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Suparman Karnasudirdja
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PERILAKU PENGERINGAN ROTAN MANAU (CALAMUS MANAN MIQ.) DAN ROTAN SEMAMBU (CALAMUS SCIPIONUM LOUR) Efrida Basri; Suparman Karnasudirdja
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 4, No 1 (1987): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1987.4.1.12-16

Abstract

Rattan is one of important minor forest  products in Indonesia.  In fact world supply of this material comes mainly from  this country.  One of the weaknesses of rattan is its susceptibility  to various micro-organism  specifically staining  fungi  and borer insects. The former flourishes when the moisture content of the cane is high. Immediate drying of rattan cane is therefore essential.   Studies on the air drying and dehumidifying of two species of rattan canes have been undertaken,  which include rate of drying and drying performance of the samples. As has been anticipated,  the result shows that drying by dehumidifier is much faster compared  with that of air drying. However,  the quality of the two rattan species (degree of staining,  insect attack,  shrinkage, and colour)  are about  the same. The results also show that air drying rattans produces better gloss compared with that of dehumidifier drying. Other rattan defects  due to drying speed such as shrinkage  or wrinkle,  were not noticeable.
PENGUJIAN TIANG KAYU DARI LAMPUNG Suparman Karnasudirdja
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 3, No 1 (1986): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (4063.166 KB) | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1986.3.1.6-14

Abstract

The paper presents test results of 50 wooden poles from logged-over forest of Lampung, Owing to difficulty in obtaining pole materials for the test, the number of pole samples tested were below the ASTM D-1036 requirement. The data, however, is expected to be useful for comparing field test result with those obtained from small specimen in the laboratory, which has been used as a basis for evaluating timber suitability for pole material. The results show that the location of failure in 41 out of 50 pole tested as simple cantilever occur near pole tip, where the pole diameter were between 1.11 to 1.40 times pole diameter where the load is applied. In the remaining 9 poles, the maximum fiber stress occur around the ground line. The results also show that wood density had no significant effect on pole strength. This is in contrast with that commonly obtained in a laboratory test, in which strength is generally related to wood density. Using pole circumference data obtained in the field, an attempt was made to establish equation which describes pole height - circumference relationship for some selected species. Two forms of equations were tried, namely: Y = AXB and Y = A + BX. The exponential form turned out to be of a better fit. The data on pole taper presented in this paper can hopefully throw some light for future compilation of a table on pole dimension and specification for Indonesian wooden pole species and in a derivation of fiber stresses from strength values of wooden poles.
PENGARUH PENGGORENGAN DAN CARA PENGERINGAN TERHADAP SIFAT ROTAN BALUKBUK (CALAMUS BURCKIANUS) DAN ROTAN SEUTI (CALAMUS ORNATUS) Efrida Basri; Suparman Karnasudirdja
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 4, No 1 (1987): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (4756.743 KB) | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1987.4.1.17-21

Abstract

This paper presents the result of laboratory drying tests on 1wo rattan species. The samples from each species were devided into two groups. The first group was fried in kerosene before  drying,  and the second was left unfried.   Each group  was then subjected  to two drying conditions, namely drying  under roof  (in-door)  and  out-door. The  test were  terminated  when  the samples  reached equilibrium  moisture content, i.e . approximately 16%.  The result of evaluation  rattan qualitv  based on colour  is presented  together  with their drying speed. It shows that  both balukbuk  and seuti rattans when fried in kerosene dry faster than  when untried. However,   frying seems to  produce  darker colour after drving.
SIFAT PENGERINGAN ALAMI DAN PENGERINGAN SINAR MATAHARI Syarif Hidayat; Suparman Karnasudirdja
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 2, No 2 (1985): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (3806.933 KB) | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1985.2.2.5-9

