the PRISMA method and hand searching. The lastselected articles were analyzed using narrative analysis. There are 1,610 articles specified in the first stage and only18 articles left in the final extraction stage. Plants that contain bioactive compounds for oral biofilm eradicationinclude Piper betle (betel), Psidium sp., Mangifera sp., Mentha sp., Caesalpinia sappan (secang), Baccharis dracunculifolia,Laurus nobilis L. (dafnah), Croton nepetaefolius, Salvadora persica (miswak), Dryopteris crassirhizoma, Diospyros kakiThunb. (persimmon), Ginkgo biloba, Azadirachta indica (neem), Camellia sinensis, Lippia alba, Cymbopogon citratus(lemongrass), Citrus aurantifolius, Tamarindus indica (sour), Syzygium cumini (jamblang), Emblica officinalis (malacca),Acacia Arabica (prickly acacia), Terminalia chebula (myrobalan), Terminalia bellerica (bahera), Carica papaya, Ocimumbasilicum L. (basil), and Myrmercodia pendans. These plant bioactive compounds are belong to the group of alkaloids,terpenoids, and polyphenols which were tested in the form of single compounds or mixtures, especially againstStreptococcus mutans. In conclusion, 26 plant species have reported containing bioactive compounds tested in theform of single or mixed extracts to eradicate oral bacterial biofilm. KEYWORDS: Plants, eradication, natural products, oral biofilm

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