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Tonny Koestoni Moekasan
Indonesian Vegetables Research Institute
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Budidaya Kubis di Dalam Rumah Kasa Dalam Upaya Menekan Serangan Hama (Cultivation of Cabbage in the Netting House in Order to Reduce Pests Infestation) Laksminiwati Prabaningrum; Tonny Koestoni Moekasan
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 27, No 1 (2017): Juni 2017
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticulture Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jhort.v27n1.2017.p87-94

Abstract

Salah satu kendala dalam budidaya kubis ialah serangan hama utama yaitu ulat daun kubis  Plutella xylostella dan ulat krop kubis Crocidolomia binotalis. Penggunaan penghadang fisik atau rumah kasa sedang dikembangkan sebagai alternatif cara pengendalian selain menggunakan insektisida. Informasi mengenai sejauh mana pengaruh penggunaan rumah kasa terhadap serangan hama-hama tersebut pada budidaya kubis di Indonesia masih terbatas. Oleh karena itu  penelitian untuk menguji kemampuan rumah kasa dalam mencegah serangan hama kubis dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Margahayu (1250 m dpl.), Balai Penelitian Tanaman Sayuran di Lembang, dari bulan Desember 2014 sampai April 2015. Penelitian disusun menggunakan petak berpasangan dengan dua macam perlakuan, yaitu budidaya kubis di dalam rumah kasa (A) dan budidaya kubis di lahan terbuka (B). Tiap  perlakuan diulang sebanyak empat kali. Aplikasi insektisida dilakukan jika populasi hama telah mencapai ambang pengendalian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan rumah kasa mampu menekan populasi ulat daun kubis dan kerusakan tanaman oleh serangan ulat krop kubis, sehingga dapat mengurangi jumlah aplikasi insektisida sebesar 62,50%, dengan hasil panen lebih tinggi sebesar 13,75% dan kualitas krop kubis tetap tinggi.KeywordsKubis (Brassica oleracea var. capitata); Plutella xylostella; Crocidolomia binotalis; Aplikasi insektisidaAbstractInfestation of key pests, Plutella xylostella and Crocidolomia binotalis is one of constraints in cabbage cultivation. The use of netting house is being developed as an alternative tactic for controlling the pests. Information of effect of netting house in cabbage cultivation in Indonesia is limited. Therefore the experiment to test the potency of netting house to reduce pests infestation was conducted at Margahayu Research Garden (1,250 m asl.), Indonesian Vegetable Research Institute in Lembang, from December 2014 until April 2015. The experiment was arranged using paired comparison with two treatments and each treatment was replicated four times. The treatments tested were: (A) cabbage cultivation in the netting house and (B) cabbage cultivation in open field. The construction of the netting house made from metal with 2.5 m high. The roof made from the screen with specification of R10-215TrM3-80 mesh 36 with 58 holes/cm2, and the wall with specification of R2-C225TrM2-70 mesh 66 with 127 holes/cm2. Insecticide was applied if the pest population reached the control threshold. The result showed that compared with cabbage cultivation in open field, cabbage cultivation in the netting house: (1) was able to reduce population of P. xylostella larvae and plant damage due to C. binotalis, so that number of insecticide application was reduced by 62.50%, (2) increased the yield by 13.75%, and (3) produced high quality cabbage crop that showed by dietary fibre of 0.88% and density of crop of 3.89 mm/second/100 g.
Pengaruh Aplikasi Lecanicillium lecanii Terhadap Ambang Kendali Trips Pada Tanaman Kentang (Effect of Application of Lecanicillium lecanii on Control Threshold of Thrips in Potato) Laksminiwati Prabaningrum; Tonny Koestoni Moekasan; Rini Murtiningsih
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 28, No 1 (2018): Juni 2018
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticulture Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jhort.v28n1.2018.p105-112

Abstract

Cendawan entomopatogen Lecanicillium lecanii merupakan musuh alami potensial bagi trips. Pemanfaatannya dalam budidaya kentang diharapkan mampu meningkatkan nilai ambang kendali Thrips palmi dalam rangka mendukung pelestarian lingkungan. Penelitian bertujuan mengevaluasi ambang kendali trips dengan menambahkan penggunaan L. lecanii sebagai agens pengendalian hayati. Penelitian dilakukan di Desa Marga Mekar (1.200 m dpl.), Kecamatan Pangalengan, Kabupaten Bandung, Jawa Barat, dari bulan Mei hingga Agustus 2016. Penelitian disusun menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok dengan enam perlakuan dan tiap perlakuan diulang empat kali. Macam perlakuan yang diuji adalah: (A) ambang kendali satu nimfa trips/daun + L. lecanii, (B) ambang kendali enam nimfa trips/daun + L. lecanii, (C) ambang kendali 11 nimfa trips/daun + L. lecanii, (D) ambang kendali 16 nimfa trips /daun + L. lecanii, (E) penyemprotan insektisida 2x/minggu, dan (F) kontrol, tanpa penyemprotan insektisida dan tanpa L. lecanii. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penyemprotan L. lecanii (1x/minggu) mampu meningkatkan ambang kendali trips dari 10 nimfa /daun menjadi 16 nimfa/daun, mampu menekan penggunaan insektisida sebesar 56,25–100%, dan mampu menekan kehilangan hasil panen ubi kentang sebesar 34,98–45,74%. Lecanicillium lecanii sebagai pengendali trips lebih tepat digunakan pada musim kemarau, dan pada saat serangan penyakit rendah, untuk menghindari penggunaan fungisida sistemik yang dapat mematikan cendawan entomopatogen tersebut.KeywordsAmbang kendali; Cendawan entomopatogen; Penyemprotan insektisida; Solanum tuberosum L.; Thrips palmi KarnyAbstractLecanicillium lecanii  is one of entomopathogenic fungus that effective against thrips. The use of the fungus in potato cultivation may increase control threshold of thrips in order to hold environment sustainability. The experiment was aimed to evaluate the control threshold of thrips with add L. lecanii as an biological control agent. The experiment had been conducted in Marga Mekar Village (1,200 m asl.), Pangalengan Sub District, Bandung District, West Java Province. The experiment was arranged in randomized block design with six treatments and each treatment was replicated four times. The treatments tested were (A) control threshold one nymph/leaf + L. lecanii, (B) control threshold six nymphs/leaf + L. lecanii, (C) control threshold 11 nymphs/leaf + L. lecanii, (D) control threshold 16 nymphs/leaf + L. lecanii, (E) insecticide spraying 2x/week, and (F) check, without insecticide and without L. lecanii. Result showed that L. lecanii spraying (1x / week) was able to increase the control threshold of thrips of 10 nymphs/leaf to 16 nymphs/leaf, was able to suppress the use of insecticides by 56.25% to 100%, and was able to suppress the yield loss of potato by 34.98% to 45.74%. Lecanicillum lecanii as a biological control agent of thrips more appropriately used in the dry season, when the disease intensity is low, in order to avoid sistemic fungicide application that able kill the entomopathogenic fungus.
Co-Authors Laksminiwati Prabaningrum Rini Murtiningsih