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Ika Mariska
Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian, Jalan Tentara Pelajar 3A, Bogor 16111
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

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Mikropropagasi Tanaman Manggis (Garcinia mangostana) Ika Roostika; Novianti Sunarlim; Ika Mariska
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 1, No 1 (2005): April
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v1n1.2005.p20-25

Abstract

The conventional propagation of mangosteen plant is still facing some problems, such as the limited fruiting season and number of seedling, and slow growth of seedling. In vitro culture is an alternative technique to solve the problems. An experiment was done to obtain a suitable micropropagation technique for mangosteen plant through in vitro culture with high level of shoot multiplication and root formation, as well as high level of acclimated shoot or planlet growth. The treatments for shoot induction and axillary bud multiplication of mangosteen were three levels of BA (1, 3, and 5 mg/l) on the MS basal medium. The treatments for root induction were combinations between two kinds of basal medium (MS and WPM), two formulations of the media (full strength and 1/4 strength), and two levels of IBA (5 and 10 mg/l). Root induction was also done ex situ by dipping the shoots in IBA solutions (100-200 ppm) for 1-2 hours, followed planting onto the best acclimation media. The acclimation was done using two different media (soil only and soil + compost) under two different environments (green house and incubation room + green house). Results of the experiment showed that the highest percentages of seed growth and number of shoots per seed was obtained on the basal medium containing 5 mg/l BA. The highest number of axillary bud multiplication was obtained on the medium with 3 mg/l BA. MS medium + 5 mg/l IBA promoted 75% rooting. The plant acclimatization on soil + compost in the green house with 75% shading promoted the fastest plant growth. During the acclimatization, up to 75% of the shoots treated with dipping in 100 ppm IBA solution for one hour grew well. After four months, the roots of the plant developed secondary and tertiary roots.
Perkecambahan dan Perbanyakan Gaharu secara In Vitro Mia Kosmiatin; Ali Husni; Ika Mariska
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 1, No 2 (2005): Oktober
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v1n2.2005.p62-67

Abstract

Agarwood (Aquilaria malaccensis Lank) is one of the forest wood that are continously exploited. Currently, the Indonesian export of agarwood is decreasing because its population is endangered by excessive logging. Agarwood propagations need technology for reproduction of agarwood seedlings and their fungal inoculum. In vitro technique for germination of recalsitrant seeds and micropropagation are technologies that can be used for propagation of agarwood seedlings. An experiment was done to develop techniques for in vitro germination and micropropagation of agarwood. The in vitro germination was done using two different techniques. Firstly, sterile seeds were germinated on an MS medium + 50 mg/l PVP, 50 mg/l GA, and 1 mg/l BA or kinetin. Secondly, sterile seeds were germinated on basal medium of MS, 1/2 MS medium, MS medium without vitamins, as well as on MS medium without pyridoxine, nicotinic acid and WPM. Shoot initiations and multiplications were done on MS and 1/2 MS media containing 1, 3, or 5 mg/l BA. The explants used were cotyledone nodes, terminal shoots, single node with leaf, and sinle node without leaf. The results showed that the seed germination rate on the different media ranged from 7,14 to 50%. The seed germination rate on the MS medium without vitamis was the highest. The best explants for shoot induction and multiplication was single node with leaf which was cultured on MS + 1 mg/l BA.
Uji Pendahuluan Genotipe-genotipe Kedelai Hasil Seleksi In Vitro terhadap Cekaman Aluminium dan pH Rendah Arief Vivi Noviati; Sri Hutami; Ika Mariska; Endang Sjamsudin
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 1, No 2 (2005): Oktober
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v1n2.2005.p73-75

Abstract

Aluminum toxicity is a major constraint to soybean production in acid soils. Since variabilities on Al tolerance in plants are very limited, mutation breeding, and in vitro selection were used to increase the variability. Three soyben genotypes were produced from cultivars Wilis and Sindoro that have been gamma irradiated and selected in vitro for their tolerance to Al on Al and low pH media. These genotypes and their original cultivars were then planted in a greenhouse in an acid soil on May 2001. The results showed that the plant performances were varied, some were shorter and more compact than the original. Based on the yield components, a number of plants from the genotypes showed higher than those of the control cultivars. These plants were considered more tolerant to Al than the original cultivars.
Peningkatan Keragaman Genetik Tanaman melalui Keragaman Somaklonal Sri Hutami; Ika Mariska; Yati Supriati
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 2, No 2 (2006): Oktober
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v2n2.2006.p81-88

Abstract

High genetic variability’s are important factors in the development of new crop varieties. In vitro techniques are applicable for development of crop variability that is not found in the gene pool. One of the in vitro techniques that can be used for this purpose is the somaclonal variation technique. Somaclonal variation may be derived from genetic variations in explants and genetic variations in tissue cultures. Variations in the explant may be obtained from cell mutations or polysomic mutations of a certain tissue. Genetic variations in tissue culture may be caused by ploidy of chromosomes (endomitosis fusion), changes of chromosom structures (crossings), as well as changes of genes and cytoplasms. Changes of genetic characters may be improved if anorganic compound was added into the medium. To improve the plant tolerances to biotic or abiotic factors, selection components may also be added to the medium. Research results showed that somaclonal variation in tissue culture can improve genetic variations in plants. The variation produced in tissue culture provide chances to develop new plant genotipes. Many selection components, such as Gamma-ray irradiation, Al contents and low pH, pure toxin or filtrate, polyethylene glycol (PEG), and plant growth regulators can be used to improve somaclonal variations in many plants to produce new genotipes.
Co-Authors Ali Husni Arief Vivi Noviati Endang Sjamsudin Ika Roostika Mia Kosmiatin Novianti Sunarlim Sri Hutami Yati Supriati