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Observasi dan identifikasi Penyakit Jamur Akar pada Tanaman Pala di Kabupaten Aceh Selatan Rita Harni; Iwa Mara Trisawa; Agus Wahyudi
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 2, No 3 (2011): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

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Abstract

Nutmeg has important role to the national economiy because of export of the product. White root disease is the main constraint in nutmeg production. The objective of this research was observation and identification of the attack and intensity causes respectively. The research conducted in April to July 2011 on farmer’s farm and on phytopathology laboratory of Indonesian Spices and Industrial Crops Research Institute Sukabumi. Survey has been done in five sub-districts namely, Tapak Tuan (Air Berudang and Air Pinang village), Sawang (Simpang Tiga and Lhok Pawoh), Meukek (Alue Meutuah dan Blang Kuala), Labuan Haji Timur (Gunung Rotan dan Keumumu Hilir), and Kluet Utara (Gunung Pulo dan Krueng Batu). Observation was done on persentage of attacks, symptoms of pests and diseases, and soil condition. The samples were taken from the root, stem and soil then isolated and identified conventionaly and molecularly in laboratory. The results showed that cause of the death of nutmeg plant was white root fungus caused by Rigidoporus microporus with attcak intensity from 5% to 100%.
PENYAKIT JAMUR AKAR PUTIH DAN COKELAT PADA JAMBU METE DAN STRATEGI PENGENDALIANNYA Rita Harni; Widi Amaria
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 2, No 2 (2011): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah Dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

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Abstract

The development of cashew (Anacardium occidentale) has a great opportunity, because the national contribution of cashew is still relatively small in world markets. Center prodcuction of the crop in of cashew in eastern Indonesia such as Southeast Sulawesi, South Sulawesi, NTB and NTT. In increasing productivity of cashew crop in Indonesia, there are symptoms of white and brown roots diseases which can cause the death of cashew plant. White Root Rot Fungus (WRF) is caused by Rigidophorus lignosus and Rigidophorus microporus, whereas Brown Root Rot Fungus (BRF) is caused by Phellinus noxius. The symptoms of both diseases are rizomorf in roots and base of the stem, when they attack on the advanced stage, leaves become yellow, fall, dried, canopy only branches and subsequent plant death. WRF and BRF can survive in soil for many years and is a source of infection for healthy cashew. Transmission of the disease through contact with the roots of diseased plants and healthy plants. Control WRF and BRF recommended in an integrated manner, i.e. resistant varieties, technical culture, biological agents, mechanical and chemical. 
Keefektifan Bakteri Endofit untuk Mengendalikan Nematoda Parasit Meloidogyne Incognita pada Tanaman Lada Abdul Munif; Rita Harni
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 2, No 3 (2011): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

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Abstract

The utilization of biological agents for controlling plant diseases was increased along with the hazards of pesticide use and awareness on the environmental friendly farming. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of endophytic bacteria on yellow diseases on pepper caused by plant parasitic nematodes Meloidogyne incognita. Endophytic bacteria that used in this study were isolated from roots of black pepper plants and some of selected endophytic bacteria collection from  Department of Plant Protection, IPB and Research Institute for Spice and Industrial Crops. The results showed that some endophytic bacteria are able to promote the growth of pepper seedlings and also reduce the root gall caused by Meloidogyne spp and juveniles of nematodes in the soil up to 90% and increase the  growth of pepper plants.