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Sri Mulyaningsih
Balai Penelitian Tanaman Pemanis dan Serat
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Pengaruh Cekaman Air Terhadap Karakter Fisiologis Tembakau Temanggung dan Kaitannya dengan Hasil dan Kadar Nikotin Rajangan Kering . Djumali; Sri Mulyaningsih
Buletin Tanaman Tembakau, Serat & Minyak Industri Vol 5, No 2 (2013): Oktober 2013
Publisher : Balai Penelitian Tanaman Pemanis dan Serat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/bultas.v5n2.2013.78-90

Abstract

Tembakau temanggung ditanam pada akhir musim penghujan sehingga sering mengalami cekaman air dan berakibat pada penurunan hasil dan kadar nikotin rajangan kering. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh cekaman air terhadap karakter fisiologis tembakau temanggung serta kaitannya dengan hasil dan kadar nikotin rajangan kering. Penelitian dilakukan di rumah kaca Balittas Malang pada Maret–Oktober 2010 dengan menggunakan Rancangan Petak Terbagi dan diulang 3 kali. Petak utama terdiri atas 3 jenis tanah yakni Komplek Eutrudepts-Hapludalfs, Komplek Dystrudepts-Hapludalfs, dan Vitraquands. Anak petak terdiri atas 5 tingkat kelembapan tanah (60, 70, 80, 90, dan 100% dari kapasitas lapangan). Hasil penelitian me-nunjukkan bahwa cekaman air pada tiga jenis tanah berpengaruh negatif terhadap konduktivitas stomata, laju fotosintesis, hasil dan kadar nikotin rajangan kering, serta berpengaruh positif terhadap bobot spesifik daun. Pengaruh cekaman air terhadap hasil rajangan kering terjadi melalui penurunan konduktivitas stomata dan laju fotosintesis selama fase setelah pemangkasan. Pengaruh cekaman air terhadap kadar nikotin terjadi me-lalui penurunan konduktivitas stomata sebelum pembungaan dan setelah pemangkasan, penurunan laju fotosintesis setelah pemangkasan, dan peningkatan bobot spesifik daun setelah pemangkasan. Temanggung tobacco is grown at the end of wet season which so often experience water stress. Water stress can decrease dry slice yield and nicotine content. The study was aimed to determine the effect of water stress on physiological characteristics of temanggung tobacco and its relation to dry slice yield and nicotine content. Research was conducted in greenhouse of Indonesian Sweetener and Fibre Crops Research Institute, Malang from March to October 2010 using splitplot design and repeated three times. The main plot consisted of three types of soil (Complex Eutrudepts-Hapludalfs, Complex Dystrudepts-Hapludalfs, and Vitraquands). The Subplot consisted of five soil moisture levels (60, 70, 80, 90, and 100% of field capacity). The results showed that water stress on the third series of the soil negatively affect stomatal conductivity, the photosynthesis rate, dry slice yield and nicotine content, as well as the positive effect on specific leaf weight. Effect of water stress on dry slice yield occurred through the decrease of stomata conductivity and photosynthetic rate during the phase after topping. The effect of water stress on nicotine content occurred through a reduction in stomatal conductivity before flowering and after topping, decrease of photosynthetic rate after topping, and increase of specific leaf weight after topping.
Pengaruh Macam Tanaman Sela Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Hasil Jarak Pagar (Jatropha curcas L.) Hasil Rehabilitasi Tahun Ketiga Sri Mulyaningsih; Budi Hariyono
Buletin Tanaman Tembakau, Serat & Minyak Industri Vol 5, No 2 (2013): Oktober 2013
Publisher : Balai Penelitian Tanaman Pemanis dan Serat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/bultas.v5n2.2013.69-77

