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Rini Murtiningsih
Indonesian Vegetables Research Institute
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

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LABORATORY AND FIELD EVALUATION OF ESSENTIAL OILS FROM Cymbopogon nardus AS OVIPOSITION DETERRENT AND OVICIDAL ACTIVITIES AGAINST Helicoverpa armigera Hubner ON CHILI PEPPER Wiwin Setiawati; Rini Murtiningsih; Ahsol Hasyim
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 12, No 1 (2011): April 2011
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/ijas.v12n1.2011.p9-16

Abstract

The fruit borer (Helicoverpa armigera Hubner) is one of the key pests of chili pepper in Indonesia. Yield loss due to this insect pest may reach up to 60%. Chemical treatment for con-trolling this insect pest is ineffective and eventually leads to environmental pollution. More environmentally safe insecticides are developed based on natural plant ingredients as their active compound such as essential oils. This study aimed to assess the potential of citronella oil for managing H. armigera on chili pepper. The experiments were conducted at the Indonesian Vegetables Research Institute from April 2009 to March 2010 and in Cirebon, West Java from November 2009 to March 2010. A field experiment was designed in a randomized complete block design with five treatments and replicated five times. Citronella oil was extracted by steam distillation from Cymbo-pogon  nardus. The oil was then chemically characterized by using GC-MS and its efficacy (ovicidal and feeding deterrent) against H. armigera was tested both in laboratory and field conditions. The GC-MS result showed that major chemical compounds of the citronella oil used were citronella (35.97%), nerol (17.28%), citronellol (10.03%), geranyle acetate (4.44%), elemol (4.38%), limonene (3.98%), and citronnellyle acetate (3.51%). The laboratory experiment revealed that the highest concentration (4,000 ppm) of citronella oil reduced egg laying by 53-66%. Ovicidal activity was concentration dependent, and egg hatchability decreased by 15-95% compared to control. The field experiment showed that treatment of citronella oil at 2.0 mL L-1 significantly reduced fruit damage by H. armigera similar to the plots treated with spinosad at the recommended dose (60 g ai ha-1). Application of citronella oil significantly reduced fruit damage by 72% and increased quality of the chili pepper. Because oviposition and feeding deterrent properties are key factors in controlling the pest, therefore this study revealed that citronella oil has potential to be incorporated into the controlling program of H. armigera on chili pepper.
Pengaruh Aplikasi Lecanicillium lecanii Terhadap Ambang Kendali Trips Pada Tanaman Kentang (Effect of Application of Lecanicillium lecanii on Control Threshold of Thrips in Potato) Laksminiwati Prabaningrum; Tonny Koestoni Moekasan; Rini Murtiningsih
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 28, No 1 (2018): Juni 2018
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticulture Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jhort.v28n1.2018.p105-112

Abstract

Cendawan entomopatogen Lecanicillium lecanii merupakan musuh alami potensial bagi trips. Pemanfaatannya dalam budidaya kentang diharapkan mampu meningkatkan nilai ambang kendali Thrips palmi dalam rangka mendukung pelestarian lingkungan. Penelitian bertujuan mengevaluasi ambang kendali trips dengan menambahkan penggunaan L. lecanii sebagai agens pengendalian hayati. Penelitian dilakukan di Desa Marga Mekar (1.200 m dpl.), Kecamatan Pangalengan, Kabupaten Bandung, Jawa Barat, dari bulan Mei hingga Agustus 2016. Penelitian disusun menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok dengan enam perlakuan dan tiap perlakuan diulang empat kali. Macam perlakuan yang diuji adalah: (A) ambang kendali satu nimfa trips/daun + L. lecanii, (B) ambang kendali enam nimfa trips/daun + L. lecanii, (C) ambang kendali 11 nimfa trips/daun + L. lecanii, (D) ambang kendali 16 nimfa trips /daun + L. lecanii, (E) penyemprotan insektisida 2x/minggu, dan (F) kontrol, tanpa penyemprotan insektisida dan tanpa L. lecanii. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penyemprotan L. lecanii (1x/minggu) mampu meningkatkan ambang kendali trips dari 10 nimfa /daun menjadi 16 nimfa/daun, mampu menekan penggunaan insektisida sebesar 56,25–100%, dan mampu menekan kehilangan hasil panen ubi kentang sebesar 34,98–45,74%. Lecanicillium lecanii sebagai pengendali trips lebih tepat digunakan pada musim kemarau, dan pada saat serangan penyakit rendah, untuk menghindari penggunaan fungisida sistemik yang dapat mematikan cendawan entomopatogen tersebut.KeywordsAmbang kendali; Cendawan entomopatogen; Penyemprotan insektisida; Solanum tuberosum L.; Thrips palmi KarnyAbstractLecanicillium lecanii  is one of entomopathogenic fungus that effective against thrips. The use of the fungus in potato cultivation may increase control threshold of thrips in order to hold environment sustainability. The experiment was aimed to evaluate the control threshold of thrips with add L. lecanii as an biological control agent. The experiment had been conducted in Marga Mekar Village (1,200 m asl.), Pangalengan Sub District, Bandung District, West Java Province. The experiment was arranged in randomized block design with six treatments and each treatment was replicated four times. The treatments tested were (A) control threshold one nymph/leaf + L. lecanii, (B) control threshold six nymphs/leaf + L. lecanii, (C) control threshold 11 nymphs/leaf + L. lecanii, (D) control threshold 16 nymphs/leaf + L. lecanii, (E) insecticide spraying 2x/week, and (F) check, without insecticide and without L. lecanii. Result showed that L. lecanii spraying (1x / week) was able to increase the control threshold of thrips of 10 nymphs/leaf to 16 nymphs/leaf, was able to suppress the use of insecticides by 56.25% to 100%, and was able to suppress the yield loss of potato by 34.98% to 45.74%. Lecanicillum lecanii as a biological control agent of thrips more appropriately used in the dry season, when the disease intensity is low, in order to avoid sistemic fungicide application that able kill the entomopathogenic fungus.
Co-Authors Ahsol Hasyim Laksminiwati Prabaningrum Tonny Koestoni Moekasan Wiwin Setiawati