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Pengaruh Perubahan Penggunaan Lahan Terhadap Luas Daerah Resapan Air Di Sub DAS Laut Tawar Imam Cato Reyhan; Purwana Satriyo; Susi Chairani
Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pertanian Vol 5, No 1 (2020): Februari 2020
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Syiah Kuala

Abstrak. Kekritisan pada suatu Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS) dapat disebabkan karena kurangnya daerah yang menjadi resapan air, dimana daerah resapan air semakin berkurang dikarenakan perubahan lahan yang diakibatkan oleh aktivitas manusia, seperti penebangan hutan dan pembangunan pemukiman pada daerah yang seharusnya menjadi tempat konservasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dari perubahan penggunaan lahan terhadap luas daerah resapan air serta mengetahui limpasan permukaan yang terjadi pada Sub DAS Laut Tawar. Analisis daerah resapan dilakukan dengan perbandingan antara infiltrasi potensial dan aktual, sedangkan analisis limpasan permukaan dengan menggunakan Soil Conservation-Service Curve Number (SCS-CN). Hasil dari penelitian daerah resapan air di Sub DAS Laut Tawar dari tahun 2014-2018 diperoleh luas daerah resapan air sebesar 33169,83 ha, yang terdiri dari 4 (empat) kategori yaitu kondisi baik, normal alami, mulai kritis dan agak kritis. Persentasi luas dari tiap kondisi resapan air adalah : 1) Kondisi baik (66,29%, 87,02%, 81,94%, 81,99%, 82,03%); 2) Kondisi normal alami (27,09%, 3,97%, 8,43%, 8,39%, 8,34%); 3) Kondisi mulai kritis (6,57%, 8,87%, 9,49%, 9,49%, 9,49%); dan 4) Kondisi agak kritis (0,05%, 0,13%, 0,13%, 0,13%, 0,13%,). Limpasan permukaan yang terjadi pada tahun 2014-2018 di Sub DAS Laut Tawar berdasarkan kondisi daerah resapan air yaitu : 1) Kondisi baik (16,51 mm, 69,34 mm, 14,50 mm, 23,42 mm, 33,42 mm); 2) Kondisi normal alami (24,35 mm, 239,07 mm, 47,06 mm, 82,78 mm, 91,50 mm); 3) Kondisi mulai kritis (127,60 mm, 395,31 mm, 173,76 mm, 308, 27 mm, 307,74 mm); dan 4) Kondisi agak kritis (155,86 mm, 351,58 mm, 151,13 mm, 268,43 mm, 269,42 mm).Kata kunci : DAS, Daerah Resapan, Limpasan PermukaanThe Impact of Land Use Changes on Catchment Water Areas in The Sub Watershed of Laut TawarAbstract. Watershed impaiment could be caused by a lack of water catchment areas, where water catchment areas were decreasing due to land changes, such as deforestation and development. This study aimed to determine the impact of land use changes on area of water catchment and determine the surface runoff that occured in the Sub Watershed of Laut Tawar. The analysis of infiltration area was conducted by comparing the potential and actual infiltration, whereas the surface runoff analyzed by using Soil Conservation Curve Number (SCS-CN). The results showed that the water catchment areas in the sub watershed of Laut Tawar from 2014-2018 was 33169.83 ha, and classified into 4 categories : 1) Good (66.29%, 87.02%, 81.94%, 81.99%, 82 , 03%); 2) Naturally normal (27.09%, 3.97%, 8.43%, 8.39%, 8.34%); 3) Getting critical (6.57%, 8.87% , 9.49%, 9.49%, 9.49%); and 4) Rather critical (0.05%, 0.13%, 0.13%, 0.13%, 0.13%,). Surface runoff that occured in 2014-2018 based on water catchment conditions, : 1) Good (16.51 mm, 69.34 mm, 14.50 mm, 23.42 mm, 33.42 mm); 2) Naturally normal (24.35 mm, 239.07 mm, 47.06 mm, 82.78 mm, 91.50 mm); 3) Getting critical (127.60 mm, 395.31 mm, 173.76 mm, 308, 27 mm, 307.74 mm); and 4) Rather critical (155.86 mm, 351.58 mm, 151.13 mm, 268.43 mm, 269.42 mm).Keywords: Watershed, Catchment Area, Surface Runoff

Aplikasi Teknologi Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy (NIRS) Untuk Membedakan Beras Apek dan Tidak Apek Menggunakan Metode Principal Component Analysis (PCA) Herlina Herlina; Susi Chairani; Zulfahrizal Zulfahrizal
Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pertanian Vol 4, No 2 (2019): Mei 2019
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Syiah Kuala