Abstract

Pada pertanaman jarak pagar yang masih muda (umur 1–2 tahun) dengan jarak tanam 2 m x 2 m ada lahan kosong yang tidak termanfaatkan. Upaya optimalisasi pemanfaatan lahan adalah menanam tanaman sela, sehingga petani mempunyai pendapatan dari tanaman sela sebelum jarak pagar menghasilkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh tanaman sela terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil jarak pagar dan men-dapatkan macam tanaman sela yang sesuai pada jarak pagar hasil rehabilitasi (penyambungan) pada tahun ketiga. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Muktiharjo, Kabupaten Pati, Jawa Tengah mulai bulan Januari hingga Desember 2011, menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok diulang enam kali. Perlakuan yang diuji adalah: 1) jarak pagar + kacang tanah, 2) jarak pagar + kedelai, 3) jarak pagar + kacang hijau, 4) jarak pagar + wijen, dan 5) jarak pagar tanpa tanaman sela. Ukuran petak 8 m x 8 m, jarak tanam jarak pagar 2 m x 2 m. Jarak tanam tanaman sela kacang tanah, kedelai, dan kacang hijau masing-masing 25 cm x 25 cm, sedangkan jarak tanam wijen 50 cm x 25 cm. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hasil biji kering tanaman jarak pagar dengan tanaman sela kedelai, kacang hijau, dan wijen tidak berbeda nyata dengan hasil biji kering jarak pagar monokultur kecuali dengan kacang tanah. Hasil biji kering jarak pagar + kedelai 655,87 kg/ha + 1.316,07 kg/ha; jarak pagar + kacang hijau 644,70 kg/ha + 1.557,5 kg/ha; jarak pagar + wijen 511,49 kg/ha + 1.416,67 kg/ha; jarak pagar + kacang tanah yaitu 358,31 kg/ha + 1.015,28 kg/ha; dan hasil biji kering tanaman jarak pagar tanpa tanaman sela 602,27 kg/ha. Tumpang sari jarak pagar dengan keempat macam tanaman sela (kacang tanah, kedelai, kacang hijau, dan wijen), efisien dalam pemanfaatan lahan dan layak secara ekonomi untuk ditanam dan dikembangkan bersama dengan tanaman jarak pagar rehabilitasi tahun ketiga dengan nilai NKL masing-masing: 1,32; 1,64; 1,98; 1,72 dan B/C ratio 4,79; 1,88; 5,71; 7,03. In young jatropha plantation (1–2 years aged) with 2 m x 2 m spacing there is fallow land. The effort to optimize of land use was by planting intercrops, so that the farmers get income before the jatropha plant produce. This study aimed to determine the effect of intercrops on growth and yield of jatropha and get suitable intercrops in the jatropha rehabilitated plantation (by grafting) in the third year. Research was conducted at Muktiharjo Research Station, Pati, Central Java from January to December 2011. The experiment was arranged in randomized block design with 6 replications. Treatments were 1) intercropping physic nut + peanut, 2) intercropping physic nut + soybean, 3) intercropping physic nut + mungbean, 4) intercropping physic nut + sesame, and 5) physic nut monoculture. Plot size was 8 m x 8 m, plant distance of physic nut were 2 m x 2 m, and plant distances for peanut, soybean, and mungbean were 25 cm x 25 cm and for sesame was 50 cm x 25 cm. Result showed that intercropping was not significantly effect on seed yield of physic nut, however intercropping physic nut with peanut decreased the physic nut seed yield. Seed yield of intercropping physic nut + soybean 655.87 kg/ha + 1,316.07 kg/ha; physic nut + mungbean 644.70 kg/ha + 1,557.55 kg/ha; physic nut + sesame 511.49 kg/ha + 1,416.67 kg/ha; physic nut + peanut 358.31 kg/ha + 1,015.28 kg/ha; and physic nut monoculture 602.27 kg/ha. Intercropping physic nut with four kinds of intercrop plant (peanut, soybean, mungbean, and sesame), efficient land use and economically viable for the grown and developed along with physic nut rehabilitation third year with the value of each land equi-valent ratio (LER) 1.32; 1.64; 1.98; 1.72 intercropping and B/C ratio 4.79; 1.88; 5.71; and 7.03.
PENGARUH TUMPANGSARI TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL PANEN JARAK PAGAR (Jatropha curcas L.) HASIL REHABILITASI Sri Mulyaningsih; Budi Hariyono
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 11, No 3 (2012)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v11i3.500

