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All Journal Hukum Islam Aqlam: Journal of Islam and Plurality Al-Maslahah Justisia Ekonomika
chamim tohari
Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya
Religion Economics, Econometrics & Finance Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

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PEMANFAATAN TANAH NON-SERTIFIKASI MENURUT HUKUM PERJANJIAN BARAT & ISLAM (Studi Kasus Rencana Pemanfaatan Tanah oleh PT. Solusi Bangun Indonesia dengan Pemerintah Desa Sawir, Kecamatan Tambakboyo, Kabupaten Tuban) ario patra nugraha; chamim tohari
Jurnal Justisia Ekonomika: Magister Hukum Ekonomi Syariah Vol 5 No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30651/justeko.v5i1.8767

Abstract

This research discusses about the status of land rights whose ownership has been not clear yet, which is the object of cooperation in utilization between the Sawir Village Government and PT Solusi Bangun Indonesia Tbk, according to the laws and principles in force in Indonesia. The problems that will be answered in this study include: (1) What is the status of land rights that are used as objects of utilization between the Sawir Village Government and PT Solusi Bangun Indonesia Tbk? (2) How is the land use cooperation between Sawir Village Government and PT Solusi Bangun Indonesia Tbk according to Western and Islamic Covenant Law? This type of research is a qualitative research, while the approach used is an empirical juridical approach, namely legal research that functions to see the laws that apply in the community. The results of this research are: (1) According to the Sawir Village Government, the land belongs to the Village Government as evidenced by the existence of a field map in the village C book. Meanwhile, according to the Tuban Regency Government, the Tuban Regency National Land Agency, and PT Solusi Bangun Indonesia Tbk, the land ownership is not registered and cannot be claimed as an asset of Sawir Village. According to Law Number 5 of 1960 concerning Basic Regulations on Agrarian Principles article 19 paragraph 1, the land cannot be referred to as land belonging to Sawir Village until the certification is completed on behalf of the village. And to get the ownership certificate, the Sawir Village Government must register or submit an application for ownership of the land to the National Land Agency of Tuban Regency. (2) According to the Islamic Covenant Law, the status of the land does not meet the requirements as an object of the agreement. This is because the land has not been legally proven to be owned by the Sawir Village Government. Whereas one of the main requirements for the validity of an agreement is that the object of the agreement must be legally owned by one of the parties who entered into the agreement.Keywords: Utilization, Non-Certified Land, Covenant Law, Customary Rights
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM PEMBELI HAK ATAS TANAH BERDASARKAN PERJANJIAN PENGIKATAN JUAL BELI SECARA BERTINGKAT OLEH NOTARIS MENURUT PRINSIP-PRINSIP EKONOMI SYARIAH troy permata saprutro; chamim tohari
Jurnal Justisia Ekonomika: Magister Hukum Ekonomi Syariah Vol 4 No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30651/justeko.v4i2.6867

Abstract

The agreement of a transaction is a prelimenary agreement before the main agreement (AJB) done in front of the PPAT. PPJB often causes a problem when the right of the land is treated as a commodity by the seller and it is not registered its changes in Agrarian Office. The registration may be done after the right of the land is changed into the lastest buyer.The approach of this research uses the approach of laws and the conceptual approach. The result of the analysis is concluded as the law protection of the latest buyer in accord with Government Regulations No. 24 of 1997 about the land registration, so that the Notary in maing PPJB has an obligation to pay attention to the principles of caution and the risks because of law concerning the document of the buyer.Key words : Agreement of transaction; document of transaction; the right of the land and the building. 
ANALISIS UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 2 TAHUN 2012 TENTANG PEMBERIAN GANTI RUGI ATAS PROYEK PENGADAAN TANAH UNTUK KEPENTINGAN UMUM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM ISLAM Chamim Tohari
Hukum Islam Vol 18, No 1 (2018): HUKUM KELUARGA DAN EKONOMI SYARIAH
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah dan hukum Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24014/hi.v18i1.6170