Abstrak. Beras merupakan salah satu tanaman pangan utama hampir dari setengah populasi dunia. Beras sebagai menu pokok ini memiliki kandungan pati yang cukup besar. Selain itu, dalam beras juga mengandung vitamin, protein, mineral, dan air. Pendistribusian beras terkadang membuat beras rusak yang disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor, seperti penyimpanan yang terlalu lama, dan suhu tempat penyimpanan beras. Beras yang terendam air juga bisa menyebabkan beras itu rusak, seperti beras yang ada dalam gudang yang terkena air hujan yang dapat menyebabkan beras tersebut bau apek. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah membangun model pendugaan mutu beras berdasarkan sifat apek beras menggunakan metode Principal Component Analysis (PCA) dengan pretreatment De-Trending (DT). Penelitian ini menggunakan alat FT-IR IPTEK T-1516. Bahan yang digunakan adalah beras varietas Ciherang 20 g per sampel dengan total jumlah sebanyak 56 sampel. Untuk memperoleh beras apek dilakukan perendaman selama 2 jam dengan penyimpanan 2 hari, 4 hari dan 6 hari dan beras dikeringkan di bawah sinar matahari. Perlakuan terhadap bahan dibagi 2, pertama beras tanpa campuran dan kedua beras dengan campuran. Pencampuran beras bagus dengan beras apek dengan rasio 75% dan 25%. Akuisisi spectrum beras dilakukan dalam bentuk tumpukan. Masing-masing sampel yang telah dimasukkan ke dalam botol plastik akan dilakukan pengambilan spektrum dengan cara diletakkan masing-masing sampel tersebut pada lubang sinar. Untuk mengekplorasi kemiripan spectrum antar sampel dan untuk mencari outlier data dengan menggunakan metode Hotteling T2 ellipse. Hasil dari penelitian yang telah dilakukan diperoleh NIRS mampu menghasilkan klasifikasi beras bagus dan beras apek dengan tingkat keberhasilan di atas 80%. Pretreatment DT mampu menghasilkan model klasifikasi beras sehingga mencapai keberhasilan 83,33%. Technology Application Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy (NIRS) To Distinguish The Rice Is Stale And Not Stale Using The Principal Component Analysis Method (PCA)Abstract. Rice is one of the main food crops of almost half the world's population. Rice as a staple menu has a considerable starch content. In addition, rice also contains vitamins, protein, minerals, and water. The distribution of rice sometimes destroys rice caused by several factors, such as too long storage, and the temperature where the rice is stored. Rice that is submerged in water can also cause the rice to be damaged, such as rice in a warehouse exposed to rain which can cause the rice to smell musty. The purpose of this study is to build a model for estimating the quality of rice based on the musty nature of rice using the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) method with pretreatment De-Trending (DT). This study used the FT-IR tool of Science and Technology T-1516. The material used was rice of Ciherang variety of 20 g per sample with a total amount of 56 samples. To obtain musty rice, soaking is carried out for 2 hours with storage of 2 days, 4 days and 6 days and the rice is dried in the sun. Treatment of ingredients is divided into 2, first rice without mixture and both rice with mixture. Mixing good rice with musty rice with a ratio of 75% and 25%. Acquisition of spectrum of rice is done in the form of piles. Each sample that has been inserted into a plastic bottle will be taken spectrum by placing each of these samples in a ray hole. To explore the similarity spectrum between samples and to find outliers of data using the T2 ellipse Hotteling method. The results of the research that has been done obtained by NIRS are able to produce a classification of good rice and musty rice with a success rate above 80%. DT pretreatment was able to produce a rice classification model so that it achieved 83.33% success.

Analisis Neraca Air Permukaan Sub DAS Krueng Khee Kabupaten Aceh Besar Arini Putri; Susi Chairani; Ichwana Ichwana
Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pertanian Vol 1, No 1 (2016): November 2016
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Syiah Kuala

