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APLIKASI ARANG KOMPOS PADA ANAKAN TUSAM Sri Komarayati; Gusmailina Gusmailina; G Pari
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 21, No 1 (2003): Buletin Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (3858.236 KB) | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2003.21.1.15-21

Abstract

Compost  charcoal  is a  compounded stuff  of  charcoal  and  compost, which is produced  by composting process. The compost charcoal compound products is a new break through in  the composting  techniques as an attempt to improve  the qualitiy of compost.This experiment dealt with the application  of compost  and  compost charcoal to the  Pinus merkusii seedling,  in the greenhouse  for 3 months period.The results revealed that the use of compost alone 30 %  of total media weight could stimulate the growth of Pinus merkusii seedlings to the level of 1 time higher in height ; 7 times  greater in diameter ; 1,5 times  longer in roots length, and 1,5 times heavier biomass in the  dry weight  than those  of control (i.e.  seedlings without compost  treatment). Comparatively,  the corresponding  figures in the use of compost charcoal compound also at 30 % were consecutively 1 time higher  in height ; 2 times greater  in diameter; 1,5 ­ 2,6  times longer in root  length and 4,6  ­ 6,0 times heavier biomass than the control.The use of compost and charcoal compost both at 30 % of total media weight showed the best effects on the growth of Pinus merkusii seedlings.
PEMBUATAN PEREKAT FENOLIK DARI LINDI HITAM YANG DIPEKATKAN DENGAN TANIN ATAU FENOL KRISTAL R Sudradjat; G Pari; M I lskandar
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 21, No 2 (2003): Buletin Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (6274.585 KB) | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2003.21.2.99-109

Abstract

Phenol  compounds  in  waste  water  of  pulp  and  paper  industry  are  toxic  and  harmful  to  environment.  Phenol  compounds  are  also  an  expensive  chemical  with  wide  range  uses,  such  as  raw  materials  for  the  manufacture  of  phenol  formaldehyde  glue.This  experiment  was  aimed  at  looking  into  appropriate  method  to  cope  with  the  problems  of  black  liquor's  phenol  by  converting  it  to  the  most  valuable  glue  largely  and  widely  used  in  the  plywood  industries,  i.e.  phenol-formaldehyde.  The  experiment  was  divided  into  three  stages,  i.e. (a)  recovery  of  phenol  from  black  liquor  after  distillation;  (b)  selecting  phenol  compounds  from  another  source  as  an  additive  to  increase  the  existing  phenol  concentration    in  the  distilled  black  liquor;  and  (c)  working  out  optimum  phenol  concentration  able  to  develop  maximum  bonding  strength  of  the  phenol-formaldehyde  glue.Phenol compounds investigated as an additive to increase  distilled phenol  concentration are  crystal  phenol  and  tannin.  The  two  additives  were  added  in  ratio  of  1:3,  1:5  and  1:7  (crystal  phenol/tannin  to  distilled  phenol).  After  that,  the  mixture  is  reacted  with  formalin  to  form  phenol  formaldehyde  glue  following  standard  procedure.  The  phenol  formaldehyde  glue  was  applied  to  plywood  and  then  was  analyzed  for  moisture  content,  density  and  bonding  strength.Results  showed  that  phenol  crystal  addition  is  better  than  tannin  due  to  lower  in  moisture,  but  higher  in  density  and  bonding  strength. At  all  mixture  ratio,  tannin  addition  gave  lower  plywood  bonding  strength  compare  to  standard  (14  kg/cm2),  but  phenol  addition  gave  higher  plywood  bonding  strength  (18-24 kg/cm2).  Further  experiment  should  be  conducted  to  use  crystal  phenol  as  an  additive  to  increase  distilled  phenol  concentration.                                                
APLIKASI ARANG KOMPOS PADA ANAKAN TUSAM Sri Komarayati; Gusmailina Gusmailina; G Pari
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 21, No 1 (2003): Buletin Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2003.21.1.15-21

Abstract

Compost  charcoal  is a  compounded stuff  of  charcoal  and  compost, which is produced  by composting process. The compost charcoal compound products is a new break through in  the composting  techniques as an attempt to improve  the qualitiy of compost.This experiment dealt with the application  of compost  and  compost charcoal to the  Pinus merkusii seedling,  in the greenhouse  for 3 months period.The results revealed that the use of compost alone 30 %  of total media weight could stimulate the growth of Pinus merkusii seedlings to the level of 1 time higher in height ; 7 times  greater in diameter ; 1,5 times  longer in roots length, and 1,5 times heavier biomass in the  dry weight  than those  of control (i.e.  seedlings without compost  treatment). Comparatively,  the corresponding  figures in the use of compost charcoal compound also at 30 % were consecutively 1 time higher  in height ; 2 times greater  in diameter; 1,5 ­ 2,6  times longer in root  length and 4,6  ­ 6,0 times heavier biomass than the control.The use of compost and charcoal compost both at 30 % of total media weight showed the best effects on the growth of Pinus merkusii seedlings.
PEMBUATAN PEREKAT FENOLIK DARI LINDI HITAM YANG DIPEKATKAN DENGAN TANIN ATAU FENOL KRISTAL R Sudradjat; G Pari; M I lskandar
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 21, No 2 (2003): Buletin Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2003.21.2.99-109

Abstract

Phenol  compounds  in  waste  water  of  pulp  and  paper  industry  are  toxic  and  harmful  to  environment.  Phenol  compounds  are  also  an  expensive  chemical  with  wide  range  uses,  such  as  raw  materials  for  the  manufacture  of  phenol  formaldehyde  glue.This  experiment  was  aimed  at  looking  into  appropriate  method  to  cope  with  the  problems  of  black  liquor's  phenol  by  converting  it  to  the  most  valuable  glue  largely  and  widely  used  in  the  plywood  industries,  i.e.  phenol-formaldehyde.  The  experiment  was  divided  into  three  stages,  i.e. (a)  recovery  of  phenol  from  black  liquor  after  distillation;  (b)  selecting  phenol  compounds  from  another  source  as  an  additive  to  increase  the  existing  phenol  concentration    in  the  distilled  black  liquor;  and  (c)  working  out  optimum  phenol  concentration  able  to  develop  maximum  bonding  strength  of  the  phenol-formaldehyde  glue.Phenol compounds investigated as an additive to increase  distilled phenol  concentration are  crystal  phenol  and  tannin.  The  two  additives  were  added  in  ratio  of  1:3,  1:5  and  1:7  (crystal  phenol/tannin  to  distilled  phenol).  After  that,  the  mixture  is  reacted  with  formalin  to  form  phenol  formaldehyde  glue  following  standard  procedure.  The  phenol  formaldehyde  glue  was  applied  to  plywood  and  then  was  analyzed  for  moisture  content,  density  and  bonding  strength.Results  showed  that  phenol  crystal  addition  is  better  than  tannin  due  to  lower  in  moisture,  but  higher  in  density  and  bonding  strength. At  all  mixture  ratio,  tannin  addition  gave  lower  plywood  bonding  strength  compare  to  standard  (14  kg/cm2),  but  phenol  addition  gave  higher  plywood  bonding  strength  (18-24 kg/cm2).  Further  experiment  should  be  conducted  to  use  crystal  phenol  as  an  additive  to  increase  distilled  phenol  concentration.                                                
Co-Authors Gusmailina Gusmailina M I lskandar R Sudradjat Sri Komarayati