Abstract

The study reported here concerns the drying rate expressed in daily moisture content decrease and the associated defects.Based on moisture content decrease data, the wood species studied were grouped into 3 classes, namely  easy,  moderately  easy  and  difficult to dry.  Easy to dry species include durian burung (Durio carinatus)   and mabang (Shorea pachyphylla),   moderately easy to dry include meranti bunga (Shorea aliginosa),  gerunggang (Cratoxylon arborescens),   rengas (Melanorhoea walichii),  mengkakal (Callophyllum sculatri),  bintangur (Callophyllum  sp.),  pisang­pisang (Mezzetia paviflora)  and perupuk (Blumedendron subrotundifolium).    Difficult to dry species include resak (Cotylelobium flarum)  and empedu (Dryobalanops fusea).Based on drying defects, wood species fall  into 3 classes namely light (pisang­pisang and mabang),  intermediate (meranti bunga, durian burung, rengas,perupuk, bintangur and empedu) and excessive(resak and gerunggang).
VARIABILITAS KEKUATAN KAYU PADA POHON MAHONI Suparman Karnasudirdja
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 2, No 1 (1985): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1985.2.1.4-9

Abstract

A  study  on a  variation of  bending  and compression  parallel to the grain strength  in Mahogany  (Swietenia mahogany) tree  has been  under  taken.  The material  consisted of 5  trees, each  of  which was represented by 4 bolt  taken  respectively from  near tree  base, at middle  half and  upper end of  the merchantable bole.  The test pieces  were then drawn from  each bolt  following   the  cruciform  pattern  of  the  ASTM   D14362 procedure. Using this pattern, 221  and  197  test specimens were respectively obtained  for  the  bending  and compression test.  The  result  shows  that  the  tree averages of  the  bending strength ranges from  90 - 110% of  the species  maan value, the cardinal point  averages from  100 -101% and the position within tree (bolt)  averages from  97 - 102%, As has been anticipated the tree averages are significantly different in both  the bending  and  compression strengths. Computation of the precision  of estimates  of the species  mean in term  of the probable limit  of  error (PLE) as percentage of  the species  mean  within 95%  confidence band as suggested by Pearson (1952)  indicates  an error of  9,51% and  12,44%   for  respectively the bending  and  compression   strength.  Values  of  the probable limit of error PLE were then calculated  using various combination of number of test pieces per tree and number  of  trees,  and  the result  compared   with   those  obtained   from  previous test  using  Agathis lorantifolia and  Schima  wallichii  tree species.  It shows  that  for structural and  non-structural purposes at leat 10 trees per species,  and 5-10 specimens  per  tree should  be employed   in future  strength  test in order to obtain  an error of  between  5 -10%. This is definitely an advantage  compared with  the  current  procedure.
PERILAKU PENGERINGAN ROTAN MANAU (CALAMUS MANAN MIQ.) DAN ROTAN SEMAMBU (CALAMUS SCIPIONUM LOUR) Efrida Basri; Suparman Karnasudirdja
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 4, No 1 (1987): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1987.4.1.12-16

Abstract

Rattan is one of important minor forest  products in Indonesia.  In fact world supply of this material comes mainly from  this country.  One of the weaknesses of rattan is its susceptibility  to various micro-organism  specifically staining  fungi  and borer insects. The former flourishes when the moisture content of the cane is high. Immediate drying of rattan cane is therefore essential.   Studies on the air drying and dehumidifying of two species of rattan canes have been undertaken,  which include rate of drying and drying performance of the samples. As has been anticipated,  the result shows that drying by dehumidifier is much faster compared  with that of air drying. However,  the quality of the two rattan species (degree of staining,  insect attack,  shrinkage, and colour)  are about  the same. The results also show that air drying rattans produces better gloss compared with that of dehumidifier drying. Other rattan defects  due to drying speed such as shrinkage  or wrinkle,  were not noticeable.
PENGUJIAN TIANG KAYU DARI LAMPUNG Suparman Karnasudirdja
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 3, No 1 (1986): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1986.3.1.6-14

Abstract

The paper presents test results of 50 wooden poles from logged-over forest of Lampung, Owing to difficulty in obtaining pole materials for the test, the number of pole samples tested were below the ASTM D-1036 requirement. The data, however, is expected to be useful for comparing field test result with those obtained from small specimen in the laboratory, which has been used as a basis for evaluating timber suitability for pole material. The results show that the location of failure in 41 out of 50 pole tested as simple cantilever occur near pole tip, where the pole diameter were between 1.11 to 1.40 times pole diameter where the load is applied. In the remaining 9 poles, the maximum fiber stress occur around the ground line. The results also show that wood density had no significant effect on pole strength. This is in contrast with that commonly obtained in a laboratory test, in which strength is generally related to wood density. Using pole circumference data obtained in the field, an attempt was made to establish equation which describes pole height - circumference relationship for some selected species. Two forms of equations were tried, namely: Y = AXB and Y = A + BX. The exponential form turned out to be of a better fit. The data on pole taper presented in this paper can hopefully throw some light for future compilation of a table on pole dimension and specification for Indonesian wooden pole species and in a derivation of fiber stresses from strength values of wooden poles.
PENGARUH PENGGORENGAN DAN CARA PENGERINGAN TERHADAP SIFAT ROTAN BALUKBUK (CALAMUS BURCKIANUS) DAN ROTAN SEUTI (CALAMUS ORNATUS) Efrida Basri; Suparman Karnasudirdja
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 4, No 1 (1987): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1987.4.1.17-21

