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Intake and digestibility of untreated and urea treated rice straw base diet fed to sheep Yulistiani, D; Gallagher, J.R; Barneveld, R.J. Van
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 8, No 1 (2003)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Rice straw as one of agricultural by-products has low quality due to low content of essensial nutrients like protein, energy, minerals and vitamin as well as poor palatability and digestibility. Therefore, the quality of rice straw needs to be improved in order to increase its utilization by gastrointestinal tract of ruminants. The purpose of this study is to compare untreated and urea treated rice straw as basal diets for sheep. Twelve mature Merino wethers (average body weight 53.62 + 3.44 kg) were separated into 4 groups based on their live weight with each groups assigned three diets, that are: diet 1 untreated rice straw with high forage legume content, diet 2 urea ensiled rice straw and diet 3 rice straw sprayed with urea solution at feeding time. Diets were allocated based on a randomized complete block design. Urea ensiled rice straw was prepared by spraying chopped straw with urea solution to yield straw containing 4% urea and 40% moisture, then kept in air tight polythylene bags for 6 weeks. The untreated, ensiled and urea supplemented rice straw were mixed with other feed ingredients to provide isoenergetic and isonitrogenous diets. Diets were formulated to meet maintenance requirement according to NRC. Sheep were adapted to experimental diets for 15 days, and after adaptation period, a metabolism trial was conducted. Results reveal that dry matter intake permetabolic body weight (DMI/W0.75), DE (digestible energi) intake and apparent digestibility of NDF (neutral detergent fibre) were not significantly different between diet 1 and diet 2. Apparent digestibility of DM (dry matter), OM (organic matter), and ADF (acid detergent fibre), as well as N retention were not significantly different between three diets. Positive result in N retention was only observed in diet 2, while others were negative. It may be concluded from this study that untreated rice straw basal diet supplemented with forage legume offer an alternative method other than urea ensiled for improving the nutritional value of rice straw as a ruminant feed on small farmer. Â Key words: Rice straw, urea treated, digestibility, and sheep

The effects of inorganic and organic Zn, Cu and Mo supplementation to the in vitro digestibility of Elephant grass were studied in this trial. The in vitro trial used the TILLEY dan TERRY method modified by VAN SOEST with the incubation of the grass for 4 D, Yulistiani; Gallagher, J.R; Barneveld, R. Van
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 5, No 1 (2000)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

chemical composition (nitrogen/N; neutral detergent tibre/NDF; acid detergent fibre/ADF; hemicellulose/HC; lignin and silica) and IVOMD (in vitro organic matter digestibility). Straws from eight varieties obtained from Yanco Agricultural Institute, Leeton, N.S.W. was used. Straws were cut into upper and lower part in equal length, then chopped. Chopped straw from each varieties and each part was treated with urea at 4% DM. The experiment used an 8x2x2 factorial design. Results showed that the chemical composition and IVOMD varied between varieties. Before treatment with urea, in all varieties the N content was higher in the upper (8.1-11.1 g/kg) than the lower part (5.8-8.3 g/kg). The IVOMD of the lower part was higher than that of the upper part except for lIb, and Yrl varieties. The IVOMD of the lower part untreated straw ranged from 325 - 498 g/kg whereas in the upper part it ranged from 325-439 g/kg. Urea treatment consistently increased the N content and IVOMD of both parts in all varieties. After urea treatment there was no significant difference in IVOMD between upper and lower part in any variety. The increase of IVOMD in response to urea treatment was higher when the original quality of straw is low where the increase IVOMD is 53% (from 325 to 499 g/kg). There was no consistent effect of urea treatment on the other chemical components. This study concluded that the urea treatment would be more beneficial for use with low quality rice straw. Â Key words: Rice straw, variety, urea treatment, chemical composition, in vitro organic matter digestibility

The effects of inorganic and organic Zn, Cu and Mo supplementation to the in vitro digestibility of Elephant grass were studied in this trial. The in vitro trial used the TILLEY dan TERRY method modified by VAN SOEST with the incubation of the grass for 4 Yulistiani D; J.R Gallagher; R. Van Barneveld
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 5, No 1 (2000): MARCH 2000
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

chemical composition (nitrogen/N; neutral detergent tibre/NDF; acid detergent fibre/ADF; hemicellulose/HC; lignin and silica) and IVOMD (in vitro organic matter digestibility). Straws from eight varieties obtained from Yanco Agricultural Institute, Leeton, N.S.W. was used. Straws were cut into upper and lower part in equal length, then chopped. Chopped straw from each varieties and each part was treated with urea at 4% DM. The experiment used an 8x2x2 factorial design. Results showed that the chemical composition and IVOMD varied between varieties. Before treatment with urea, in all varieties the N content was higher in the upper (8.1-11.1 g/kg) than the lower part (5.8-8.3 g/kg). The IVOMD of the lower part was higher than that of the upper part except for lIb, and Yrl varieties. The IVOMD of the lower part untreated straw ranged from 325 - 498 g/kg whereas in the upper part it ranged from 325-439 g/kg. Urea treatment consistently increased the N content and IVOMD of both parts in all varieties. After urea treatment there was no significant difference in IVOMD between upper and lower part in any variety. The increase of IVOMD in response to urea treatment was higher when the original quality of straw is low where the increase IVOMD is 53% (from 325 to 499 g/kg). There was no consistent effect of urea treatment on the other chemical components. This study concluded that the urea treatment would be more beneficial for use with low quality rice straw. Key words: Rice straw, variety, urea treatment, chemical composition, in vitro organic matter digestibility

Intake and digestibility of untreated and urea treated rice straw base diet fed to sheep D Yulistiani; J.R Gallagher; R.J. Van Barneveld
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 8, No 1 (2003): MARCH 2003
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

Rice straw as one of agricultural by-products has low quality due to low content of essensial nutrients like protein, energy, minerals and vitamin as well as poor palatability and digestibility. Therefore, the quality of rice straw needs to be improved in order to increase its utilization by gastrointestinal tract of ruminants. The purpose of this study is to compare untreated and urea treated rice straw as basal diets for sheep. Twelve mature Merino wethers (average body weight 53.62 + 3.44 kg) were separated into 4 groups based on their live weight with each groups assigned three diets, that are: diet 1 untreated rice straw with high forage legume content, diet 2 urea ensiled rice straw and diet 3 rice straw sprayed with urea solution at feeding time. Diets were allocated based on a randomized complete block design. Urea ensiled rice straw was prepared by spraying chopped straw with urea solution to yield straw containing 4% urea and 40% moisture, then kept in air tight polythylene bags for 6 weeks. The untreated, ensiled and urea supplemented rice straw were mixed with other feed ingredients to provide isoenergetic and isonitrogenous diets. Diets were formulated to meet maintenance requirement according to NRC. Sheep were adapted to experimental diets for 15 days, and after adaptation period, a metabolism trial was conducted. Results reveal that dry matter intake permetabolic body weight (DMI/W0.75), DE (digestible energi) intake and apparent digestibility of NDF (neutral detergent fibre) were not significantly different between diet 1 and diet 2. Apparent digestibility of DM (dry matter), OM (organic matter), and ADF (acid detergent fibre), as well as N retention were not significantly different between three diets. Positive result in N retention was only observed in diet 2, while others were negative. It may be concluded from this study that untreated rice straw basal diet supplemented with forage legume offer an alternative method other than urea ensiled for improving the nutritional value of rice straw as a ruminant feed on small farmer. Key words: Rice straw, urea treated, digestibility, and sheep

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