Abstract

This research focused to analyze arrangements about implementation of the loss subtitution gift for a land deliverance in the process of the land supplying which is attached in Indonesian‟s Contitution Number 2 Year 2012 in the perspective of Islamic Law. The problem which will answered in the research is about the arrangements is it according to the concept of the loss subtitution gift in Islamic law? The research is a normative law research library research type which is use a comparative analysis method as a method used to supply the answer of the problem in the research. The results of the research there are: First, in the perspective of fiqh problem in the research. The results of the research there are: First, in the perspective of fiqh importance reconstruction has been according to the concept of kafâlah in the conference and the loss substitution gift stage when agreement about the amount of the loss substitution reached . However in the next stage when the owner of land do not agree about amount of the loss substitution gift, the constitution has not been according to the concept ot kafâlah particularly, and the principles of the fiqh muamalah generally. Second, based on the fiqh siyasah perspective, the constitution can be concluded that it has been according to the principles of fiqh siyasah. Because the infra structure development for the general importance has been relevance to the maslahah of the citizen and the nation. Based on this argument, all of the citizen of Indonesia have to obey the constitution for the maslahah realization.
PEMBAHARUAN KONSEP MAQĀSID AL-SHARĪ’AH DALAM PEMIKIRAN MUHAMAMAD ṬAHIR IBN ‘ASHUR Chamim Tohari
Al-Maslahah : Jurnal Ilmu Syariah Vol 13, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah (Syari'ah Faculty )

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (272.409 KB) | DOI: 10.24260/almaslahah.v13i1.915

Abstract

Abstract This research discuss about the thought of maqāsid al-sharī’ahby Muhammad Ṭahir Ibn ‘Ashur. To limit this discussion, i just focus to discuss two important matters, it is; First, how is concept of maqāsid al-sharī’ahin the thought of Ibn ‘Ashur? Second, how is construct of thought of the maqāsid al-sharī’ahIbn Ashur? This is a library research with content analysis as its method. The sources of this research is Ibn ‘Ashur’s thoughts in his books. The results of this research is; First, before Ibn ‘Ashur’s period, the thoughts of maqāsid al-sharī’ahhas been finding its formation in the several familier categories which mentioned by al-uṣūl al-khamsah (five of the based principles). Every principle have three level, it isdarūriyāt, al-hajjiyāt, and taḥsināt/al-tazyināt. Second, in the Ibn Ashur’s period, the thoughts of maqāsid al-sharī’ahhas renewed by Ibn ‘Ashur in the new formation as purity (al-fitrah), tolerance (al-samahah), benefit (al-maslahah), equality (al-musāwah), and freedom (al-hurriyah) as parts of the maqāsid al-sharī’ah. From the scope aspect, the validity of the Ibn ‘Ashur’s thought about maqāsid al-sharī’ahappearly have more universal character than thought of maqāsid al-sharī’ahbefore. However, the weekness of the Ibn ‘Ashur’s thought is that maqāsid al-sharī’ahthought by Ibn ‘Ashur have not clarity and explanation about the level of priority and it’s method to applicated in the Islamic Law. Abstrak Penelitian ini mengkaji tentang pemikiran maqāsid al-sharī’ahMuhammad Ṭāhir Ibn ‘Ashūr. Untuk membatasi kajian ini, penulis memfokuskan hanya pada dua masalah pokok, yakni; Pertama, bagaimana konsep maqāsid al-sharī’ahsebelum datangnya Ibn ‘Ashur? Kedua, bagaimana konstruksi pemikiran maqāsid al-sharī’ahyang digagas Ibn ‘Ashur? Penelitian ini adalah penelitian pustaka dengan konten analisis sebagai metode analisisnya. Sumber kajian ini adalah pemikiran maqāshidIbn ‘Ashur yang termuat dalam karyanya. Hasil penelitian iniadalah: Pertama, sebelum masa Ibn ‘Ashur, pemikiran maqāsid al-sharī’ahtelah menemukan bentuknya dalam beberapa kategori yang terkenal dengan istilah al-uṣūl al-khamsah, dimana masing-masing dariprinsip dasar tersebut memiliki tingkatan darūriyāt, al-hajjiyāt, dan taḥsīnāt/al-tazyīnāt. Kedua, pada masa Ibn ‘Ashur, pemikiran maqāsid al-sharī’ahmengalami pembaharuan hingga menghasilkan fitrah (al-fitrah), toleransi (al-samahah), maslahat (al-maslahah), kesetaraan (al-musawah), serta kebebasan (al-hurriyah) sebagai bagian darimaqāsid al-sharī’ah. Dari sisi cakupannya, keberlakuan maqāsid al-sharī’ahdalam pemikiran Ibn ‘Ashurtampak lebih universal dibanding dengan pemikiran maqāsid al-sharī’ahsebelumnya. Namun demikian, pemikiran Ibn ‘Ashur memiliki kelemahan darisisi ketidakjelasan tingkatan prioritasnya serta aplikasi metode penerapannya dalam hukum Islam.
KONSEP IJMA’ DALAM USHUL FIQH DAN KLAIM GERAKAN ISLAM 212 Chamim Tohari
Aqlam: Journal of Islam and Plurality Vol 4, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : IAIN Manado