Abstract

A research to study the effect of intercropping on rehabilitated of physic nut (Jatropha curcas L.) was conducted in Muktiharjo Research Station, Pati, Central of Java, from January to December 2010. Plant materials were physic nut rehabilitated by grafting of main branch with IP-2A (1 year old) and intercrops (peanut, soybean, mungbean and sesame). The experiment arranged in randomized block design with 6 replications. The treatments were: 1) intercropping peanut + physic nut, 2) intercropping soybean + physic nut, 3) intercropping mungbean + physic nut, 4) intercropping sesame + physic nut, and 5) physic nut monoculture. Plot size was 8 m x 8 m, plant distance of physic nut 2 m x 2 m, and plant distance for peanut, soybean and mungbean were 25 cm x 25 cm and sesame was 50 cm x 25 cm. The result showed that jatropha seed yield on intercropping physic nut with soybean (980.05 kg/ha) and mungbean (974.22 kg/ha) were not significantly different from physic nut monoculture (1,094.84 kg/ha). Crop that appropriate for intercropped with rehabilitated physic nut (second year) were soybean and mungbean.
PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI JARAK PAGAR (Jatropha curcas L.; Euphorbiaceae) PADA TIGA TINGKAT POPULASI TANAMAN DI LAHAN KERING BERPASIR Sri Mulyaningsih; Djumali Djumali
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 14, No 3 (2015)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v14i3.1830

Abstract

Seed production of Jatropha grown on dry land is very low. Productivity could be increased by increasing plant population size. This study aimed to obtain a plant population that was capable of supporting optimum growth and seed production on sandy upland. This research was conducted at the Asembagus Experimental Station, Situbondo, East Java from January to December 2012. The planting material used were seeds and cuttings. Three populations levels: (1) 2,500 plants ha-1 (2 m x 2 m), (2) 5,000 plants ha-1 (2 m x 1 m), and (3) 10,000 plants ha-1 (1 m x 1 m ) were arranged in a randomized block design with 5 replications. Destructive observations were made in each month to measure the dry weight of plants, shoot, root, leaf, and leaf area index.The production component were observed at harvesting time by measuring dry weight of fruit, fruit skin, seeds, 1000 fruits, and 1000 seeds. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance and LSD test of 5%. Results showed that the use of 10,000 plants ha-1 could increased dry weight of plants, shoots and roots by134.0-544.6%,125.9-549.4% and 167.8-693.3% respectively. They could also increased seed production by 77.5-178.2%.
PENGARUH SUMBER PUPUK ORGANIK TERHADAP PENAMPILAN TEBU (Saccharum officinarum L.) PADA TATA TANAM BARIS GANDA BENIH GANDA Djumali Busro; Sri Mulyaningsih; Teger Basuki
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 17, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v17i1.2828

Abstract

Increased productivity of sugarcane in upland area can be done through the implementation of the integration of manure with a high dose of inorganic fertilizer in the double rows and twice plant populations of single row (“double rows double seeds”) planting arrangement. Limited availability of manure and inorganic fertilizer entails the replacement of manure with green manure fertilizer. The research was aimed to obtain a green manure as replacement manure that can be intercropped in the double rows double seeds planting arrangement. The experiment was done in the Asembagus Experimental Station, Situbondo, East Java on January to December 2014 for plant cane (PC) and from January to December 2015 for ratoon cane (RC). Treatments were arranged in a Randomized Block Design time for replication. The treatment includes (1) the four rows of Crotalaria juncea, (2) two rows of Crotalaria juncea, (3) four rows of peanuts in width between rows of sugar cane, (4) manure, and (5) no organic fertilizer. The results showed that the integration of organic fertilizer with a low dose of inorganic fertilizers increases productivity and sugar yield 5.20 to 41.78% and 33.33 to 69.90%, respectively in PC and 7.33 to 32.67% and 5.74 to 29.61%, respectively in RC from no organic fertilizer. Four rows of Crotalaria juncea could replace the role of manure in improving the productivity and sugar yield for PC and two rows of Crotalaria juncea for RC.
Pengaruh Cekaman Air Terhadap Karakter Fisiologis Tembakau Temanggung dan Kaitannya dengan Hasil dan Kadar Nikotin Rajangan Kering . Djumali; Sri Mulyaningsih
Buletin Tanaman Tembakau, Serat & Minyak Industri Vol 5, No 2 (2013): Oktober 2013
Publisher : Balai Penelitian Tanaman Pemanis dan Serat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/bultas.v5n2.2013.78-90

