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All Journal Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Buletin Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat Gontor AGROTECH Science Journal Buletin Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat
Dwi Ningsih Susilowati
ICABIOGRAD
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Education

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POTENTIAL OF ENDOPHYTIC FUNGI DERIVING FROM ASIATIC PENNYWORTH TO PRODUCE ANTIOXIDANTS Dwi Ningsih Susilowati; Nani Radiastuti; Nurhasni Nurhasni; Lisca Puji Rustanti; Ika Roostika Tambunan
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 22, No 2 (2021): DECEMBER 2021
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/ijas.v22n2.2021.p58-65

Abstract

Asiatic pennyworth is a medicinal plant that contains triterpenoids, saponin, flavonoids, and tannins which possess antioxidants. Endophytic fungi from the plant could produce a similar compound; therefore, antioxidants could be made in the laboratory if the fungi are isolated. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of endophytic fungi isolated from Asiatic pennyworth to produce antioxidants. The study used 34 endophytic fungal isolates from Asiatic pennyworth accessions of Malaysia (17 isolates) and Bengkulu, Indonesia (17 isolates) collected by the Indonesian Center for Agricultural Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Research and Development. The fungi were propagated in a potato dextrose broth medium, then mycelia mats and filtrates were separated and then freeze-dried. The antioxidant activities were first tested with 1,1-diphenyl-2- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) using thin layer chromatography (TLC), then UV-Vis spectrophotometry λ517 nm with five variations of concentration. Results showed all 34 fungal isolates have antioxidant activities based on a yellowish-white color change after applying 0.002% DPPH solution of the TLC method and IC50 value of the UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The highest antioxidant activity was shown by Aspergillus austroafricanus MB 1 (IC50 = 12.08 ppm) from Bengkulu accession and A. oryzae MM 13 (IC50 = 10.29 ppm) from Malaysia accession. A. austroafricanus MB 1 produced more antioxidant compounds (seven) than A. oryzae MM 13 (six). The antioxidant compounds produced by both endophytic fungi included in the group of flavonoids, fatty acids, and carboxylic acids. The research implies that A. austroafricanus MB 1 and A. oryzae MM 13 could be further developed as sources of antioxidants.
Diversity of Endophytic Fungi in The Root, Leaf, Stolon and Petiole of Asiatic Pennywort (Centella asiatica) Dwi Ningsih Susilowati; Amelia Rakhmaniar; Nani Radiastuti; Ika Roostika
Buletin Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat Vol 30, No 1 (2019): Buletin Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/bullittro.v30n1.2019.47-58

Abstract

Endophytic fungi live in healthy tissues of many plants, including in medicinal plant such as Asiatic pennywort (Centella asiatica). These fungi exist in different parts of the plant as symbionts. The study aimed to isolate endophytic fungi from various parts of Asiatic pennywort of Malaysia accession and characterize their nature.  Three individual plants of Asiatic pennywort (3 months-old) were obtained from the Sringanis Medicinal Garden in Bogor. The endophytes were isolated on Malt Extract Agar. The community structures of the endophytes were analyzed based on their diversity, colonization, dominance index, and relative frequency of occurrence of the isolated endophytic fungi. A total of 78 isolates have been obtained from three individual plants and clustered into 22 morphotypes consisted of 18 morphotypes of Ascomycota and 4 morphotypes of Basidiomycota divisions. The stolons harbored more endophytes (22.9 %) followed by leaf (16.7 %), root (11.8 %), and petiole (7.6 %). The diversity index was classified as medium category with the highest result (1.91) was found in the root, followed by leaf (1.79), stolon (1.75), and petiole (1.29). The most dominant endophytes were identified as Ceratobasidium sp., Colletotrichum sp, and Fusarium sp. Ceratobasidium sp. has the highest dominance index (0.02). UPGMA cluster analysis grouped the endophytic fungi into distinct clusters based on the plant parts origin. This study implied that stolon was the the most suitable part of Asiatic pennywort for isolating endophytic fungi. Further study is required to examine the role of the endophytic fungi to produce secondary metabolites in Asiatic pennywort.
Use of Bacillus firmus E65-Talc Based Formulation for The Management of Bacterial Leaf Blight Disease yadi - suryadi; Dwi Ningsih susilowati; I Made - Samudra
Gontor AGROTECH Science Journal Vol 7, No 2 (2021): December 2021
Publisher : University of Darussalam Gontor, Ponorogo, East Java Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/agrotech.v7i2.5993