Abstract

This paper presents the result of laboratory drying tests on 1wo rattan species. The samples from each species were devided into two groups. The first group was fried in kerosene before  drying,  and the second was left unfried.   Each group  was then subjected  to two drying conditions, namely drying  under roof  (in-door)  and  out-door. The  test were  terminated  when  the samples  reached equilibrium  moisture content, i.e . approximately 16%.  The result of evaluation  rattan qualitv  based on colour  is presented  together  with their drying speed. It shows that  both balukbuk  and seuti rattans when fried in kerosene dry faster than  when untried. However,   frying seems to  produce  darker colour after drving.
SIFAT PENGERINGAN ALAMI DAN PENGERINGAN SINAR MATAHARI Syarif Hidayat; Suparman Karnasudirdja
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 2, No 2 (1985): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1985.2.2.5-9

Abstract

The study reported here concerns the drying rate expressed in daily moisture content decrease and the associated defects.Based on moisture content decrease data, the wood species studied were grouped into 3 classes, namely  easy,  moderately  easy  and  difficult to dry.  Easy to dry species include durian burung (Durio carinatus)   and mabang (Shorea pachyphylla),   moderately easy to dry include meranti bunga (Shorea aliginosa),  gerunggang (Cratoxylon arborescens),   rengas (Melanorhoea walichii),  mengkakal (Callophyllum sculatri),  bintangur (Callophyllum  sp.),  pisang­pisang (Mezzetia paviflora)  and perupuk (Blumedendron subrotundifolium).    Difficult to dry species include resak (Cotylelobium flarum)  and empedu (Dryobalanops fusea).Based on drying defects, wood species fall  into 3 classes namely light (pisang­pisang and mabang),  intermediate (meranti bunga, durian burung, rengas,perupuk, bintangur and empedu) and excessive(resak and gerunggang).
VARIABILITAS KEKUATAN KAYU PADA POHON MAHONI Suparman Karnasudirdja
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 2, No 1 (1985): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1985.2.1.4-9

Abstract

A  study  on a  variation of  bending  and compression  parallel to the grain strength  in Mahogany  (Swietenia mahogany) tree  has been  under  taken.  The material  consisted of 5  trees, each  of  which was represented by 4 bolt  taken  respectively from  near tree  base, at middle  half and  upper end of  the merchantable bole.  The test pieces  were then drawn from  each bolt  following   the  cruciform  pattern  of  the  ASTM   D14362 procedure. Using this pattern, 221  and  197  test specimens were respectively obtained  for  the  bending  and compression test.  The  result  shows  that  the  tree averages of  the  bending strength ranges from  90 - 110% of  the species  maan value, the cardinal point  averages from  100 -101% and the position within tree (bolt)  averages from  97 - 102%, As has been anticipated the tree averages are significantly different in both  the bending  and  compression strengths. Computation of the precision  of estimates  of the species  mean in term  of the probable limit  of  error (PLE) as percentage of  the species  mean  within 95%  confidence band as suggested by Pearson (1952)  indicates  an error of  9,51% and  12,44%   for  respectively the bending  and  compression   strength.  Values  of  the probable limit of error PLE were then calculated  using various combination of number of test pieces per tree and number  of  trees,  and  the result  compared   with   those  obtained   from  previous test  using  Agathis lorantifolia and  Schima  wallichii  tree species.  It shows  that  for structural and  non-structural purposes at leat 10 trees per species,  and 5-10 specimens  per  tree should  be employed   in future  strength  test in order to obtain  an error of  between  5 -10%. This is definitely an advantage  compared with  the  current  procedure.
Co-Authors Efrida Basri Syarif Hidayat