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ISOLASI CIS- DAN TRANS-SITRAL DARI MINYAK ATSIRI KEMANGI (Ocimum citriodorum, L) DENGAN METODE EKSTRAKSI BISULFIT DAN METODE DISTILASI UAP Dwiarso Rubiyanto; Da'watun Fitriyah
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF ESSENTIAL OIL Vol 1, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Institut Atsiri Universitas Brawijaya

Telah dilakukan penelitian secara eksperimen laboratorium tentang isolasi sitral yang merupakan komponen terbesar dari minyak kemangi (Ocimum citriodorum, L). Minyak kemangi dapat diisolasi dari tanaman kemangi dengan penyulingan uap (steam distillation). Rendemen minyak kemangi hasil penyulingan sebesar 0,2 % b/b. Hasil kromatogram minyak kemangi (Ocimum citriodorum, L) menunjukkan konsentrasi sitral sebesar 33,82% dengan komposisi cis-sitral sebesar 14,86% dan trans-sitral sebesar 18,96%. Dalam penelitian ini sitral dalam minyak kemangi diisolasi dengan dua metode yaitu metode ekstraksi bisulfit dan metode distilasi uap. Isolasi sitral dengan metode ekstraksi bisulfit dilakukan secara kimia dengan mereaksikannya dengan larutan jenuh Natrium Bisulfit (NaHCO3) sementara isolasi sitral dengan metode distilasi uap dilakukan dengan rangkaian alat gelas kimia skala 500 mL. Isolasi sitral dengan metode distilasi uap dilakukan dengan perbandingan minyak kemangi dan air (1:1 ; 1:3 ; 1:6). Hasil analisis dengan kromatografi gas menunjukkan bahwa pada hasil ekstraksi bisulfit, konsentrasi sitral sebesar 58,57%. Sedangkan pada metode distilasi uap pada perbandingan 1:1 menunjukkan konsentrasi sitral sebesar 56,65%, pada perbandingan 1:3 menunjukkan konsentrasi sitral sebesar 56,64%, sedangkan pada perbandingan 1:6 menunjukkan konsentrasi sitral sebesar 58,03%. Kesimpulan yang dapat diambil adalah isolasi sitral dengan metode kimia maupun fisika dapat digunakan sebagai cara untuk mendapatkan bahan kimia yang lebih bernilai dari minyak kemangi.

SITRONELAL CYCLE-HYDROGENATION TANDEM CREATED ZrO MONTMORILLONIT WITH VARIATION METHOD REACTION Is Fatimah; Septian Perwira Yudha; Dwiarso Rubiyanto; Thorikul Huda
Jurnal Penelitian Saintek Vol 18, No 2: Oktober 2013
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Services, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Tandem cyclization reaction towards menthol-citronellal hydrogenation reactions through one-step reaction with a variety of methods using pillared montmorillonite catalyst ZrO2 (Zr-MMT) have been done. The research aimed to determine the effectiveness of Zr-MMT catalyst in the reaction process with two different methods; first method comprises reacting flow system to citronellal - catalyst mixture after reflux with pressure and flow H2 of 3 kPa, and the other method consists of a flow system to the citronellal -catalyst mixture at the temperature of 200o C with H2 flow pressure of 2 kPa. Reaction products were analyzed using GC-MS to determine the total conversion and product yield of menthol. The results showed that the different methods give different reaction mechanisms significantly. The first method gives almost to 99% conversion of citronellal with major products of isomenthone and isopulegol while the second method give the conversion of 5.18% with 0.39% selectivity to menthol products. Compared with natural montmorillonite, both processes showed higher conversion in which the conversion of citronellal over montmorillonite give the concersion less than 5%. The adequacy of H2 flow rate as a reactant is an important factor affection the mechanism is discussed in this paper.

IMPROVEMENT OF THE PRODUCT AND QUALITY OF POGOSTEMON CABLIN BENTH Allwar Allwar; is fatimah; noor fitri; dwiarso rubiyanto
EKSAKTA: Journal of Sciences and Data Analysis VOLUME 14, ISSUE 1, February 2014
Publisher : Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam

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Pogostemon cablin benth is an economic source of farmer communities which are presence in several provinces in Indonesia. In general, the production and quality of the Pogostemon cablin benth produced by the farmers are still low or under the standard ISO. The chelating method, the influence of pH and adsorption method with activated carbon and montmorilonite were carried out to improve the production and quality of Pogostemon cablin benth. The results show that the production and the quality tends to be better proved by the color changes to yellow bright, reduced metal contents and an increase in Pogostemon cablin benth

Antibacterial Activities of Green Basil (Ocimum Violaceum) Essential Oil and Derivatives By MAOS (Microwave Assisted Organic Synthesis) Against Staphyllococus Aureus and Escherichia Coli Dwiarso Rubiyanto; Hady Anshory; Hardjono Sastrohamidjojo; Chairil Anwar
EKSAKTA: Journal of Sciences and Data Analysis VOLUME 14, ISSUE 1, February 2014
Publisher : Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam

