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Yuli Darni
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The impact of substituting water with eco enzyme in natural bar soap production Simparmin Br Ginting; Muhammad Rizki Agustian; Yuli Darni; Aris Setiawan
Konversi Vol 14, No 2 (2025): OCTOBER 2025
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/k.v14i2.24357

Abstract

The use of eco enzymes can enhance the quality of cleaning products, such as soap. These enzymes, including amylase, lipase, and protease, serve as catalysts and natural antibacterial agents, helping to break down carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins during the decomposition process. This study aims to evaluate the effect of adding eco enzymes on accelerating the saponification reaction and improving the quality of the produced bar soap. The method employed is the cold process, with variations of eco enzymes added at 0 g, 13 g, 26 g, and 39 g. All bar soap samples were analyzed according to the SNI 3532:2021 standard, and one sample that met this standard was selected for further enzymatic analysis. Of the five test parameters performed, soap products with the addition of 13 g, 26 g, and 39 g of eco enzymes complied with all SNI 3532:2021 standards. However, the soap with 0 g of eco enzymes did not meet one of the standards for total plate count microbe contamination, which produced a result of ≤ 4000 CFU/g. Additionally, lipase and protease enzymes were detected in the soap with the addition of 26 g of eco enzymes. The hardness levels of each soap variation were as follows: 1.3 N for 0 g, 1.7 N for 13 g, 2.03 N for 26 g, and 1.47 N for 39 g of eco enzymes.
The effect of cassava peel starch and chitosan ratio with pineapple leaf cellulose nanofibers as fillers on bioplastic characteristics Yuli Darni; Lia Lismeri; Simparmin Br Ginting; Audhea Yolandha Kania
Konversi Vol 15, No 2 (2026): OCTOBER 2026
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/k.v15i2.24342

Abstract

This study aims to examine and determine the formulation of starch-chitosan and filler materials in bioplastic production in relation to the characteristics of the resulting bioplastic and the optimum conditions for bioplastic formulation, to obtain cellulose fibers from pineapple leaves with nanometer dimensions, and to obtain bioplastic from the application of nanoserats with mechanical and physical properties comparable to plastic in accordance with Indonesian National Standards (SNI). In this study, the starch-chitosan mass ratio used varied between 9:1, 8:2, and 7:3 (gram/gram), and the addition of corn stalk cellulose fiber filler varied between 0 grams, 0.5 grams, and 1 gram. The sieve size for starch and filler was 200 mesh. In the bioplastic manufacturing process, the glycerol concentration was set at 10% (weight percent), the stirring time was 35 minutes at a temperature of 75℃, and the stirring speed was 375 rpm. The cellulose fibers produced were still micro in size with a diameter of 1.078–1.224 µm. The results showed that the cassava peel starch chitosan bioplastic with pineapple leaf filler was close to the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) values. The analyses performed included mechanical properties (tensile strength, elongation percentage), physical properties (water absorption and biodegradation test, water vapor permeability), and functional group analysis using FTIR. This bioplastic has the best tensile strength value of 21.74 MPa, elongation of 105.70%, water absorption of 150%, biodegradation of 106.25%, and water vapor permeability of 2.62 g/m². 
Co-Authors Aris Setiawan Audhea Yolandha Kania Azhar Azhar Donny Lesmana Febrina Yohana Dewi Hertantri Yulia Rahmi Lia Lismeri Lia Lismeri Lutfia Rahma Riyadi Muhammad Rizki Agustian Nada Afifah Gomiyati Panca Nugrahini Panca Nugrahini Febriningrum Poppy Meutia Zari Simparmin Br Ginting Tika Novarani