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MAQĀṢIḌ SHARĪ’AH SEBAGAI METODE PENGGALIAN HUKUM ISLAM: ANTARA AL-GHAZĀLĪ, AL-SHAṬIBĪ, DAN AL-ṬŪFĪ A. Halil Thahir
EMPIRISMA: JURNAL PEMIKIRAN DAN KEBUDAYAAN ISLAM Vol 25, No 1 (2016): Ushul Fiqh
Publisher : IAIN Kediri

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30762/empirisma.v25i1.733

Abstract

Islam comes to bring goodness to mankind. In practice Islamic law must deal with new issues that demand new legal solutions as well. It is often that a partial legal approach produces partial legal products by altering the welfare that is at the heart of Islamic Sharī’ah. The maqāṣid al-sharī’ah approach can be a way for the development of Islamic law which is oriented towards human welfare so that Islam as raḥmatan lil-‘ālamīn can really be realized. This article seeks to examine the development of the concept of maqāṣid al-sharī’ah by emphasizing the characteristic of the three main figures of different schools of thought: al-Ghazālī, al-Shaṭibī, al-Ṭūfī. Keywords: Maqāṣid al-Sharī’ah, Maṣlaḥah, Islamic Law
METODOLOGI FATWA MAJELIS ULAMA INDONESIA: Telaah atas Fatwa Bidang Ibadah, Sosial dan Budaya denganPendekatan Maqasid Al-Shari’ah A. Halil Thahir
Qawanin: Jurnal of Economic Syaria Law Vol 4 No 2 (2020): Juli
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah IAIN Kediri

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1357.853 KB) | DOI: 10.30762/qawanin.v4i2.4066

