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All Journal Seminar Nasional Aplikasi Teknologi Informasi (SNATI) JUTI: Jurnal Ilmiah Teknologi Informasi Setrum : Sistem Kendali-Tenaga-elektronika-telekomunikasi-komputer JETT (Jurnal Elektro dan Telekomunikasi Terapan) Jurnal Mirai Management Venus: Jurnal Publikasi Rumpun Ilmu Teknik Mars: Jurnal Teknik Mesin, Industri, Elektro dan Ilmu Komputer Jurnal Kendali Teknik dan Sains
Wirawan Wirawan
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Automotive Engineering Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Dentistry Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Electrical & Electronics Engineering Engineering Library & Information Science

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Analisis Pengaruh Jumlah Pengambilan Foto Dan Intensitas Cahaya Terhadap Penyimpangan Dimensi Model 3D Hasil Reverse Engineering Teknik Fotogrametri M. Iqbal Adhitama; Wirawan Wirawan
Jurnal Kendali Teknik dan Sains Vol. 3 No. 3 (2025): Juli: Jurnal Kendali Teknik dan Sains
Publisher : International Forum of Researchers and Lecturers

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59581/jkts-widyakarya.v3i3.5377

Abstract

Reverse engineering is the process of reproducing or recreating an existing model—whether it is a component, subassembly, or complete product—without relying on the original design documentation or CAD data. One of the key techniques that supports this process is photogrammetry, a method that utilizes a series of photographic images to identify, capture, and reconstruct the geometry of physical objects in three dimensions. Photogrammetry offers advantages such as low cost, portability, and non-contact data acquisition, making it a valuable tool in various engineering and industrial applications. This study aims to analyze the influence of two important factors—namely, the number of photographs taken and the intensity of lighting—on the dimensional accuracy or deviation of 3D models produced through photogrammetry-based reverse engineering. A quantitative experimental approach was used, where both variables were systematically varied to evaluate their effect on model precision. Data analysis was conducted using a Two-Way ANOVA factorial test to determine the statistical significance of each factor and their interaction. The experimental results revealed that using 54 photographs yielded the lowest average dimensional deviation among all tested conditions, although the difference was not statistically significant. Similarly, variations in light intensity showed no statistically significant effect on accuracy, but visually, an illumination level of 200–250 lux tended to provide more consistent and stable model outputs. No significant interaction was found between the two variables, indicating that they operate independently in affecting model accuracy. Overall, the combination of 54 photographs and a light intensity of 250 lux was visually identified as the most effective setup. The findings of this research contribute to the optimization of photogrammetry workflows in reverse engineering, offering practical insights for producing high-quality CAD models for use in design, prototyping, and manufacturing processes.
Analisis Pengaruh Pencahayaan dan Sensitivitas Sensor Kamera terhadap Penyimpangan Dimensi Hasil Pemindaian Fotogrametri dalam Proses Reverse Engineering Ochnata Charis Yulianto; Wirawan Wirawan
Jurnal Kendali Teknik dan Sains Vol. 3 No. 3 (2025): Juli: Jurnal Kendali Teknik dan Sains
Publisher : International Forum of Researchers and Lecturers

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59581/jkts-widyakarya.v3i3.5378

Abstract

Photogrammetry is a technique for measuring and modeling three-dimensional objects by utilizing digital imagery from various perspectives. In the context of reverse engineering, this technique serves to duplicate, reconstruct, and analyze the dimensions of physical objects with a high degree of accuracy. The main advantage of photogrammetry lies in its ability to capture the details of the shape and texture of objects without the need for physical contact. However, the quality of photogrammetry scan results is greatly influenced by a number of technical factors, especially lighting and camera sensor sensitivity (ISO) settings. Variations in these two parameters can cause deviations or dimensional deviations in the resulting 3D model. This study aims to quantitatively evaluate the influence of lighting intensity and camera ISO setting on dimensional deviation in photogrammetry scan results. The research method used is experimental, where the dimensions of the scanned object are compared to the original dimensions using precision measuring instruments. The results showed that both the lighting level and the ISO setting had a significant influence on the accuracy level of the 3D model. The ideal lighting intensity range was found to be in the range of 125–150 lux, where shadows and light reflections could be minimized. Meanwhile, the use of low ISO (around 200) is able to produce cleaner image textures and minimize noise, resulting in smaller dimensional deviations. Additionally, the interaction between moderate lighting and low ISO is proven to provide the best scanning accuracy. This combination is able to maintain a balance between image quality and surface detail of the object. These findings not only provide practical recommendations regarding the regulation of scanning conditions, but can also serve as a guideline for industry practitioners and academics in improving the quality of reverse engineering results. With a proper understanding of lighting and ISO variables, the photogrammetry process can be optimized to produce more accurate and efficient 3D models.
Analisis Pengaruh ISO Kamera dan Shutter Speed terhadap Penyimpangan Dimensi pada Fotogrametri dalam Reverse Engineering Muhammad Jauhari Fikkri; Wirawan Wirawan
Jurnal Kendali Teknik dan Sains Vol. 3 No. 3 (2025): Juli: Jurnal Kendali Teknik dan Sains
Publisher : International Forum of Researchers and Lecturers