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (648.312 KB) | DOI: 10.30984/ajip.v4i2.1009

Abstract

AbstrackThis research discusses about the results of ijtima 'ulama issued some time ago ahead of the 2019’s presidential elections in Indonesia and afterward. This research aims to answer the following problems: (1) Are the decisions of ijtima 'ulama claimed to be the result of ijma' in line with the concept of ijma’ in ushul fiqh? (2) How were the decisions of ijtima' they claimed as the result of ijma' viewed according to the concept of fatwa in Islamic law? The research used a descriptive analitical method where the author in this study analyzes the data obtained and then interpreted them based on the perspective of the ijma’ theory. The results of this research are: (1) The agreements produced by ijtima' ulama regarding their political choices fail to be categorized as ijma’ results because the decisions do not meet to the ijma requirements in ushul fiqh. Namely; not being produced by the mujtahid ulama. Further, the decisions made are not related to Islamic law (such as taklifi laws), and the decisions do not reflect the political views of prominent ulamas (moslem scholars) in Indonesia, especially in the world. (2) The decision of ijtima’ ulama is also not worth mentioning as a fatwa which is one form of Islamic law, because there is no a clear legal basis in their ijtihad method, or scientific analysis. Finally, their ijtima’s result does not come out from the competent and qualified people having authority in the field of law. Key Words: Ijma’, Ijtima’, Ijtihad, Politic, 212.AbstrakPenelitian ini membahas tentang hasil keputusan ijtima’ ulama yang dikeluarkan beberapa waktu lalu menjelang pelaksanaan pemilu di Indonesia dan sesudahnya. Penelitian ini difokuskan untuk menjawab beberapa permasalahan berikut ini: (1) Apakah keputusan ijtima’ ulama yang diklaim sebagai hasil ijma’ tersebut sejalan dengan konsep ijma’ dalam ilmu ushul fiqh? (2) Bagaimana keputusan ijtima’ ulama yang diklaim sebagai hasil ijma’ tersebut apabila dilihat menurut konsep fatwa dalam hukum Islam? Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menemukan jawaban dari dua pertanyaan tersebut. Adapun metode penelitian yang penulis gunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif dimana penulis dalam penelitian ini hendak melakukan analisis data yang diperoleh dan kemudian melakukan penafsiran terhadap objek penelitian berdasarkan perspektif ilmu ushul fiqh. Hasil penelitian ini adalah: (1) Kesepakatan yang dihasilkan oleh ijtima’ ulama tentang pilihan politik mereka tidak dapat dikategorikan sebagai hasil ijma’ karena keputusan tersebut tidak memenuhi persyaratan-persyaratan ijma’ dalam ilmu ushul fiqh, seperti tidak diputuskan oleh para ulama yang telah mencapai derajat sebagai mujtahid, keputusan yang dihasilkan tidak berkaitan dengan hukum Islam (seperti hukum-hukum taklifi), serta keputusan tersebut tidak mencerminkan representasi pandangan politik para ulama terkemuka di Indonesia, lebih-lebih di dunia. (2) Keputusan ijtima’ ulama juga tidak layak disebut sebagai fatwa yang mana merupakan salah satu bentuk hukum Islam, karena tidak adanya landasan hukum yang jelas, metode ijtihad, apalagi analisis ilmiah. Selain itu keputusan tersebut juga tidak keluar dari orang yang layak dipandang sebagai orang yang berwenang atau mumpuni untuk memutuskan hukum.Keywords: Ijma’, Ijtima’, Ijtihad, Politic, 212.
KONSEP IJMA’ DALAM USHUL FIQH DAN KLAIM GERAKAN ISLAM 212 Chamim Tohari
Aqlam: Journal of Islam and Plurality Vol 4, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : IAIN Manado

