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All Journal Jurnal Metalurgi dan Material Indonesia
Ghiska Ramahdita
Departemen Teknik Metalurgi dan Material, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Indonesia, Depok
Automotive Engineering Chemistry Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering

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Addition of Sodium Dodecyl Benzene Sulfonate as Surfactant in Water-based Nanofluid with Al2O3 particles for Quench Medium Application Fatih Abdul Syauqi; Achmad Fauzi Trinanda; M. Asykar Bangun; Ghiska Ramahdita; Sri Harjanto; Wahyuaji Putra
Jurnal Metalurgi dan Material Indonesia Vol. 1 No. 2 (2018): Desember
Publisher : Badan Kerja Sama Pendidikan Metalurgi dan Material (BKPMM)

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Rapid cooling is an important step in the metal heat treatment industry to increase the materials hardness. To obtain this high cooling rate, good quality quench medium is a must. However, low thermal conductivity is a primary limitation in fluid used for this purpose. Nowadays, a higher thermal conductivity fluid are widely developed by using nanofluids. Nanofluids are created by suspending particles with average sizes below 100 nm in fluid base such as water, oil, diesel, ethylene glycol, etc. Aluminium oxide (Al2O3) can be used as mentioned particle because of its high thermal conductivity characteristic. In addition, the thermal conductivity of Al2O3 will increase with the decreasing of the particle size because the surface area of the particle increased.However, Most of the nanofluids with Al2O3 particle are prepared by using an ultrasonic stirring which is not stable for a longer time. Therefore, surfactant is needed to stabilize the nanofluid.In this research, 1 – 5% of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonates (SDBS) was added as surfactant into 100 ml water-based nanofluid with 0.5% volume Al2O3. Commercial grade Al2O3 powder was used in the experiment and milled for 10 hours at 500 rpm. As for surfactant, a commercially available household bodycare product which contain SDBS was used. Initial result by Scanning Electron Microscope showed that the particle size after milling were more than 100 nm. This nanofluid was then used as quenching medium for S45C medium carbon steel which heated at 1000°C for 1 hour. Hardness and microstructure observation were conducted for the steel samples. From the hardness result, SDBS addition lower the hardness of quenched S45C sample to 568 HV, compared with 636 HV for nanofluid without SDBS. This mean that SDBS reduce the cooling rate of nanofluid quenchant.
Effect of Sodium Dodecyl Benzene Sulfonate Addition as Surfactant in Carbon Nanofluid for Quench Medium Application Maulana Naufalino; Mohammad Ilham Daradjat; Ravanya Nabilla Ramadhani Parawansa; Benediktus Ma'dika; Ghiska Ramahdita; Sri Harjanto; Wahyuaji Narottama Putra
Jurnal Metalurgi dan Material Indonesia Vol. 1 No. 2 (2018): Desember
Publisher : Badan Kerja Sama Pendidikan Metalurgi dan Material (BKPMM)

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Nanofluids, which are fluids containing suspensions of nanoparticles, have been reported to have higher thermal conductivity than conventional fluid, e.g. water, oil, etc. Because of this characteristic, nanofluids are very attractive in heat transfer applications, such as quenching medium for heat treatment process. This unique characteristic is caused by the nanoparticles inside the fluid that have higher thermal conductivity, thus perform better on heat absorption and heat transfer. By varying the nanoparticles content in the fluid base, the cooling rate can be controlled in accordance with the desired characteristics of the material. Carbon is used as a nanoparticle because of the low cost and environmental friendly characteristics, but still have relatively high thermal conductivity. Unfortunately, carbon nanoparticle is highly hydrophobic. Therefore, surface modification is needed by using surfactant in the nanofluids. In this paper, Sodium Dodecyl Benzene Sulfonate (SDBS) was used as surfactant from 1, 3, and 5% in 100 ml water-based nanofluid with 0.5% volume carbon. The carbon powder used in this research was commercial grade, and ball-milled for 10 hours at 500 rpm to reduce the particle size. Commercially available household bodycare product which contain SDBS was used for surfactant source. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) showed that the particle size after milling were roughly 10 µm. Medium carbon steel, S45C, was heated at 1000°C for 1 hour, and then quenched using this nanofluid. Microstructure observation showed martensite phase formation after quenching. Hardness test confirmed this phase, showing hardness up to 949 HV after quenching using surfactant added nanofluid.
Observasi Nanofluid dengan TiO2 sebagai Partikel Nano dan Sodium Dodecyl Benzene Sulfonate sebagai Surfaktan untuk Aplikasi Media Quench Andreas Sugiarto; Aldi Alfarizi; Luthfi Dali Ahmad; Setyoaji Fajar Negara; Ghiska Ramahdita; Sri Harjanto; Wahyuaji Narottama putra
Jurnal Metalurgi dan Material Indonesia Vol. 2 No. 2 (2019): Agustus
Publisher : Badan Kerja Sama Pendidikan Metalurgi dan Material (BKPMM)

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Heating and cooling process in heat treatment is a common process to increase the mechanical properties of steel component. Rapid cooling, or quenching, is needed to change the microstructure to obtain the desire hardness. Recently, nanofluid is widely used as a medium for quenching because of their advantage in heat thermal conductivity compared with conventional medium such as water or oil. Nanofluid is a liquid with high thermal conductivity nanoparticle suspended in the fluid base. The variation of nanoparticles content in nanofluids could control the cooling rate to optimize the desired characteristics of a material. TiO2 is widely used as nanoparticle because of its high thermal conductiviy, relatively cheap and environmental friendly. To improve the suspension of TiO2 nanoparticle in nanofluid, surfactant is added. In this research, Commercial grade TiO2 powder was used as nanoparticle, and common household bodycare which contain Sodium Dodecyl Benzene Sulfonate (SDBS) was used as the source of surfactant. The nanofluid was produced by mixing 100 ml water with 0.1% volume TiO2, and additional 1%, 3%, and 5% SDBS surfactant as variation. Before mixing, the TiO2 powder were milled at 500 rpm for 10 hours. This nanofluid was then used as quenching medium. The steel used as sample in this experiment was S45C medium carbon steel, heated at 1000°C for 1 hour. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) was used to determine the TiO2 particle size after milling, and showed roughly less than 100 nm. Microstructure observation showed martensite phase formation after quenching. Hardness test confirmed this phase, showing hardness up to 954 HV after quenching using surfactant added nanofluid.
Co-Authors Achmad Fauzi Trinanda Aldi Alfarizi Andreas Sugiarto Benediktus Ma'dika Fatih Abdul Syauqi Luthfi Dali Ahmad M. Asykar Bangun Maulana Naufalino Mohammad Ilham Daradjat Ravanya Nabilla Ramadhani Parawansa Setyoaji Fajar Negara Sri Harjanto Wahyuaji Narottama Putra Wahyuaji Putra