Pengetahuan mengenai ketersediaan air dan kebutuhan air sangat penting untuk mengetahui keseimbangan air. Perhitungan neraca air permukaan dilakukan untuk mengetahui kemampuan ketersediaan air permukaan pada Sub DAS Krueng Khee untuk memenuhi kebutuhan air domestik dan irigasi. Data klimatologi dan sosial pada tahun 2014 yang digunakan pada penelitian. Berdasarkan penelitian ini diketahui potensi air permukaan Sub DAS Krueng Khee berasal dari air sungai dan curah hujan efektif. Jumlah potensi air dari air sungai pada tahun 2014 adalah 16.891.372,8/tahun. Ketersediaan air yang berasal dari curah hujan efektif digunakan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan kebutuhan air irigasi. Kebutuhan air yang terdapat di Sub DAS Krueng Khee meliputi: kebutuhan air domestik, irigasi, peternakan, dan industri. Analisis neraca air permukaan dilaksanakan dengan mengurangkan input air permukaan dengan output air pada daerah penelitian. Keseimbangan air permukaan (surface water balance) yang dicapai untuk memenuhi kebutuhan air di Sub DAS Krueng Khee pada tahun 2014 adalah: Perubahan simpanan air permukaan ( maksimum yaitu 4.279.181,10 /bulan pada bulan Januari (surplus), rata-rata yaitu 1.255.403,945 /bulan dan minimum yaitu 383.486,90/bulan pada bulan Oktober. Sepanjang tahun 2014 tidak terjadi kekurangan ketersediaan air untuk memenuhi kebutuhan air total Sub DAS Krueng Khee.Knowledge about water availability and water demand is significant to water balance awareness. Accounting surface water balance is to find out capability of surface water availability in Sub Watershed Krueng Khee in order to fulfill domestic and irigation water demand. Chilmatology and social data in year 2014 were used in this research. Based on the result the source of surface water potential in Sub Watershed Krueng Khee source are river water and effective rainfall. The amount of water potential from the river in year 2014 was 16.891.372,8/year. The water availability from effective ranfall used to fulfill irigation. Water demand in Sub wathershed Krueng Khee divers from domestic water demand, irigation, livestock and industry. Surface water balance analysis perfomed by subtracting input surface water with the water output in the research area. Surface water balance achieved to fulfill water demand in Sub Watershed Krueng Khee in 2014: surface water storage ( maximum was 4.279.181,10 /month in January (surplus), average was 1.255.403,945 / month and minimum was 383.486,90/month in October. Throughout the year 2014 there was no shortage of water availability to fulfill the water demand in Sub Wathershed Krueng Khee

Audit Energi Pada Proses Produksi CPO (Crude Palm Oil) Di PT. Socfindo Lae Butar Aceh Singkil Miswar Rahmad; Susi Chairani; Kiman Siregar
Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pertanian Vol 3, No 1 (2018): Februari 2018
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Syiah Kuala

Abstrak. Audit energi akan membantu perusahaan untuk mengetahui secara rinci kebutuhan energi dan efisiensi penggunaan alat dan mesin pada setiap tahapan produksi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji jenis penggunaan energi, jumlah dan sumber energi pada tiap tahapan proses produksi, menghitung kebutuhan energi SEC (Specific Energy Consumption) untuk menghasilkan per satuan produk CPO mengkaji peluang penghematan energi yang dapat dilakukan untuk memproduksi CPO. Besaranya energi total yang dibutuhkan untuk memproduksi CPO adalah sebesar 9,4650 MJ/kg CPO. Input energi terbesar berasal dari energi manusia 6,034 MJ/kg CPO atau 63,67 % dari energi total masukan energi pada proses pengolahan Tanda Buah Segar (TBS). Input terkecil berasal dari penggunaan energi solar 0,071 MJ/kg CPO atau 0,75 % dari masukan energi pada proses pengolahan TBS. Berdasarkan tahapan proses produksi, jumlah energi yang dibutuhkan pada tahapan pengangkutan TBS sebesar 9,52 MJ/kg CPO, pengolahan TBS sebesar 8,563 MJ/kg CPO dan sarana pendukung sebesar 23,296 MJ/kg CPO. Konsumsi energi listrik yaitu sebesar 2,529 atau sebesar 26,72 % dari total masukan energi. Tahapan kegiatan pengolahan yang paling besar mengkonsumsi energi yaitu tahapan pengolahan biji sebesar 4,335 MJ/kg CPO atau 50,623 % dari total masukan energi untuk pengolahan TBS. Penghematan energi dapat dilakukan dengan cara meningkatkan jam olah riil untuk meningkatkan produksi TBS dan perbaikan paralatan atau mesin-mesin produksi sehingga mengurangi pemborosan terhadap konsumsi energi selama proses pengolahan.Audit Energi dalam Proses CPO (Crude Palm Oil) Produksi di PT. Socfindo Lae Butar, Aceh Singkil Abstract. The energy audit would help the company to find out the energy requirements and the efficiency of the tools and machinery usage at each stage of production in details. The purpose of this study was to examine the type of energy use, quantity and energy sources at each stage of the production process, calculate the energy needs of the SEC (Specific Energy Consumption) to produce per unit of CPO products, assess the energy saving opportunities that could be made to produce CPO. The total energy needed to produce CPO was 9,4650 MJ/ kg CPO. The biggest energy input derived from human energy which was 6,034 MJ / kg CPO or 63,67% from total energy input to process the Fresh Fruit Bunches (FFB). The smallest input derived from the use of solar energy which was 0,071 MJ / kg CPO or 0,75% from the energy input to process the FFB. Based on the production process stages, the amount of energy needed in the transportation phase of FFB, FFB processing and supporting facilities were 9,52 MJ/kg CPO, 8,563 MJ/kg CPO and 23,296 MJ/kg CPO, respectively. The electric energy consumption was 2.529 or 29.533% of the total energy input. Stage of processing activities that consumed the most energy was the processing stage of seeds which was 4.335 MJ / kg CPO or 50.623% of the total energy input for processing the FFB. The energy savings could be made by increasing the real processing hours and repairing the production equipments or machines in order to reduce the waste of energy consumption during processing.