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30984/ajip.v4i2.1009

Abstract

AbstrackThis research discusses about the results of ijtima 'ulama issued some time ago ahead of the 2019’s presidential elections in Indonesia and afterward. This research aims to answer the following problems: (1) Are the decisions of ijtima 'ulama claimed to be the result of ijma' in line with the concept of ijma’ in ushul fiqh? (2) How were the decisions of ijtima' they claimed as the result of ijma' viewed according to the concept of fatwa in Islamic law? The research used a descriptive analitical method where the author in this study analyzes the data obtained and then interpreted them based on the perspective of the ijma’ theory. The results of this research are: (1) The agreements produced by ijtima' ulama regarding their political choices fail to be categorized as ijma’ results because the decisions do not meet to the ijma requirements in ushul fiqh. Namely; not being produced by the mujtahid ulama. Further, the decisions made are not related to Islamic law (such as taklifi laws), and the decisions do not reflect the political views of prominent ulamas (moslem scholars) in Indonesia, especially in the world. (2) The decision of ijtima’ ulama is also not worth mentioning as a fatwa which is one form of Islamic law, because there is no a clear legal basis in their ijtihad method, or scientific analysis. Finally, their ijtima’s result does not come out from the competent and qualified people having authority in the field of law. Key Words: Ijma’, Ijtima’, Ijtihad, Politic, 212.AbstrakPenelitian ini membahas tentang hasil keputusan ijtima’ ulama yang dikeluarkan beberapa waktu lalu menjelang pelaksanaan pemilu di Indonesia dan sesudahnya. Penelitian ini difokuskan untuk menjawab beberapa permasalahan berikut ini: (1) Apakah keputusan ijtima’ ulama yang diklaim sebagai hasil ijma’ tersebut sejalan dengan konsep ijma’ dalam ilmu ushul fiqh? (2) Bagaimana keputusan ijtima’ ulama yang diklaim sebagai hasil ijma’ tersebut apabila dilihat menurut konsep fatwa dalam hukum Islam? Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menemukan jawaban dari dua pertanyaan tersebut. Adapun metode penelitian yang penulis gunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif dimana penulis dalam penelitian ini hendak melakukan analisis data yang diperoleh dan kemudian melakukan penafsiran terhadap objek penelitian berdasarkan perspektif ilmu ushul fiqh. Hasil penelitian ini adalah: (1) Kesepakatan yang dihasilkan oleh ijtima’ ulama tentang pilihan politik mereka tidak dapat dikategorikan sebagai hasil ijma’ karena keputusan tersebut tidak memenuhi persyaratan-persyaratan ijma’ dalam ilmu ushul fiqh, seperti tidak diputuskan oleh para ulama yang telah mencapai derajat sebagai mujtahid, keputusan yang dihasilkan tidak berkaitan dengan hukum Islam (seperti hukum-hukum taklifi), serta keputusan tersebut tidak mencerminkan representasi pandangan politik para ulama terkemuka di Indonesia, lebih-lebih di dunia. (2) Keputusan ijtima’ ulama juga tidak layak disebut sebagai fatwa yang mana merupakan salah satu bentuk hukum Islam, karena tidak adanya landasan hukum yang jelas, metode ijtihad, apalagi analisis ilmiah. Selain itu keputusan tersebut juga tidak keluar dari orang yang layak dipandang sebagai orang yang berwenang atau mumpuni untuk memutuskan hukum.Keywords: Ijma’, Ijtima’, Ijtihad, Politic, 212.
Co-Authors ario patra nugraha troy permata saprutro