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59581/jkts-widyakarya.v3i3.5379

Abstract

Photogrammetry is an important technique in the reverse engineering process to reconstruct 3D images without requiring initial design data. This technique allows the creation of digital models of physical objects through processing a series of two-dimensional images. This study aims to analyze the effect of camera ISO settings and shutter speed on the level of dimensional deviation in the reconstructed 3D model. The method used is an experiment with a quantitative approach, involving a series of software for the 3D image reconstruction process, mesh structure preparation, and digital dimension measurement. The ISO variations used in the image capture were 250, 400, 500, and 800, while the shutter speed variations applied included 1/125 second, 1/100 second, 1/50 second, and 1/25 second. The test object was a cylinder with an actual diameter of 50 mm. The obtained 3D model results were compared with the actual dimensions through a Two-Way ANOVA statistical analysis to test the significance of the influence of both variables. The results showed that both ISO and shutter speed had a significant effect on the dimensional deviation of the 3D model. The combination of camera settings with ISO 500 and shutter speed 1/125 second produced the smallest deviation, while the combination of ISO 800 and shutter speed 1/25 second gave the largest deviation. The coefficient of determination (R²) value of 99.02% indicates that the statistical model used is very strong in explaining the variation of deviation. This research contributes to the optimal setting of camera parameters to improve the accuracy of photogrammetry results in reverse engineering applications.
Pengaruh Jumlah Foto dan Shutter Speed terhadap Penyimpangan Dimensi Hasil Pemindaian Objek pada Proses Reverse Engineering dengan Teknik Fotogrametri Khoirul Anwar Rifa’i; Wirawan Wirawan
Jurnal Kendali Teknik dan Sains Vol. 3 No. 3 (2025): Juli: Jurnal Kendali Teknik dan Sains
Publisher : International Forum of Researchers and Lecturers

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59581/jkts-widyakarya.v3i3.5380

Abstract

Photogrammetry is a widely used technique in reverse engineering that utilizes photographs taken from multiple angles to capture the geometric structure and surface textures of physical objects. This method has gained popularity due to its cost-effectiveness and time efficiency compared to more expensive alternatives such as laser scanning. However, one of the primary limitations of photogrammetry is its susceptibility to dimensional deviations that can affect the accuracy of the resulting 3D model. Among the influential parameters, the number of photos taken and the camera’s shutter speed play a crucial role in determining the level of geometric precision. This study aims to analyze the effect of the number of photos and shutter speed on dimensional deviation in 3D reconstruction results. It also seeks to determine the optimal combination of these parameters to enhance model accuracy in reverse engineering applications. The research method used is an experimental approach, in which variations of photo quantity and shutter speed are applied during image capture. The resulting photographs are processed into a 3D model using Computer-Aided Design (CAD) software and compared with the actual dimensions of the object under study. The findings reveal that both the number of photos and shutter speed significantly influence dimensional accuracy, both individually and interactively. The best results were obtained using a combination of 48 photos with a shutter speed of 0.020 seconds, yielding the smallest deviation of 7.6 mm. In contrast, a combination of 36 photos with the same shutter speed produced the highest deviation at 10.6 mm. ANOVA analysis yielded a p-value < 0.05 and an R² value of 94.21%, confirming the importance of selecting appropriate imaging parameters for accurate photogrammetry outcomes.
Co-Authors A. Sjamsjiar Rachman Ach Muhib Zainuri Ahmad Nur Wahyudi Ahmad Zaini Angelina Angelina ATIK NOVIANTI Cindy Cindy Eni Dwi Wardihani Fauzan Baananto Gamantyo Hendrantoro Jody Rivano Khoirul Anwar Rifa’i M. Iqbal Adhitama Mardawia M Panrereng Maretha Ruswiansari Mike Yuliana Muhammad Jauhari Fikkri Muhammad Kharisma Ayyubi Nurlia Pramita Sari Ochnata Charis Yulianto Olivia Lysion Ravi Fadila Hafis Renata Indra Adiningtyas Septriana Septriana Titon Dutono Totok Mujiono Tri Budi Santoso Zai, Immanuel