Abstract

Tulisan ini membahas tentang metodologi  fatwa majelis ulama Indonesia (MUI) di bidang ibadah, sosial dan  budaya. Penelitian ini menelaah dan mengungkap dari persoalan berikut : 1. metodologi penetapan fatwa MUI dalam bidang ibadah, sosial, dan budaya perspektif ijtihad maqasidi 2. interkoneksitas maslahah fatwa MUI dalam bidang ibadah, sosial, dan budaya, dengan menggunakan pendekatan maqasid al-shari’ah. Penelitian ini adalah merupakan penelitian kepustakaan (library research). Sumber data penelitian ini adalah fatwa Majelis Ulama Indonesia (MUI) dalam bidang ibadah, sosial, dan budaya yang dari tahun 1975 hingga 2015 yang termaktub dalam buku “Himpunan Fatwa MUI Sejak 1975 (Edisi Terbaru)” yang diterbitkan oleh Emir Jakarta pada tahun 2015 sebagai sumber primer, maupun dari literatur, buku, atau dokumen-dokumen tertulis terkait lainnya sebagai sumber sekunder. Teknik pengumpulan datanya menggunakan Studi Dokumenter terhadap bahan-bahan kepustakaan tenatng fatwa Majelis Ulama Indonesia (MUI). Sedangkan dalam melakukan analisis data akan digunakan Content Analysis (analisis isi), yang akan digunakan dalam menganalisa isi dari fatwa Majelis Ulama Indonesia (MUI) di bidang ibadah, sosial dan budaya. Secara metodologis, dalam fatwa bidang agama MUI mengesampingkan pendekatan mashlahah di luar kemaslahatan agama itu sendiri. Sementara dalam fatwa bidang sosial dan budaya, mashlahah menjadi pertimbangan penting dalam memutuskan fatwa, dengan tetap mempertimbangkan graduasi kekuatan maslahah (dharuriyat, hajiyat, dantahsiniyat) dan graduasi al-kulliyat al-khams. Kemudian, Interkoneksitas mashlahah (ittishaliyat al-mashalih) Fatwa MUI dalam ranah agama, sosial dan buadaya merupakan pandangan dunia (world view)  dalam melihat dan menyelesaikan problem tersebut, dengan ketentuan sebagai berikut : Pertama, ketika interkoneksi tersebut berhadapan dengan masalah agama maka MUI mengabaikan kemaslahatan di luar ranah agama ; Kedua, mempertimbangakan aspek dharuriyat, hajiyat, dan tahsiniyat ; Ketiga, mempertimbangkan kaidah : المصالح العامة مقدمة على المصالح الخاصة (kemaslahatan umum didahulukan atas kemaslahatan khusus). This paper discusses the fatwa methodology of the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) in worship, society and culture. This study examines and reveals the following issues: 1. methods for determining the MUI fatwa in the fields of worship, social, and culture from the maqasidi ijtihad perspective. 2. interconnectivity of the MUI fatwa maslahah in the fields of worship, social, and culture? using the maqasid al-shari'ah approach. This research is library research (library research). The data source of this research is the fatwa of the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) in the fields of worship, social and culture, which from 1975 to 2015 is contained in the book "The Association of MUI Fatwa Since 1975 (Latest Edition)" published by the Emir of Jakarta in 2015 as primary sources, as well as from literature, books, or other related written documents as secondary sources. The data collection technique uses a documentary study of library materials regarding the fatwa of the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI). Meanwhile, in conducting data analysis, Content Analysis will be used, which will be used to analyze the content of the fatwa of the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) in the fields of worship, social, and culture. Methodologically, in the religious fatwa, the MUI has ruled out the maslahah approach outside of the benefit of religion itself. Meanwhile, in social and cultural fatwas, mashlahah becomes an important consideration in deciding the fatwa while still considering the graduation of maslahah power (dharuriyat, hajiyat, and tahsiniyat) and al-kulliyat al-khams graduation. Then, the interconnection of mashlahah (ittishaliyat al-mashalih) The MUI fatwa in the realm of religion, social and culture is a world view in seeing and solving the problem, with the following provisions: First, when the interconnection deals with religious issues, MUI ignores benefits outside the realm of religion; Second, consider the aspects of dharuriyat, hajiyat, and tahsiniyat; Third, consider the rules: ( المصالح العامة لى المصالح الخاصةpublic benefit takes precedence over particular benefit).
ارتباط مقاصد الشريعة بأصول الفقه في استنباط الأحكام من النصوص Irtibathu Maqashidi as-Syari’ati Biushuli al-Fiqhi fi Istinbathi al-Ahkami min an-Nushushi A. Halil Thahir
Qawanin: Jurnal of Economic Syaria Law Vol 5 No 2 (2021): Desember
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah IAIN Kediri

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1239.114 KB) | DOI: 10.30762/qawanin.v5i2.2575