Pengaruh Tinggi Tekanan pada Selang Kirico terhadap Keseragaman Penyebaran Air, Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Sawi Hijau (Brassica chinensis) Hasmalinar Hasmalinar; Ichwana Ichwana; Susi Chairani
Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pertanian Vol 5, No 3 (2020): Agustus 2020
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Syiah Kuala

Abstrak. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh perbedaan tinggi tekanan pada selang Kirico terhadap keseragaman penyebaran air (CU dan DU) serta pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman sawi hijau (Brassica chinensis). Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimen dalam bentuk Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan pola non faktorial. Tinggi tekanan yang digunakan terdiri dari tiga perlakuan, yaitu: tinggi tekanan 6 psi (T1), tinggi tekanan 9 psi (T2) dan tinggi tekanan 12 psi (T3). Variabel respon yang diamati di lapangan terdiri dari tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, panjang akar, bobot berangkasan basah dan bobot berangkasan kering. Berdasarkan hasil analisis sidik ragam ANOVA pada parameter koefisien keseragaman (CU) dan keseragaman distribusi (DU) yang diuji diperoleh F hitung F tabel dan signifikansinya 0,025 0,05. Tinggi tekanan pada selang Kirico yang optimal terhadap keseragaman penyebaran air dengan luas bedeng (8 x 1) m2 adalah pada perlakuan T2 yakni dengan menggunakan tinggi tekanan 9 psi. Hasil rata-rata pengujian koefisien keseragaman (CU) tiap perlakuan adalah T1 85,62%, T2 89,61% dan T3 85,73%. Hasil rata-rata pengujian keseragaman distribusi (DU) tiap perlakuan adalah T1 77,14%, T2 83,49% dan T3 77,32%. Tinggi tekanan yang optimal terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman terdapat pada perlakuan T2 yakni dengan menggunakan tinggi tekanan 9 psi dimana rata-rata tinggi tanaman T1 30,85 cm, T2 32,15 cm dan T3 30,30 cm. Rata-rata jumlah daun T1 21 helai, T2 21 helai dan T3 20 helai. Rata-rata panjang akar T1 8,03 cm, T2 8,06 cm dan T3 7,93 cm. Bobot berangkasan basah T1 305,25 gram, T2 323,75 gram dan T3 299 gram. Bobot berangkasan kering T1 181,58 gram, T2 206,15 gram dan T3 186,88 gram.Effect of Head Pressures of Kirico Hose on Water Distribution Uniformity, Growth and Yield of Green Mustard (Brassica chinensis) Abstract. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the head pressure differences in Kirico hose in the uniformity of water distribution (CU and DU) as well as the growth and yield of mustard greens (Brassica chinensis). The research method used was an experimental method in the form of Randomized Group Design (RBD) with a non factorial pattern. The head pressures used were 6 psi (T1), 9 psi (T2) and 12 psi (T3), respectively. Response variables observed in the field were plant height, number of leaves, root length, wet and dry weights. Based on ANOVA analysis on parameters of coefficient uniformity (CU) and distribution uniformity (DU), F count F table with significancy of 0.025 0.05. The optimal head pressure for Kirico hose to irrigate the area of 8 x 1 m2 was 9 psi (T2). The results showed that the averages of coefficient uniformity (CU) for each treatment were: 85.62% (T1), 89.61% (T2) and 85.73% (T3), respectively. Mean while, the averages of distribution uniformity (DU) for each treatment were: 77.14% (T1), 83.49% (T2) and 77.32% (T3), respectively. The averages of plant height for each treatment were: 30.85 cm (T1), 32.15 cm (T2) and 30.30 cm (T3), respectively. The number of leaves averages were: 21 (T1), 21 (T2) and 20 (T3), respectively. The root length averages were: 8.03 cm (T1), 8.06 cm (T2) and 7.93 cm (T3). The wet/dry weights were: 305.25/181,58 grams (T1), 323.75/206,15 grams (T2), and 299/186.88 grams (T3), respectively.

