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All Journal Al-Tsiqoh : Jurnal Ekonomi dan Dakwah Islam Dirosatuna: Journal of Islamic Studies
Aspandi Aspandi
Institut Pesantren KH Abdul Chalim Pacet Mojokerto
Religion

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Epistemologi Nalar Arab Kotemporer Aspandi Aspandi
Al-Tsiqoh : Jurnal Ekonomi dan Dakwah Islam Vol 2 No 1 (2017): Dakwah Islam
Publisher : Institut Pesantren KH Abdul Chalim Mojokerto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (0.272 KB)

Abstract

Turast (tradisi) dan Tajdid (modernitas) merupakan isu utama dalam diskursus kebangkitan Islam.Hegemoni epistemologi Barat dan keterbelakangan Arab dengan turast dianggap sebagai problemutama dalam usaha mewujudkan kebangkitan Islam. Untuk menjawab tantangan modernitas,perlu membangun epistemologi nalar Arab yang tangguh. Abed Al-Jabiri salah seorang filosof danpemikir kontemporer Maghribi, merasa prihatin atas ketrpurukan bangsa Arab dan gagalnyaupaya kebangkitan Islam pada umumnya. Dalam analisanya, Al-Jabiri menilai, faktor utamapenyebab kegagalan kebangkitan Islam adalah problem epistemologi yang tidak sesuai denganmekanisme kebangkitan yang semestinya. Oleh Karena itu, Al-Jabiri menilai perlunya wacanarenovatif (mutajaddid) dengan kembali kepada ‚prinsip-prinsip dasar‛ dari masa lalu, sebagailandasan kebangkitan yang dihadirkan sebagaimana adanya, yang kemudian di interpretasikandalam bentuk yang sesuai dengan nilai-nilai yang baru. Salah satu upaya yang dilakukan Al-Jabiriadalah menawarkan tipologi epistemologis yang dikenal dengan epistemoogi bayani yang bersifatteks, epistemology irfani yang bersifat intuisi dan epistemology burhani yang bersifat rasional.Ketiga epistemologi tersebut dalam pandangannya Al-Jabiri dianggap sebagai solusi dalammenghadapi modernitas Barat.
SOCIAL BEHAVIOR PARADIGM ‎ AND SOCIAL EXCHANGE BEHAVIORISTIC APPROACH Aspandi Aspandi
Dirosatuna: Journal of Islamic Studies Vol 3 No 1 (2020): Islamic and Arabic Studies
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Service, Institute of Pesantren Kiyai Haji Abdul Chalim

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31538/drstn.v3i1.628

Abstract

The sociology paradigm gave birth to a variety of paradigms including; the paradigm of social facts, the paradigm of social definition and the paradigm of social behavior. In contrast to the two previous paradigms, the paradigm of social behavior focuses its discussion on the relationship of individuals and their environment in social interactions and their repetition. The paradigm of social behavior was born as a critique of the paradigm of social facts and social definitions as a perspective that is mystical, cannot be explained rationally and is considered unscientific. The paradigm of social behavior develops in "social behaviorism" with two main supporting theories namely Behavioral Sociology and Theory Exchange theories. The behaviorism approach was developed by B.F Skinner who tried to translate the psychological principles of behaviorism flow into sociology. The Exchange approach, developed by George C Homans, is a correction of structural functionalism that focuses on the determinism of social structure and underestimates the position of individuals as actors. The main characteristic of this theory lies in its analysis of social relations according to cost and reward. This type of research is qualitative in the form of library research. By using various methods such as analytic language, comparative, inductive, it is expected to be able to construct a concept of social behavior paradigm comprehensively.
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