Abstract

Tulisan ini mengkaji hubungan antara Maqashi al-syariah dengan Ushul fiqh dan kaidahkaidahnya dalam memahami nash dan mengeluarkan (istinbath) hukum-hukum darinya. Permasalahan utamanya adalah apa hubungan antara Maqashi al-syariah dengan Ushul fiqh dalam menurunkan hukum dari nash dan penerapannya? Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pustaka. Datanya diambil dari sumber perpustakaan, baik primer maupun sekunder. Metode pengumpulan datanya adalah dokumentasi, yang dikumpulkan secara tertulis.Hasil dalam tulisan ini adalah sebagai berikut. Hubungan antara Maqashid al-syariah dengan Ushul fiqh bahwa dalam meksplorasi nash penggunaan Maqashid al-syariah yaitu sejalan dengan kaidah-kaidah Ushul Fiqh. Setiap suatu kaidah Ushul Fiqh memiliki hubungannya sendiri dengan Maqashid al-syari’ah. Hubungan antara maqashidsyari’ah dan kaidah Ushul Fiqhdapat digambarkan sebagai berikut: 1) hubungan antara maqashid dan kaidah ‘am, ada dalam tiga bentuk: hubungan antara maqashid dengan kaidah ‘amketika ditentukan, hubungan antara maqashid dengan kaidah “’Ibrah itu dalam keumuman kata,bukan kekhususan sebab”, dan hubungan antara maqashid dengan ‘am ketika sebagian unsurnya bertentangan dengan mashlahah. 2) Hubungan antara maqashid Syariah dengankaidah isytirak,baik isytirak pada kata isim, fi’il, maupun harf. 3)Hubungan antara maqashid Syariah dengan kaidah khas. 4) Hubunganmaqashid syariah dengan kaidah muthlaq, yaitu hubungan maqashid dengan muthlaq yang terus menerus dan hubungan maqashid dengan muthlaqyang terbatas. 5) Hubungan maqashid syariah dengan kaidah nahi, yaitu hubungan maqashid dengan pembatasan yang dipertimbangkan dan hubungan maqashid dengan kaidah amar, 6) Hubungan maqashid syariah dengan kaidah haqiqat yaitu meninggalkan haqiqat yang masih mungkin demi mewujudkanmaqashid, dan mendahulukan majazdaripada haqiqat karena mempertimbangkan maqashid. 7) Hubunganmaqashid syariah dengan kaidah majaz,dan 8) Menghubungkan maqashid syariah dengan aturan perintah dan larangan.
Tafsir Maqasidi: Membangun Paradigma Tafsir Berbasis Mashlahah M. Ainur Rifqi; A. Halil Thahir
Millah: Journal of Religious Studies Vol. 18, No. 2, Februari 2019 Aktualisasi Mashlahah pada Ranah Domestik, Muamalah, Budaya, dan Dasar
Publisher : Program Studi Ilmu Agama Islam Program Magister, Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/millah.vol18.iss2.art7

Abstract

Artikel ini akan membahas seluk-beluk tafsir Maqashidi, mulai dari sejarah, pemahaman dan hubungannya dengan metode penafsiran lainnya, dan langkahlangkah (masalik) dalam tafsir Maqashidi. Tafsir Maqashidi, yang istilahnya telah muncul baru-baru ini, sebenarnya praktis ada sejak fase pertama dari interpretasi al-Qur’an, yaitu di era shahabah dan tabi’in. Jadi dalam praktiknya, tafsir Maqashidi bukanlah sesuatu yang baru dalam kajian tafsir Alquran. Berdasarkan mashlahah, tafsir Maqashidi memiliki posisi penting yang memediasi dua interpretasi arus utama, yaitu interpretasi pandangan harfiah (tekstual) dan interpretasi kontekstual. Dengan keistimewaan ini, diharapkan bahwa tafsir Maqashidi dapat benar-benar mewujudkan tujuan utama ajaran Islam secara umum, dan syari’at Islam pada khususnya. Penelitian ini adalah jenis normatif dengan pendekatan maqashid al-shari’ah. Sumber data berasal dari sumber sekunder dengan bahan primer, yaitu kitab-kitab ushul. Hasil penelitian ini memberikan penjelasan bahwa Tafsir Al-Qur’an, sebagai sebuah proses maupun produk, tidak mungkin bisa dilepaskan dari tujuan mendatangkan mashlahah sebagai tujuan utama dari maqashid al-shari’ah. Oleh karenanya adanya tafsir berparadigma maqashid syari’ah, Tafsir maqashidi, merupakan suatu keniscayaan. Langkahnya meliputi: 1)Teks dan hukum tergantung pada tujuannya (al-Nu?u? wa al-Ahkâm bi Maqashidiha), 2) Mengumpulkan antara Kulliyât al-’Ammah dan Proposal Khusus, 3) Membawa Manfaat dan Mencegah Kerusakan Secara Benar-benar (Jalbu al-Mashalih wa Dar’u al-Mafasid), dan 4) Mempertimbangkan dampak hukum (I’tibar al-Maalat).
Metode Tafsir Hamka dalam Tafsir Al-Azhar Ananda Rizki Prianka Putri; A. Halil Thahir; Robingatun Robingatun; Khaerul Umam
Gunung Djati Conference Series Vol. 29 (2023): Conference on Islamic Civilization (CIC)
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

