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Identifikasi Komponen Minyak Atsiri Daun Kawista (Feronia limonia) dengan Metode Gas Cromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS) Saadatul Husna; St Chadijah; Aisyah Aisyah
Al-Kimia Vol 1 No 1 (2013): June
Publisher : Study Program of Chemistry - Alauddin State Islamic University of Makassar

Indonesia has a vast variety of plants species which largely unexplored. Several researches have conducted to explore the potentials of the plants. However, the chemical constituents of Kawista plant have not been widely investigated. This study aimed to identify the components of the essential oil from Kawista leaves (Feronia limonia). This study consisted of two stages, namely the extraction of essential oil by distillation method and the analysis of the essential oil components by GC-MS method. The results showed that there are sixteen volatile components in the essential oil of Kawista leaves (Feronia limonia). They are 3-pentanol, 1-methyl siklopenatnol, 3methyl siklopentanol, 1,1-dimethyl 2-propenol, 4-tujanol, 2 methyl 3buten-2-ol, 1-(2-oksiranil etanon, 2-heksanon, 1-butanone cyclohexyl, 3-methyl 2 pentanon, 1-heksanal, 2-heksenal, 1-ethyl acetaldehyde, 2,5-tetrahidrodimethyl furan and γ-terpinen.

Pengaruh Konsentrasi Aktivator Asam Klorida (HCL) Terhadap Kapasitas Adsorpsi Arang Aktif Kulit Durian (Durio Zibethinus) pada Zat Warna Methanil Yellow Supiati Supiati; Muh. Yudi; St Chadijah
Al-Kimia Vol 1 No 1 (2013): June
Publisher : Study Program of Chemistry - Alauddin State Islamic University of Makassar

Durian’s peel a waste which usually burned, stacked or discarded, which are unfavorable to environment. This condition motivates author to produce value-added products from the durian peel, such as activated carbon, as well as solving some environmental problems. This research aims to know the influence to use variation of concentration of activator HCl whice produces the optimum adsorption capacity from charcoal active of durian’s peel to the substance color of methanil yellow. Active carbon which is used in this research comes from durian’s peel which granular types with standard -100+40 mesh. Carbon is activated by physics in furnace with 400°C heat during 2 hours and is activated by chemistry with submerged of HCI 1M, 2M, 3M, 4M and 5M during 24 hours. The result of this research shows that optimum concentration in HCI 1M with adsorption capacity from charcoal active of durian’s peel is as large as 0,5350 mg/g. Whereas knowing the influence of activator is used tabulation method by statistically, where we can get F Hitung 0,004 is smaller from F Tabel 10,127. It explains that H0 is accepted to reject H1. Therefore, it can conclude that there is not significant influence to use variation of concentration of activator HCl to adsorption capacity of charcoal active from durian’s peel in substance methanil yellow.

Analisa Penurunan Kadar COD Dan BOD Limbah Cair Laboratorium Biokimia UIN Makassar Menggunakan Fly Ash (Abu Terbang) Batubara Rahmawati Rahmawati; St Chadijah; Asriani Ilyas
Al-Kimia Vol 1 No 1 (2013): June
Publisher : Study Program of Chemistry - Alauddin State Islamic University of Makassar

Fly ash coal has been used as adsorbents in reduction of pollutant parameters in the wastewater. Fly ash coal is a coal combustion residue in the form of fine particles and an inorganic material that is being developed potential for mineral adsorbent, so as to reduce environmental pollution. Activation of fly ash coal carried by soaking in solution H2SO4 1 M, then heated at a temperature of 450oC. The method used is a separate component that is specific adsorption of the fluid to the surface of solids. This study aims to determine how the effectiveness of fly ash coal as adsorbent in the lower levels of COD and BOD effluent Biochemistry laboratory at the State Islamic University of Alauddin Makassar. The results showed that the fly ash coal can be used to reduce the content of COD and BOD. COD and BOD levels before it is contacted with fly ash coal in a row 92 414 mg/L and 24 255 mg/L. After contacted with fly ash coal in optimum condition weighs 1.5 g and 90 rpm COD decreased to 33 005 mg/L and 32 062 mg/L, whereas at 2 g and 90 rpm BOD decreased to 17 325 mg/L and 10,395 mg/L.