Perbandingan Nilai Intersepsi Pohon Mahoni (Swietania mahagoni) dan Pohon Pinus (Casuarina cunninghamia) Siti Mechram; Susi Chairani; Ahmad Zaki
Rona Teknik Pertanian Vol 5, No 2 (2012): Volume 5, No. 2, Oktober 2012
Publisher : Department of Agricultural Engineering, Syiah Kuala University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17969/rtp.v5i2.235

Comparation of Interception Loss on Mahoni (Swietania mahagoni) and Pinus (Casuarina cunninghamia)ABSTRACT. Interception of rain is the retention of rainwater on surface vegetation before it evaporates back into the atmosphere. Research relating to the interception is still lacking, so it is necessary to study the interception on some types of plants. Although the interception had a little value, and sometimes overlooked, but in some plants have a considerable effect. The purpose of this study was to determine the magnitude of interception in Mahogany and Pine trees, as well as to determine the relationship between rainfall and interception. In this study, samples taken at the Mahogany and Pine trees by the number of 3 samples of each tree. There were two approaches to measure the amount of interception, the first approach was the Volume Balance Approach and the second approach was the Energy Balance Approach. In this study, the volume balance approach, with measurements of rainfall, throughfall, stemflow and interception for ten days of rainfall. The average amount of interception Mahogany obtained 15.5 mm (7.31%) of the total amount of rainfall and the correlation coefficient (r) was at 0.554. While the average number of interception Pinus acquired 87.23 mm (41.15%) of the total amount of rainfall and the correlation coefficient (r) was at 0.505. The size of the interception was influenced by wind speed, density and canopy shape. The research obtained that the interception for pine trees was higher than Mahogany trees. The results also showed that the higher percentage of rainfall, the smaller interception. This was due to the canopy conditions and climatic factors.

Intersepsi Curah Hujan Pada Tegakan Pohon Pinus (Casuarina cunninghamia) Susi Chairani; Dewi Sri Jayanti
Rona Teknik Pertanian Vol 6, No 1 (2013): Volume 6, No. 1, April 2013
Publisher : Department of Agricultural Engineering, Syiah Kuala University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17969/rtp.v6i1.361

ABSTRAK. Proses tertahannya curah hujan di atas tajuk vegetasi dikenal dengan istilah intersepsi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan pengukuran intersepsi, air lolos (throughfall), dan aliran batang (stemflow) pada tegakan pohon pinus (Casuarina cunninghamia) pada kelas umur 7, 15 dan 30 tahun. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di kawasan Taman Hutan Raya, Seulawah, Kabupaten Aceh Besar. Bahan dan alat yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah alat penakar curah, gelas ukur, pita ukur, klinometer, dan perangkat lunak Microsoft Excel. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa umur pohon berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap besarnya jumlah air lolos (throughfall) dan aliran batang (stemflow). Diameter pohon berpengaruh secara signifikan untuk besarnya jumlah air lolos (throughfall) dan aliran batang (stemflow). Umur pohon sangat mempengaruhi tingkat kepadatan tajuk dimana semakin lebat tajuk pohon maka intersepsi semakin besar. Bentuk daun pinus yang berbentuk jarum yang tumbuh dengan rapat juga mempengaruhi intersepsi.Rainfall Interception On The Stands of Pine Tree (Casuarina cunninghamia)ABSTRACT. The process of rainfall retention above the canopy of vegetation is known as interception. This study aimed to measure interception, throughfall, and stemflow on pine trees (Casuarina cunninghamia) at different ages 7, 15 and 30 years old, respectively. This research was conducted in the area of Taman Hutan Raya, Seulawah, Aceh Besar. Materials and tools used in this study were an automatic raingauge, measuring cups, measuring tape, clinometer, and Microsoft Excel software. Based on the research, the results showed that the age of the tree had significantly influenced the throughfall and stemflow. The tree’s diameter had significant influence on the large amount of throughfall and stemflow. The tree’s age greatly affected the density of tree canopy. The more dense the tree canopy, then the greater interception the tree had. The pine needle-shaped leaves densely grew that influenced the interception.

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