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Abstract

This study aims to discuss the interpretation method used by Hamka in Tafsir Al-Azhar. This study uses a qualitative approach by applying descriptive analytical methods. The formal object of this research is the method of exegesis used by Hamka in his commentary book, while the material object is Tafsir Al-Azhar which is studied using the method of exegesis. The results of the research and discussion show that the method of interpretation used by Hamka in Tafsir Al-Azhar is based on the source, namely a combination of the bil ma'tsur method and the bil ra'yi method, while based on the target verse Hamka uses the tahlili method and the tafshili method in terms of explaining the interpretation.
Tradisi Tahlilan sebagai Akulturasi Budaya dan Agama Naili Sahila Rohmah; A. Halil Thahir; Moh. Muwaffiqillah; Zainal Muttaqin
Gunung Djati Conference Series Vol. 29 (2023): Conference on Islamic Civilization (CIC)
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

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Abstract

There are various kinds of culture in Indonesia related to Islam, one of which is tahlilan. Before the existence of Islam in Indonesia, society was very much bound by traditions passed down from generation to generation, and was a religion taught by Hindu-Buddhist religions. Until Islam spread widely, which was spread by Wali Songo. They spread Islam by inserting the teachings of Islam in traditions that are already attached to society. Until now, we still often encounter tahlilan in Indonesia, but there are some people who are starting to leave tahlilan. They think that tahlilan is a bid`ah tradition, because it was not taught at the time of the Prophet. But there are also those who think that the tahlilan tradition already has its foundation from the Qur'an and the hadith of the prophet. In conclusion, tahlilan is one of the acculturation of Islamic culture and religion, which aims to convey sympathy and empathy for families who have been stricken by death. Tahlilan is a syar`i tradition or in other words, it is a traditional shari`at.
Ziarah Wali dalam Tradisi Masyarakat Ivatul Ulla; A. Halil Thahir; Hasan Basri; M. Qomarul Huda
Gunung Djati Conference Series Vol. 29 (2023): Conference on Islamic Civilization (CIC)
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

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Abstract

The purpose of this study is to discuss the pilgrimage of saints in the traditions of the community. The research method used is a qualitative approach by applying participant observation methods, interviews and case studies. The results of the discussion found that the wali pilgrimage is one of the Islamic religious traditions that has many different meanings and motivations for Muslims. This tradition can also be a place to increase a sense of spirituality, strengthen unity and tolerance, and preserve the history and traditions of the Islamic religion. Many practices carried out by the community include: praying, visiting graves, bringing souvenirs, asking questions and reading holy books. This practice has become part of the culture of society. so as to be able to generate motivation for the community, one of which is: Increasing a sense of spirituality, receiving blessings, emulating the saints, preserving history and increasing unity and tolerance. In conclusion, the wali pilgrimage tradition is an important practice in society and has great spiritual, social, and economic impacts. However, visitors must respect local rules and regulations and pay attention to the environmental impact in maintaining the continuity of the pilgrimage pilgrimage practice.
Ketidaksetaraan Gender dalam Kajian Tasawuf Desty Rahmawati; A. Halil Thahir; Robingatun Robingatun; Ach. Shodiqil Hafil
Gunung Djati Conference Series Vol. 29 (2023): Conference on Islamic Civilization (CIC)
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

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Abstract

The purpose of this research is to discuss gender inequality in the study of Sufism. This study uses a qualitative approach with the method of library research (library research) by collecting relevant literature and then analyzing it according to the problems discussed. The results and discussion of this study is that there is gender inequality in the study of Sufism which is characterized by a lack of attention to female Sufis. This invites the public's perception that a Sufi is a man. The lack of attention to female Sufis is due to society's lack of trust in the spiritual level of female Sufis and also the limited space for women to move in the social order.