Delignifikasi Ampas Tebu untuk Pembuatan Pulp Rendemen Tinggi dengan Proses Peroksida Alkali Gustriani Gustriani; St Chadijah; Wa Ode Rustiah
Al-Kimia Vol 1 No 2 (2013): December
Publisher : Study Program of Chemistry - Alauddin State Islamic University of Makassar

Delignification is of lignin termination process with particular solvent that produce high yield the pulping. Alkaline peroxide process produces low kappa pulp. Bagasse contains 42-53% cellulose was used as a base material for pulping. Delignification of bagasse making of high yield pulp by the process of Peroxide Alkali has been done by varying the concentration of NaOH (4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%) and length of cooking 1,5 hours in the temperature 121 °C and pressure 0,11 atm. The aim of the study is to obtain the optimum length of cooking the making of high yield of bagasse by process Peroxide Alkali. The method of the study is delignification with process of cooking using autoclave. The result of the study indicates that addition of concentration NaOH affects the pulp yield, number of permanganate and physical characteristic of papers sheet. The highest yield pulp obtained is 53,97% observed at the concentration of NaOH 5%. Whereas, the lowest number of permanganate is 3, 98 obtained by adding the concentration of NaOH 8%.

Variasi Konsentrasi Aktivator Asam Sulfat (H2SO4) pada Karbon Aktif Ampas Tebu Terhadap Kapasitas Adsorpsi Logam Timbal Asrijal Asrijal; St Chadijah; Aisyah Aisyah
Al-Kimia Vol 2 No 1 (2014): June
Publisher : Study Program of Chemistry - Alauddin State Islamic University of Makassar

Bagasse is a waste-disposal which can contaminate the ambient surroundings. In order to ward off the massive impact, a method which is considered to be good is that to turn it into adsorbent in a process of lead-metal adsorption. This research aims to know the concentration of lead-metal that can be adsorbed by an active carbon and to know the effect of H2SO4 activator on the adsorption capacity of bagasse towards the lead-metal. The activated carbon, was derived from bagasse in three phases namely preparation, carbonization, and activation. The bagasse was carbonized in temperature of 400oC. It was then activated by H2SO4 in concentration of (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%) for 24 hours, and heated to 500 oC. The adsorption was performed during one hour by utilizing 150 rpm shaker. The analysis of lead concentration using atom adsorption spectrophotometer (AAS) showed that the inactivated carbon performed the best adsorption with the concentration of lead adsorbed was to 9.8485 mg/L and the capacity of adsorption was to 0.197 mg/g.

Pengaruh Konsentrasi Aktivator Asam Klorida (HCl) Terhadap Kapasitas Adsorpsi Arang Aktif Kulit Buah Kakao (Theobroma cacao. L) Pada Zat Warna Methanil Yellow Sitti Arung; Muh. Yudi; St Chadijah
Al-Kimia Vol 2 No 1 (2014): June
Publisher : Study Program of Chemistry - Alauddin State Islamic University of Makassar

Cocoa’s peel is a waste which usually burned, stacked or disintegrated and can make pollution to the environment. This condition motivates the researcher to produce the value-added product from the cocoa’s peel, such as activated carbon and as well as it can solve the environmental problems. This research aims to know the influence to use variation of concentration of activator HCl whice produces the optimum adsorption capacity from charcoal active of cocoa’s peel to the substance color of methanil yellow. Active carbon which is used in this research comes from cocoa’s peel which granular types with standard -100+40 mesh. Carbon is activated by physics in furnace with 600°C heat during 2 hours and is activated by chemistry with submerged of HCI 1M, 2M, 3M, 4M and 5M during 24 hours. The result of this research shows that optimum concentration in HCI 1M with adsorption capacity from charcoal active of cocoa’s peel is as large as 1,572 mg/g. Whereas knowing the influence of activator is used tabulation method by statistically, where we can get FHitung 0,003 is smaller from FTabel 10,127. It explains that H0 is accepted to reject H1. Therefore, it can conclude that there is not significant influence to use variation of concentration of activator HCl to adsorption capacity of charcoal active from cocoa’s peel in substance methanil yellow.