Abstract

It has long been known that bacterial leaf blight (BLB) caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo), is major bacterial diseases which occured widespread in rice growing countries. This study was performed to determine effect of biological control using endophyte bacteria formulated in talc-based powder against Xoo in rice agroecosystem which grown under organic system of rice intensification (SRI) in Cianjur-West Java. Carriers formulation of talc-based powder was prepared to contain endophytic bacteria of Bacillus firmus (isolate E65) which was previously isolated from the rice field. BLB disease suppression was ranged 2.14% to 97.15%. among cultivars tested, with the average BLB severity among six cultivars was 9.79%. The cv. Inpari 10 (Moderate) showed the lowest disease severity compared with that of resistance cv. Sintanur, Mekongga and Code. This suggests that the biocontrol efficacy of formulation B. firmus E65-talc-based powder was not affected by cultivar susceptibility. The antagonistic bacteria formulation yields up to 9%. The highest yields for each respective treatment treated with talc based-bacterial formulation were obtained using cv. Inpari 10 and Cisantana. The scale-up of biocontrol products that prolongs biocontrol activity may challenged with shelf life of formulation. This study showed advantages of single cultures of bacterial antagonist used in a talc-based formulation is possible to suppress BLB disease and promotes rice yield under SRI field condition.  
Diversity of Endophytic Fungi in The Root, Leaf, Stolon and Petiole of Asiatic Pennywort (Centella asiatica) Dwi Ningsih Susilowati; Amelia Rakhmaniar; Nani Radiastuti; Ika Roostika
Buletin Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat Vol 30, No 1 (2019): Buletin Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/bullittro.v30n1.2019.47-58

Abstract

Endophytic fungi live in healthy tissues of many plants, including in medicinal plant such as Asiatic pennywort (Centella asiatica). These fungi exist in different parts of the plant as symbionts. The study aimed to isolate endophytic fungi from various parts of Asiatic pennywort of Malaysia accession and characterize their nature.  Three individual plants of Asiatic pennywort (3 months-old) were obtained from the Sringanis Medicinal Garden in Bogor. The endophytes were isolated on Malt Extract Agar. The community structures of the endophytes were analyzed based on their diversity, colonization, dominance index, and relative frequency of occurrence of the isolated endophytic fungi. A total of 78 isolates have been obtained from three individual plants and clustered into 22 morphotypes consisted of 18 morphotypes of Ascomycota and 4 morphotypes of Basidiomycota divisions. The stolons harbored more endophytes (22.9 %) followed by leaf (16.7 %), root (11.8 %), and petiole (7.6 %). The diversity index was classified as medium category with the highest result (1.91) was found in the root, followed by leaf (1.79), stolon (1.75), and petiole (1.29). The most dominant endophytes were identified as Ceratobasidium sp., Colletotrichum sp, and Fusarium sp. Ceratobasidium sp. has the highest dominance index (0.02). UPGMA cluster analysis grouped the endophytic fungi into distinct clusters based on the plant parts origin. This study implied that stolon was the the most suitable part of Asiatic pennywort for isolating endophytic fungi. Further study is required to examine the role of the endophytic fungi to produce secondary metabolites in Asiatic pennywort.
Co-Authors Amelia Rakhmaniar I Made - Samudra Ika Roostika Ika Roostika Tambunan Lisca Puji Rustanti Nani Radiastuti Nurhasni, N. yadi - suryadi