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Green basil (Ocimum violaceum , Linn.) plantis part of the varieties of basil (Ocimum basilicum, Linn.). Green basil essential oil (GBEO) contain chemical compounds that have an anti- bacterial activities . Methyl eugenol and methyl chavikol are in green basil oil has the potential to be used as a material which is biologically active. Conversion reaction of the compounds in GBEO with MAOS methods (microwave assisted organic synthesis) aims to obtain properties of the main chemical component in a wider sweet basil oil, and are also useful in an attempt to gain more valuable compounds for commercial and higher. The results showed that the optimum reaction conditions on the conversion reaction of compounds in GBEO with MAOS method with ethylene glycol as a solvent is 10 % KF/Al2O3as catalyst and reaction time 3 minutes , while the solvent is glycerol 10 % KF/Al2O3as catalyst and reaction time 2 minutes . Comparison of anti-bacterial activity resulting from this research are : the inhibitory activity to the growth of S. aureus bacteria have the following order : GBEO > green basilEG10-3 > green basil G10-2> amoxicillin with each inhibition zone diameter amounted to 30.7 mm, 21.1 mm, 18.2 mm and 13.4 mm. While the inhibitory activity to the growth of E.coli bacteria are : GBEO> green basil G10-2 >green basil EG10-3 > amoxicillin with each inhibition zone diameter of 21.1 mm, 15.6 mm , 15.2 mm and 7.9 mm . GBEO and its derivatives have minimal inhibitory concentrations below 1.25 %. From the results of the study found that the main derivates obtained are p-methoxy anisaldehyde , caryophyllene oxide , 3-methoxy cinnamaldehyde , humulena oxide and delta cadinol

PERANAN KATALIS TiO2/SiO2-MONTMORILLONIT PADA REAKSI KONVERSI SITRONELAL MENJADI ISOPULEGOL Is Fatimah; Dwiarso Rubiyanto; Torikul Huda
Reaktor Volume 12, Nomor 2, Desember 2008
Publisher : Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Diponegoro University

Catalytic conversion of citronellal to isopulegol over TiO2/SiO2-montmorillonite catalyst was studied for citronellal isolated from Cymbopogon leaf oil. The role of physico-chemical characteristics of montmorillonite and SiO2-montmorillonit catalyst on total conversion, activity and selectivity to produce isopulegol was studied. Activity test was conducted for citronellal cyclication for 4 hour. The total conversion, catalyst activity and catalyst selectivity to produce isopulegol were evaluated based on product composition obtained by GC-MS analysis. The experimental result showed that TiO2/SiO2-montmorillonite plays role in the increase of total conversion significantly from 87.80% over SiO2-montmorillonit and 85.38% over natural montmorillonite become 95.53%. Total conversion and selectivity of the catalyst to produce isopulegol increase could be related to Lewis acidity of TiO2/SiO2-montmorillonite, and also specific surface area enhancement. However, in the range of 1:1.25 to 1:5.0 catalyst to citronellal mass ratio, there was no influence on total conversion and selectivity to produce isopulegol. This may be caused by dominant influence of Lewis acidity compared to other physico-chemical characteristic of material. Kinetics study of the reaction showed that TiO2 dispersion on SiO2-montmorillonite almost doubles the reaction rate constant with the factor of 1.955. Konversi katalitik sitronelal menjadi isopulegol menggunakan katalis TiO2/SiO2-montmorillonit dipelajari terhadap sitronelal hasil isolasi minyak daun sereh. Peranan karakter fisikokimiawi material katalis montmorillonit alam dan SiO2-montmorillonit terhadap konversi total, aktivitas dan selektivitas dalam pembentukan isopulegol dipelajari. Uji aktivitas katalis dilakukan pada reaksi siklisasi sitronelal selama 4 jam. Konversi total, aktivitas katalis dan selektivitas terhadap isopulegol dihitung berdasar perubahan komposisi hasil reaksi yang ditentukan menggunakan GC-MS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa katalis TiO2/SiO2-montmorillonit berperanan meningkatkan konversi total reaksi secara signifikan dari sebesar 87,80% pada penggunaan SiO2-montmorillonit dan 85,38% dengan menggunakan montmorillonit alam menjadi sebesar 95,53%. Peningkatan konversi total dan selektivitas terhadap isopulegol berkaitan dengan keasaman Lewis yang dimiliki oleh TiO2/SiO2-montmorillonit serta peningkatan luas permukaan spesifik material. Namun pada rentang perbandingan massa katalis terhadap sitronelal 1:1,25 hingga 1:5,0 tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap konversi total dan selektivitas produk isopulegol. Hal ini mungkin disebabkan peranan keasaman Lewis lebih dominan terhadap sifat-sifat fisikokimiawi material katalis. Studi kinetika reaksi menunjukkan bahwa dispersi TiO2 pada SiO2-montmorillonit meningkatkan konstanta laju reaksi dengan faktor sebesar 1,955.