Abstract

Tembakau temanggung ditanam pada akhir musim penghujan sehingga sering mengalami cekaman air dan berakibat pada penurunan hasil dan kadar nikotin rajangan kering. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh cekaman air terhadap karakter fisiologis tembakau temanggung serta kaitannya dengan hasil dan kadar nikotin rajangan kering. Penelitian dilakukan di rumah kaca Balittas Malang pada Maret–Oktober 2010 dengan menggunakan Rancangan Petak Terbagi dan diulang 3 kali. Petak utama terdiri atas 3 jenis tanah yakni Komplek Eutrudepts-Hapludalfs, Komplek Dystrudepts-Hapludalfs, dan Vitraquands. Anak petak terdiri atas 5 tingkat kelembapan tanah (60, 70, 80, 90, dan 100% dari kapasitas lapangan). Hasil penelitian me-nunjukkan bahwa cekaman air pada tiga jenis tanah berpengaruh negatif terhadap konduktivitas stomata, laju fotosintesis, hasil dan kadar nikotin rajangan kering, serta berpengaruh positif terhadap bobot spesifik daun. Pengaruh cekaman air terhadap hasil rajangan kering terjadi melalui penurunan konduktivitas stomata dan laju fotosintesis selama fase setelah pemangkasan. Pengaruh cekaman air terhadap kadar nikotin terjadi me-lalui penurunan konduktivitas stomata sebelum pembungaan dan setelah pemangkasan, penurunan laju fotosintesis setelah pemangkasan, dan peningkatan bobot spesifik daun setelah pemangkasan. Temanggung tobacco is grown at the end of wet season which so often experience water stress. Water stress can decrease dry slice yield and nicotine content. The study was aimed to determine the effect of water stress on physiological characteristics of temanggung tobacco and its relation to dry slice yield and nicotine content. Research was conducted in greenhouse of Indonesian Sweetener and Fibre Crops Research Institute, Malang from March to October 2010 using splitplot design and repeated three times. The main plot consisted of three types of soil (Complex Eutrudepts-Hapludalfs, Complex Dystrudepts-Hapludalfs, and Vitraquands). The Subplot consisted of five soil moisture levels (60, 70, 80, 90, and 100% of field capacity). The results showed that water stress on the third series of the soil negatively affect stomatal conductivity, the photosynthesis rate, dry slice yield and nicotine content, as well as the positive effect on specific leaf weight. Effect of water stress on dry slice yield occurred through the decrease of stomata conductivity and photosynthetic rate during the phase after topping. The effect of water stress on nicotine content occurred through a reduction in stomatal conductivity before flowering and after topping, decrease of photosynthetic rate after topping, and increase of specific leaf weight after topping.
Pengaruh Macam Tanaman Sela Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Hasil Jarak Pagar (Jatropha curcas L.) Hasil Rehabilitasi Tahun Ketiga Sri Mulyaningsih; Budi Hariyono
Buletin Tanaman Tembakau, Serat & Minyak Industri Vol 5, No 2 (2013): Oktober 2013
Publisher : Balai Penelitian Tanaman Pemanis dan Serat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/bultas.v5n2.2013.69-77