Analisis Antioksidan Ekstrak Etil Asetat Kulit Buah Manggis (Garcinia mangostana L.) Dengan Metode Dpph (1,1difenil-2-pikrilhidrazil) Dewi Sartika; St Chadijah; Iin Novianty
Al-Kimia Vol 3 No 2 (2015): December
Publisher : Study Program of Chemistry - Alauddin State Islamic University of Makassar

Mangosteen fruit (Garcinia mangostana L.) is a potential source of natural antioxidant. This research can be seen through comparison of the effect of the solvent ethyl acetate for extract mangosteen rind (garcinia mangostana L.) the optimal antioxidant substances for withdrawal. Method used is maceration extraction using methanol and liquid phase using three variable 1:3, 1:4 and 1:5. The test Includes a qualitative and quantitative test of antioxidant. The results of the qualitative test show the presence of antioxidant in the yellow extract of mangosteen rind which turn purple discoloration on color test and the emergence of patches of yellow with purple backgroud on TLC when sprayed solution of DPPH 40 ppm. Then quatitativ test retrieved % high curbs in comparison 1:3.

Optimalisasi Kalsium Karbonat Dari Cangkang Telur Untuk Produksi Pasta Komposit Warsy Warsy; St Chadijah; Wa Ode Rustiah
Al-Kimia Vol 4 No 2 (2016): December
Publisher : Study Program of Chemistry - Alauddin State Islamic University of Makassar

Egg shell is a household waste which can be used to produce a composite paste, as it contains around 90% calsium carbonate (CaCO3) as the main composition. This research aims to determine the optimum weight of egg shell powder in composite paste production. This research is conducted by determining the calsium carbonate content beforehand by EDTA titration and the determination of the contain of calsium by using atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), then the determination of the optimum weight of shell powder by varying the shell powder and baking soda. The results of the research that has been done that the content of calsium carbonate in the shell of eggs was 92,57% and calsium at 28%. While the optimum weight for the shell powder manufacture composite paste which is 3 grams with a ratio of 3,0 (Ca) : 7,0 (BS), in which the pH obtained is 9. This is in a accordance by SNI that the pH value of the composite paste is 4,5–10,5 and is semisolid form.

Potensi Instrumen FTIR dan GC-MS dalam Mengkarakterisasi dan Membedakan Gelatin Lemak Ayam, Itik dan Babi St Chadijah; Maswati Baharuddin; Firnanelty Firnanelty
Al-Kimia Vol 7 No 2 (2019): DECEMBER
Publisher : Study Program of Chemistry - Alauddin State Islamic University of Makassar

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkarakterisasi gelatin tulang kaki ayam, kulit itik dan kulit babi serta membedakan profil asam lemak dari ketiga material tersebut. Metode yang digunakan: proses curing dan hidrolisis dengan variasi suhu. Hasil yang diperoleh dikarakteisasi dengan FTIR dan GC-MS. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan gelatin yang dihasilkan dari tulang kaki ayam, kulit babi dan kulit itik pada suhu 80ᵒC masing-masing 2.02%; 9.33% dan 1.1%. Kadar air dari tulang kaki ayam, kulit babi, dan kulit itik yaitu 11.19%; 7.73% dan 7.7%. kadar air tersebut telah memenuhi standar kadar air SNI yaitu maksimum 16%. Hasil karakterisasi gelatin dengan FTIR menunjukkan serapan gugus fungsi yang spesifik. Pada spektrum FTIR gelatin kulit babi terdapat gugus N−H dan O−H (3433,79 cm-1), CH2 (2931,01 cm-1), C═O (1655,21 cm-1), N−H dan C-N (1544,38 cm-1), N−H (1237,39 cm-1) dan gugus C−O (1079,69 cm-1). Peak yang dihasilkan kulit babi lebih sedikit. Sedangkan GC-MS mampu membedakan komponen asam lemak babi dengan asam lemak ayam dan itik. Diperoleh hasil bahwa komposisi asam lemak utama pada lemak babi adalah asam oleat C18:1 (58,79%), stearat C18:0 (11,66%) dan palmitat C16:0 (11,44%). Komponen asam lemak utama pada lemak babi murni secara keseluruhan memiliki asam arakidonat dan asam eikosenat yang tidak terdeteksi pada lemak lain.

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