ZnO-Porous Clay Heterostructure from Saponite as Green Catalyst for Citronellal Cyclization Dwiarso Rubiyanto; Nurcahyo Iman Prakoso; Imam Sahroni; Rico Nurillahi; Is Fatimah
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2020: BCREC Volume 15 Issue 1 Year 2020 (April 2020)
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering - Diponegoro University

Green conversion in organic synthesis is one of the interesting and important topics in green chemistry. The use of heterogeneous catalysis instead of homogeneous catalysis offers some advantages, such as easy separation and reusability. In this research, a heterogeneous acid catalyst was prepared from saponite by immobilizing ZnO in the form of a pillared clay (Zn/PILS) and Zn supported on porous clay heterostructure (Zn/PCH). Physicochemical studies involving X-ray diffraction measurement, surface analysis using a gas sorption analyzer, and surface acidity measurement were performed. Results indicated that the increasing surface acidity and the high specific surface area of the material were the relevant physicochemical properties that facilitate environment-friendly citronellal cyclization. The higher values for both parameters in Zn/PCH than in Zn/PILS linearly affected citronellal conversion and the selectivity for isopulegol production. Zn/PCH demonstrated a conversion rate of 98.9% for a 3-hour reaction and a selectivity of 100% for isopulegol production, and it exhibited reusability properties. Copyright © 2020 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).

Effect of Calcination Temperature on the Synthesis of ZrO2-Pillared Saponite to Catalytic Activity in Menthol Esterification Is Fatimah; Dwiarso Rubiyanto; Nanda Candra Kartika
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 16, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

The influence of calcination temperature on the synthesis of zirconia-pillared saponite (PILS) and on its catalytic activity in menthol esterification has been studied. Zirconia pillarization was conducted using zirconium tetraisopropoxide as a precursor and with calcination temperatures of 450, 600 and 700 °C. Evaluation of physicochemical characteristics at these varied temperatures was carried out by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), surface area analysis, Scanning Electron Eicroscope (SEM) analysis, Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA) and total acidity. The obtained results indicate that the structure and surface acidity of saponite were strongly influenced by calcination temperature. The solid acidity and surface parameters such as specific surface area, pore volume, and pore radius play an important role in the total conversion and selectivity in menthol esterification.

Microencapsulation of Kaffir (Citrus Hystrix DC) Essential Oil Using Chitosan and Maltodextrin Coatings With Freeze Drying Process As AntiCellulitis Syahrul Fahriza Sendi; Tiara Fatikha Sari; Rizqi Hibatullah; Dwiarso Rubiyanto
EKSAKTA: Journal of Sciences and Data Analysis VOLUME 4, ISSUE 1, February 2023
Publisher : Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/EKSAKTA.vol4.iss1.art1

Heterogeneous Catalytic Conversion of Citronellal into Isopulegol and Menthol: Literature Review Amri Yahya; Dwiarso Rubiyanto; Is Fatimah
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 6 No. 3 (2021): July
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

The conversion of citronellal into isopulegol is a key route in the production of a number of important chemicals. In the perspective of green conversion, the use of a heterogeneous catalyst is superior due to its ease in separation and reusability, so it facilitates a highly economical conversion. In this review, we examine the use of some transition metals in cyclization reactions, which are suitable for citronellal conversion into isopulegol, and consider the potential progress in clay-based catalysts. The structure of clay which potentially provides the porosity by modification and supporting active metal is proposed to be the low-cost catalyst for the conversion. As other mechanism by porous materials-supported metal, the porosity of clay support contributes to conduct thesurface adsorption mechanism and the Broensted acid supply, meanwhile the metal acts as active site for cyclization, and in the one-pot conversion into menthol, as both cyclization and hydrogenation.

ZnO-Porous Clay Heterostructure from Saponite as Green Catalyst for Citronellal Cyclization Dwiarso Rubiyanto; Nurcahyo Iman Prakoso; Imam Sahroni; Rico Nurillahi; Is Fatimah
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2020: BCREC Volume 15 Issue 1 Year 2020 (April 2020)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.15.1.5800.137-145

Green conversion in organic synthesis is one of the interesting and important topics in green chemistry. The use of heterogeneous catalysis instead of homogeneous catalysis offers some advantages, such as easy separation and reusability. In this research, a heterogeneous acid catalyst was prepared from saponite by immobilizing ZnO in the form of a pillared clay (Zn/PILS) and Zn supported on porous clay heterostructure (Zn/PCH). Physicochemical studies involving X-ray diffraction measurement, surface analysis using a gas sorption analyzer, and surface acidity measurement were performed. Results indicated that the increasing surface acidity and the high specific surface area of the material were the relevant physicochemical properties that facilitate environment-friendly citronellal cyclization. The higher values for both parameters in Zn/PCH than in Zn/PILS linearly affected citronellal conversion and the selectivity for isopulegol production. Zn/PCH demonstrated a conversion rate of 98.9% for a 3-hour reaction and a selectivity of 100% for isopulegol production, and it exhibited reusability properties. Copyright © 2020 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).

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