Abstract

Pada pertanaman jarak pagar yang masih muda (umur 1–2 tahun) dengan jarak tanam 2 m x 2 m ada lahan kosong yang tidak termanfaatkan. Upaya optimalisasi pemanfaatan lahan adalah menanam tanaman sela, sehingga petani mempunyai pendapatan dari tanaman sela sebelum jarak pagar menghasilkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh tanaman sela terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil jarak pagar dan men-dapatkan macam tanaman sela yang sesuai pada jarak pagar hasil rehabilitasi (penyambungan) pada tahun ketiga. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Muktiharjo, Kabupaten Pati, Jawa Tengah mulai bulan Januari hingga Desember 2011, menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok diulang enam kali. Perlakuan yang diuji adalah: 1) jarak pagar + kacang tanah, 2) jarak pagar + kedelai, 3) jarak pagar + kacang hijau, 4) jarak pagar + wijen, dan 5) jarak pagar tanpa tanaman sela. Ukuran petak 8 m x 8 m, jarak tanam jarak pagar 2 m x 2 m. Jarak tanam tanaman sela kacang tanah, kedelai, dan kacang hijau masing-masing 25 cm x 25 cm, sedangkan jarak tanam wijen 50 cm x 25 cm. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hasil biji kering tanaman jarak pagar dengan tanaman sela kedelai, kacang hijau, dan wijen tidak berbeda nyata dengan hasil biji kering jarak pagar monokultur kecuali dengan kacang tanah. Hasil biji kering jarak pagar + kedelai 655,87 kg/ha + 1.316,07 kg/ha; jarak pagar + kacang hijau 644,70 kg/ha + 1.557,5 kg/ha; jarak pagar + wijen 511,49 kg/ha + 1.416,67 kg/ha; jarak pagar + kacang tanah yaitu 358,31 kg/ha + 1.015,28 kg/ha; dan hasil biji kering tanaman jarak pagar tanpa tanaman sela 602,27 kg/ha. Tumpang sari jarak pagar dengan keempat macam tanaman sela (kacang tanah, kedelai, kacang hijau, dan wijen), efisien dalam pemanfaatan lahan dan layak secara ekonomi untuk ditanam dan dikembangkan bersama dengan tanaman jarak pagar rehabilitasi tahun ketiga dengan nilai NKL masing-masing: 1,32; 1,64; 1,98; 1,72 dan B/C ratio 4,79; 1,88; 5,71; 7,03. In young jatropha plantation (1–2 years aged) with 2 m x 2 m spacing there is fallow land. The effort to optimize of land use was by planting intercrops, so that the farmers get income before the jatropha plant produce. This study aimed to determine the effect of intercrops on growth and yield of jatropha and get suitable intercrops in the jatropha rehabilitated plantation (by grafting) in the third year. Research was conducted at Muktiharjo Research Station, Pati, Central Java from January to December 2011. The experiment was arranged in randomized block design with 6 replications. Treatments were 1) intercropping physic nut + peanut, 2) intercropping physic nut + soybean, 3) intercropping physic nut + mungbean, 4) intercropping physic nut + sesame, and 5) physic nut monoculture. Plot size was 8 m x 8 m, plant distance of physic nut were 2 m x 2 m, and plant distances for peanut, soybean, and mungbean were 25 cm x 25 cm and for sesame was 50 cm x 25 cm. Result showed that intercropping was not significantly effect on seed yield of physic nut, however intercropping physic nut with peanut decreased the physic nut seed yield. Seed yield of intercropping physic nut + soybean 655.87 kg/ha + 1,316.07 kg/ha; physic nut + mungbean 644.70 kg/ha + 1,557.55 kg/ha; physic nut + sesame 511.49 kg/ha + 1,416.67 kg/ha; physic nut + peanut 358.31 kg/ha + 1,015.28 kg/ha; and physic nut monoculture 602.27 kg/ha. Intercropping physic nut with four kinds of intercrop plant (peanut, soybean, mungbean, and sesame), efficient land use and economically viable for the grown and developed along with physic nut rehabilitation third year with the value of each land equi-valent ratio (LER) 1.32; 1.64; 1.98; 1.72 intercropping and B/C ratio 4.79; 1.88; 5.71; and 7.03.
Co-Authors . Djumali Budi Hariyono Budi Hariyono Djumali Busro Djumali Djumali Teger Basuki